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n (1)標(biāo)(水，基)準(zhǔn)(sth considered by an authority or by general consent as a rule for measuring weights，lengths，value，quality，purity，etc)[C]：a high～of precision/living 高精密度/高生活水準(zhǔn);the～of height/weight 身高/重量標(biāo)準(zhǔn);by today's～s 根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的標(biāo)準(zhǔn);meet the Federal～ 符合聯(lián)邦標(biāo)準(zhǔn);the monetary～(金銀幣的)法定成份;the official～for the purity of silver銀的純度的官方標(biāo)準(zhǔn);〖同〗basis，pattern，guide，principle，specification;

(2)被認(rèn)可的水平(準(zhǔn))，規(guī)范(acceptable or expected level of quality)[C，常pl]：have a high academic～具有很高的學(xué)術(shù)水平;high moral～s 道德規(guī)范;a low～of hygiene/behaviour 低的衛(wèi)生/行為水準(zhǔn);confer to the～s of society 符合社會(huì)的規(guī)范;set high～s for one's pupils 高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求學(xué)生;

(3)一般要求(水準(zhǔn));某種水平(準(zhǔn))(average，normal or specified requirement，quality，level，etc)[C]：the～of one's work 自己工作的質(zhì)量;His work this week does not reach his usual～. 這周他的工作沒有達(dá)到他通常的水準(zhǔn)。The food is below～.這食品未達(dá)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

(4) 1)旗，旗幟(標(biāo))(ceremonial flag or banner used as symbol of a nation，military unit，corporation，etc)[C]：the royal～王室的旗幟; 2)旗標(biāo)，標(biāo)桿(pole with carved figure，image，etc at the top carried (formally) by an army)[C]：the Roman～古羅馬軍隊(duì)的旗標(biāo);raise the～of revolt 揭竿而起;Two men carried the～in the royal parade. 在盛大的游行隊(duì)伍中，兩個(gè)男人打著旗標(biāo)。〖同〗flag，banner;

(5)支柱(桿，架)，臺(tái)(upright support or supporting part)[C]：candles lit in the～s 燭臺(tái)上點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭;The floor lamp has a long～. 這盞地?zé)粲幸桓L支桿。need six～s to make it secure 需要六個(gè)支柱才能穩(wěn)固;a lamp～燈架;a～lamp落地?zé)?〖同〗pillar，support，upright，column，post;

be up to/below standard 達(dá)到/未達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：work that is up to/below～達(dá)到/未達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的工作;

→′standardize，-ise n 使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化;?stan-dardi′zation，-′sation n 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化;′standard-bearer n 旗手;領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人;

adj (1)(符合)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，規(guī)范的(serving as a model or as a basis for judgement or comparison)(尤作attrib)：～time 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間;the～length 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)長度;a～unit of volume/weight 容量/重量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)單位;～pound/weights and measurers 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)磅/度量衡;

(2)普通的，通常的(usual，common or normal)：a (the)～size of envelops 普通信封; a (the )～rate of income tax 一般所得稅率;～practice/procedure 通常做法/程序;a～model of a car 普通型汽車;〖同〗normal，usual，basic，universal，common，ordinary;〖反〗abnormal，exceptional，irregular，unusual;

(3)公認(rèn)為優(yōu)秀的，有權(quán)威性的(generally accepted as reliable or excellent)：a～author 權(quán)威作家;the～opera 作為保留劇目的歌劇;a～book on a subject 關(guān)于某個(gè)學(xué)科的權(quán)威之作;

(4)(指發(fā)音、拼法、語法)被認(rèn)為是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)式的((of pronunciation，spelling，grammar，etc)widely used and considered acceptable by educated speakers)：～English/spelling/pronunciation 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語/拼寫/發(fā)音