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(1) 要素，組成部分，成分(fundamental or essential part of a whole;necessary feature) [C，N(in/of)]：the～s of the human body/of a sentence/of music 人體的組成部分/句子成分/音樂(lè)的成分; reduce sth to its～s 把某物還原為元素; an important～in the success of sth/of government 成功/體制的一個(gè)重要因素; all/one of the～s of life 生活的所有/一個(gè)組成部分; A good story has an～of suspense. 好的故事要有懸念?！纪絚omponent;〖反〗 compound，total;

(2) 小量，少許 (slight amount;trace) [C，通常sing]：an～of truth/of danger/of doubt/of mystery 有點(diǎn)(些)道理/危險(xiǎn)/疑問(wèn)/神秘;

(3) 元素(substance that cannot be split by chemical means into simpler substances)[C]：Hydrogen，chlorine，iron and uranium are～s. 氫、氯、鐵、鈾都是元素。

(4) (古代哲學(xué)家認(rèn)為構(gòu)成宇宙的土、氣、火、水四大要素之一) 要素(according to ancient philosophers，any one of the four substances，earth，air，fire and water，of which the universe was supposed to be made) [C];

(5) 1) 自然力，風(fēng)雨(wind，rain and other forces of nature that make the weather) [the～]：fight against/battle/combat the fury of the～s 與狂風(fēng)暴雨搏斗; exposed to the～s 經(jīng)受風(fēng)吹雨打; brave/be careless of the～s 勇敢面對(duì)/全然不顧惡劣的天氣 2) 原理，基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) (first things to be learned in any subjects) [the～s]： learn (master) the～s of arithmetic/of grammar/of musical theory 學(xué)習(xí)(掌握)數(shù)學(xué)/語(yǔ)法/音樂(lè)理論的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí); The～s of physics are difficult to grasp. 物理原理很難掌握?！纪?principles，foundations;

(6) (適應(yīng)的)生活環(huán)境，活動(dòng)范圍(environment to which someone or sth is suited or adapted) [C，通常sing]：The sea was as much his～as the land. 大海同陸地一樣都是他生活的地方。The theater is his real～. 戲劇才是他真正的天地。Water is the～of fish. 水是魚(yú)的生存環(huán)境?！纪?environment;

in one's element 處于很適應(yīng)的環(huán)境;在自己的活動(dòng)范圍之內(nèi);很在行： in one's～when one is in the mountains/working on the farm/among a crowd of girls 在山里/在農(nóng)場(chǎng)干活/和一群女孩子在一起時(shí)，感到非常自在; The deep sea fish is in its～in deep water. 深水魚(yú)只有在深水中才會(huì)感到適應(yīng)。

out of one's element 處于不適應(yīng)的環(huán)境;不在自己的活動(dòng)范圍之內(nèi);很外行：feel out of one's～in political discussions/among a group of bankers and financiers/when people begin talking about economies/on the farm 在討論政治時(shí)/在一群銀行家和金融家中/當(dāng)人們開(kāi)始談?wù)摻?jīng)濟(jì)制度的時(shí)候/在農(nóng)場(chǎng)時(shí)感到不自在(適應(yīng));Wild animals are out of their～in cages. 野生動(dòng)物被關(guān)在籠子中很不自在。

→?ele′mental adj 元(要)素的;?ele′mentary adj 基礎(chǔ)(本)的;

【辨異】element、component、constituent和ingredient均指某物的組成部分。element 為通用詞，可以指任何事情的任何關(guān)鍵或基本成分，如：the elements of matter (物質(zhì)的要素);component 指合成物或混合物眾多成分中的一個(gè)， 如：the components of an engine (發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的部件);constituent 經(jīng)?？梢耘ccomponent通用，但強(qiáng)調(diào)某物的有機(jī)組成部分，如：Hydrogen and oxygen are constituents of water. (水是由氫原子和氧原子組成的。) ingredient 暗示在與其他的成分混合或組合后失去其原有的特征，如：Milk，eggs and flour are basic ingredients in making a cake.(牛奶、雞蛋及面粉是制作面包的主要原料。)