(1)提純，精練(make a substance pure by taking out dirt，waste substance)[T+n]：～crude petroleum/ore/metal/sugar 提煉原油/礦石/金屬/精制糖;～ing processes 提純工藝(過(guò)程);〖同〗process;
(2)改進(jìn)(良)(make sth better;improve sth)[T+n]：～one's techniques/working methods/earlier designs 使自己的技術(shù)精益求精/改進(jìn)自己的工作方法/改進(jìn)以前的設(shè)計(jì);The original model has to be～d. 最初的那個(gè)模型還有待完善?！玱ne's idea/one's theories 使自己的想法/理論更完善;〖同〗improve，perfect;
(3)使變得文(優(yōu))雅(make more tasteful or stylish)[T+n](fig)：～one's manner/one's taste/one's language 使自己的舉止/品味/語(yǔ)言變得文雅;Reading good books helps to～one's speech. 讀些好書(shū)可使一個(gè)人的語(yǔ)言變得文雅。
refine on/upon(v prep)改進(jìn)，推敲(vt)：Mary was asked to～on her first outline. 讓瑪麗把她最初的提綱再改進(jìn)一下。
→ re′fined adj 文雅的;經(jīng)過(guò)提煉的;re′finer n 精煉者;精制機(jī);re′finement n 精煉(制);文雅;改進(jìn)(良);精細(xì)(致);re′finery n 精煉加工廠