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prep (1) (表示對(duì)象)為……(be given or sent to)：a parcel/letter/present～him 給他的包裹/信/禮物;leave a note/save a glass of water～Mary 給瑪麗留一張便條/省一杯水;buy some chairs/the equipment～the office 給辦公室買(mǎi)一些椅子/這種設(shè)備;

(2) (表示目的或作用)為了……(having a particular purpose)：an instrument～measuring speed 測(cè)量速度的儀器;a thermometer～measuring temperature 測(cè)溫度的溫度計(jì);cupboards～toys 放玩具的小櫥;closets～dishes 放盤(pán)子的碗櫥;chairs～visitors 來(lái)賓座席;books～children 兒童讀物; go to France～a holiday 去法國(guó)度假;go to a friend for advice 向朋友求教;

(3) (目標(biāo)，去向)去往(in order to go to or reach)：set off/leave/depart～home 動(dòng)身/起程/動(dòng)身回家;the train/passengers～London 開(kāi)往倫敦的火車(chē)/去倫敦的乘客;

(4) 為得到(in order to get，have，be，etc) (一般在動(dòng)詞后)：search～treasure 尋寶;run ～one's life 逃命;study～a degree 念學(xué)位;ask one's parents～money 向父母要錢(qián);ask a policeman for directions 向警察問(wèn)路;

(5) 有益(助)于(suiting the purposes or needs of)：herbs～cancer 治療癌癥的草藥;medicine～the aged 供老年人用的藥品;fight～one's country 為祖國(guó)戰(zhàn)斗;give sb some medicine～his fever 給某人一些治療發(fā)燒的藥;have an operation～a heart disease 為某人的心臟病做手術(shù);a collection～the poor 為窮人募捐;

(6) 1) 替代(instead of;in place of)：go to the meeting/teach English/clean the classroom～one's friend 替朋友去開(kāi)會(huì)/教英語(yǔ)/打掃教室;use a substitute～butter 用一種替代物替代黃油;use the artificial flowers～real one's 用假花替代真花; 2) 代表(on behalf of)：speak～all the staff members/the parliament 代表所有職員/議會(huì)的講話;a reception～the ambassador 代表大使舉行的招待會(huì); 3) 表示……的意思(meaning)：“Carte” is the French word～card. Carte是法語(yǔ)詞，意思是卡片。

(7) (表示等值或比例關(guān)系)每……(就……)(in consideration of or in return for (sth))：sell/buy a television～40 dollars 以40美元賣(mài)掉/買(mǎi)一臺(tái)電視機(jī);a kilo of tomatoes～two dollars 兩美元一公斤的西紅柿;one rotten apple～every three good ones 每三個(gè)蘋(píng)果中就有一個(gè)爛蘋(píng)果;

(8) 贊成，擁護(hù)(in favour of;on the side of)：be～or against the honest government/the proposal/the slogan 贊成還是反對(duì)誠(chéng)實(shí)的政府/計(jì)劃/口號(hào);Who did you vote～? 你投票贊成誰(shuí)?

(9) 對(duì)(關(guān))于(introducing sb/sth/that one's thoughts or feelings are directed to;concerning)：be responsible～sb's safety 為某人的安全負(fù)責(zé);be ready～the journey 準(zhǔn)備好旅游;be sad～sb 為某人感到悲哀;have no ear～music 不懂音樂(lè);have no eye～colour 沒(méi)有辨別色彩的能力;have no love～hard work 不喜歡艱苦的工作;

(10) 由于，因?yàn)?by reason of;because of)：～this reason 由于這個(gè)原因;jump/shout/weep～joy 高興得跳起來(lái)/喊起來(lái)/流淚;be famous～its scenery/its churches/its wine 以?xún)?yōu)美的風(fēng)景/教堂/酒著名;be rewarded～hard work 因?yàn)楣ぷ髋Χ艿姜?jiǎng)勵(lì);get a medal～bravery 因?yàn)橛赂叶玫姜?jiǎng)?wù)?do sth～sb's sake 為了某人做某事;

(11) 就……而言;至于(in effect on the interests or circumstances of) (通常用在形容詞后面)：not bad～one's health 某人的健康還不錯(cuò);not tall～one's age 就年齡而言，不算高;The day is warm～April. 對(duì)4月份來(lái)說(shuō)，這樣的天氣就算暖和的。There's a lot of rain～this time of year. 對(duì)于一年的這個(gè)季節(jié)來(lái)說(shuō)，雨下得不少。pressed～time 時(shí)間很緊迫;

(12) 1) (時(shí)間)(距離)達(dá)，計(jì)(indicating a certain time or distance)：know sb/sit still/wait～a long time 認(rèn)識(shí)某人/靜靜地坐了/等了好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間;walk (drive)～three miles/a long way 走(駕駛)了三英里/好長(zhǎng)距離;2) (表示約定的時(shí)間、場(chǎng)合)在 (at a stated time;on a certain occasion)：a date～one o'clock 約會(huì)定于1點(diǎn)鐘;an appointment～Monday 約見(jiàn)定于周一;a reservation～Saturday morning 為周六早晨預(yù)訂的;

(13) 表示目的或意圖(showing purpose or design) 1) (常用于名詞或代詞前，后接動(dòng)詞不定式)：It's～everyone to know/you to decide. 這得讓每個(gè)人知道/由你作決定。make way～the car to pass 給車(chē)讓路;2) (用于名詞后和名詞、代詞前，后接不定式)：There's no need～anyone to know. 不需要讓任何人知道。3) (用于形容詞后面、名詞或代詞前，后接不定式)：It's useful～us to absorb whatever experience. 吸取任何的經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)都是有益的。4) (用在too+形容詞或形容詞+enough后面，后接不定式)：The box is too heavy～you to carry. 那盒子太沉了，你搬不動(dòng)。Is it easy enough～the children to read the book? 讀這本書(shū)對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)是不是夠容易的?5) (用在名詞代詞前，后接不定式)：letters～the boss to sign 讓老板簽字的信;It's～you to say what Mary is to do. 告訴瑪麗要做什么事是你的職責(zé)。6) (用于more…than之后)：Nothing would please me more than～my son to get the scholarship in Oxford University. 沒(méi)有什么比我孩子在牛津大學(xué)得到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金讓我更高興的。

be for it 大概要受罰(infml)：You've broken the window—now you are～it. 你把窗戶(hù)打碎了，你要受罰。

for all 盡管，雖然：F～all his money，he didn't seem happy. 盡管他有錢(qián)，但他好像并不幸福。

conj 由于，因?yàn)?because)(不用于句首)(fml)：It must be late，～I(xiàn) have been here a long time. 一定很晚了，因?yàn)槲以谶@兒已經(jīng)呆了好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。

【辨異】 1) for與at的區(qū)別見(jiàn)AT。2) for與as、because和since的區(qū)別見(jiàn)AS。