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vt (1) (強硬)要求(ask for(sth)sharply and insistently) [T+n， T+that(should)，T+to-inf]：～sb's name/sb's presence/silence/a refund/an explanation/high wages/better working conditions 要求某人說出名字/某人出席/肅靜/退款/解釋/高工資/更好的工作條件;～money from sb/an apology from sb/help of sb 找某人勒索錢/要求某人道歉/要求某人幫助;～an answer to one's question 要求回答自己的問題;～to know the truth/to see the manager/to be allowed to enter 要求了解事實/見經(jīng)理/準(zhǔn)予入內(nèi);～of (from) sb to shut the gate 要求某人關(guān)上大門;～that one (should) know the truth/the gate (should) be shut 要求了解事實/大門關(guān)上;〖同〗order， require;

(2) 需要(require or need urgently) [T+n]：(task/situation/request)～serious thought(任務(wù)/局勢/請求)需要認真考慮;(work)～great patience/immediate attention/great concentration(工作)需要極大耐心/立刻關(guān)注/全神貫注;〖同〗need， require;

→ de′manding adj 要求高(多，……)的;

n(1)(強硬)要求(command， or insistent request made so that it sounds like a command) [C] [N(for)，N+that(should)，N(for)+to-inf]：sb's reasonable(just)～for reform/higher wages/higher pay/bigger grants/rent 某人關(guān)于改革/提高工資/提高報酬/增加助學(xué)金/交租金的合理(正當(dāng))要求;meet the workers'～for more money 滿足工人們增加工資的要求;(landlord) send sb a～for last month's rent(房主)捎信給某人要上個月的房租;the～that there should be reform 進行改革的要求;～for the Prime Minister to resign 要首相辭職的要求;satisfy/meet/grant/refuse/reject/carry out a～滿足/滿足/答應(yīng)/拒絕/拒絕/實現(xiàn)一要求;receive a tax～收到催稅單;〖同〗command， order;

(2) 需要(求)(willingness or desire of people to buy or obtain particular goods or services) [U， a～] [N(for)]：There is much(high/huge/some/no/a great)～for experienced nurses/cashmere sweaters對有經(jīng)驗的護士/開士米毛衣的需求很大(很大/很大/有一些/全無/很大)。The～for fish exceeds the supply. 對魚的需求大于供應(yīng)。(oil/secretary) be (not much) in～(油/秘書)(不很)需要;The girl is in great～as a baby-sitter. 很多人都要那姑娘去照看孩子。The author is in great～as a lecturer. 很多地方請那作者去演講?！纪?need， requirement， want;

make demands on (of) sth/sb 對……提出要求：(rapid industrial growth) make new/great/strict/tremendous～s on science and technology(工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展)對科學(xué)技術(shù)提出新/巨大/嚴格/很高的要求;(teacher)make new/great/strict/tremendous～s of the students(教師)對學(xué)生提出新/巨大/嚴格/很高的要求;

on demand(當(dāng)要求時)即刻：show one's ticket/feed the baby/supply meals on～即時出示車(機)票/喂嬰兒/供飯;a note/cheque payable on～隨時可支付的票據(jù)/支票;

【辨異】demand與claim、require和request的區(qū)別見CLAIM。