| 釋義 |
“想悠悠千古興廢。”詩(shī)句出處:《西河》;是宋朝詩(shī)人黃升的作品。 天似洗。殘秋未有寒意。何人短笛弄西風(fēng),數(shù)聲壯偉。倚欄感慨展雙眸,離離煙樹如薺。少年事,成夢(mèng)裡。客愁付與流水。筆床茶具老空山,未妨肆志。世間富貴要時(shí)賢,深居宜有馀味。大江東去日西墜。想悠悠千古興廢。此地閱人多矣。且揮弦寄興、氛埃之外。目送蜚鴻歸天際。
| 【註釋】: 想:①想象?!俄n非子·解老》:“人希見生象也,而得死象之骨,案其圖而想其生也?!雹谒妓鳎凰伎肌!秴问洗呵铩ぶ取?“去想去意,靜虛以待?!雹巯肽?;惦念。杜甫《客居》:“覽物想故國(guó)?!雹芄烙?jì);推測(cè)。⑤打算;希望。《漢書·霍光傳》:“天下想聞其風(fēng)采。”悠:①思念;想念?!对?shī)經(jīng)·周南·關(guān)雎》:“悠哉悠哉,輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)?!雹陂L(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn);長(zhǎng)久?!抖Y記·中庸》:“悠久所以成物也?!碧K武《詩(shī)四首》之四:“山海隔中州,相去悠且長(zhǎng)?!雹坶e適的樣子。陶潛《飲酒二十首》之五:“采菊東籬下,悠然見南山?!盵悠悠]1.憂思的樣子。《詩(shī)經(jīng)·鄭風(fēng)·子衿》:“青青子衿(jīn),悠悠我心?!?子:你。衿:襟。)2.遙遠(yuǎn);長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的樣子?!对?shī)經(jīng)·王風(fēng)·黍離》:“悠悠蒼天?!?.閑適的樣子。崔顥《黃鶴樓》詩(shī):“白雲(yún)千載空悠悠?!?. 眾多的樣子。《後漢書·崔駰傳》:“悠悠罔極,亦各有得?!?/div> 悠悠:①悠謬,荒謬?!稌x書·王導(dǎo)傳》:“~~之談,宜絕智者之口?!雹趹n思的樣子?!对?shī)·邶風(fēng)·終風(fēng)》:“莫往莫來(lái),~~我思。”③遙遠(yuǎn),悠長(zhǎng)?!对?shī)·唐風(fēng)·鴇羽》:“~~蒼天,曷其有極?”④安閑靜止的樣子。王勃《滕王閣序》:“閑雲(yún)潭影日~~,物換星移幾度秋?!雹蒽浩煜麓沟臉幼??!对?shī)·小雅·車攻》:“蕭蕭?cǎi)R鳴,~~旆旌。”⑥眾多?!妒酚洝た鬃邮纻怼?“~~者天下皆是也?!?/div> 悠:①思念;想念?!对?shī)經(jīng)·周南·關(guān)雎》:“悠哉悠哉,輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)?!雹陂L(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn);長(zhǎng)久?!抖Y記·中庸》:“悠久所以成物也?!碧K武《詩(shī)四首》之四:“山海隔中州,相去悠且長(zhǎng)?!雹坶e適的樣子。陶潛《飲酒二十首》之五:“采菊東籬下,悠然見南山?!盵悠悠]1.憂思的樣子?!对?shī)經(jīng)·鄭風(fēng)·子衿》:“青青子衿(jīn),悠悠我心?!?子:你。衿:襟。)2.遙遠(yuǎn);長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的樣子?!对?shī)經(jīng)·王風(fēng)·黍離》:“悠悠蒼天。”3.閑適的樣子。崔顥《黃鶴樓》詩(shī):“白雲(yún)千載空悠悠。”4. 眾多的樣子?!夺釢h書·崔駰傳》:“悠悠罔極,亦各有得。”千古:①指久遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)代。辛棄疾《南鄉(xiāng)子·登京口北固亭有懷》:“~~興亡多少事,悠悠,不盡長(zhǎng)江滾滾流?!雹谟绖e。後用為哀挽死者之辭?!缎绿茣ぱκ諅鳌?“卒,年三十三。王哭之慟,與其從兄子元敬書曰:‘吾與伯褒共軍旅間,何嘗不驅(qū)馳經(jīng)略,款曲襟抱,豈期一朝成~~也!’”古:①往昔;歷時(shí)久遠(yuǎn)。與“今”相對(duì)?!吨芤住は缔o下》:“上古穴居野處,後世聖人易之以宮室。”(易:換。宮室:房舍。)蘇軾《水調(diào)歌頭》:“人有悲歡離合,月有陰晴圓缺,此事古難全?!雹谥腹糯氖挛?;舊;原來(lái)?!豆旁?shī)十九首》之十六:“良人惟古歡,枉駕惠前綏?!雹劬眠h(yuǎn);古老。趙與時(shí)《賓退錄》卷三:“客土二字,其來(lái)甚古?!雹芄朋w詩(shī)的簡(jiǎn)稱。或稱古風(fēng)、古詩(shī)。與近體詩(shī)相對(duì),不受平仄、對(duì)仗等格律的限制,形式比較自由?!对?shī)藪·古體上》:“歌至五、七言古,全不入樂矣?!?/div> 興:①[動(dòng)]起身,起 來(lái)。《論語(yǔ)·衛(wèi)靈公》:“從者病,莫能~。”②[動(dòng)]興起,建立?!妒酚洝の牡郾炯o(jì)》:“漢~,至孝文四十有餘載?!雹踇動(dòng)]發(fā)動(dòng)?!妒酚洝た崂袅袀鳌?“漢大~兵伐匈奴?!雹躘形]興盛。與“廢”相對(duì)。《論語(yǔ)· 子路》:“事不成,則禮樂不~。”⑤(xing)[名]興致,興趣(後起意義)。劉義慶《世說(shuō)新語(yǔ)·任誕》:“吾本乘~而行,~盡而返。”廢:①?gòu)U棄;廢弛?!墩撜Z(yǔ)·衛(wèi)靈公》:“君子不以言舉人,不以人廢言?!币仓笍U棄不用的事物。《史記·太史公自序》:“孔子修舊起廢?!雹趶U黜;貶退?!稌x書 · 桓溫傳》:“溫乃廢帝而立簡(jiǎn)文帝?!雹鬯。粶S亡?!妒酚洝と辶至袀餍颉?“(故)孔子閔(憫)王路廢而邪道興?!?王路:王道。)④衰頹;精神委靡。《莊子·德充符》:“而適先生之所,則廢然而反(返)?!?適:到。)⑤殘疾?!秴问洗呵铩彏椤?“左手攫之則右手廢。”⑥倒塌。《淮南子·覽冥》:“往古之時(shí),四極廢,九州裂。”⑦放置;擱置?!额伿蟼碛?xùn)·勉學(xué)》:“所誦經(jīng)書,一月廢置,便至荒蕪矣?!雹鄳胤毁确?。《史記·淮陰侯列傳》:“項(xiàng)王喑惡叱吒,千人皆廢?!?/div> “想悠悠千古興廢。”詩(shī)句出處:《西河》;是宋朝詩(shī)人黃升的作品。 天似洗。殘秋未有寒意。何人短笛弄西風(fēng),數(shù)聲壯偉。倚欄感慨展雙眸,離離煙樹如薺。少年事,成夢(mèng)里??统罡杜c流水。筆床茶具老空山,未妨肆志。世間富貴要時(shí)賢,深居宜有馀味。大江東去日西墜。想悠悠千古興廢。此地閱人多矣。且揮弦寄興、氛埃之外。目送蜚鴻歸天際。
| 【注釋】: 想:①想象?!俄n非子·解老》:“人希見生象也,而得死象之骨,案其圖而想其生也?!雹谒妓鳎凰伎?。《呂氏春秋·知度》:“去想去意,靜虛以待?!雹巯肽?;惦念。杜甫《客居》:“覽物想故國(guó)?!雹芄烙?jì);推測(cè)。⑤打算;希望?!稘h書·霍光傳》:“天下想聞其風(fēng)采?!?/div> 悠:①思念;想念?!对?shī)經(jīng)·周南·關(guān)雎》:“悠哉悠哉,輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)。”②長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn);長(zhǎng)久?!抖Y記·中庸》:“悠久所以成物也?!碧K武《詩(shī)四首》之四:“山海隔中州,相去悠且長(zhǎng)?!雹坶e適的樣子。陶潛《飲酒二十首》之五:“采菊東籬下,悠然見南山?!盵悠悠]1.憂思的樣子?!对?shī)經(jīng)·鄭風(fēng)·子衿》:“青青子衿(jīn),悠悠我心?!?子:你。衿:襟。)2.遙遠(yuǎn);長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的樣子?!对?shī)經(jīng)·王風(fēng)·黍離》:“悠悠蒼天?!?.閑適的樣子。崔顥《黃鶴樓》詩(shī):“白云千載空悠悠。”4. 眾多的樣子?!逗鬂h書·崔骃傳》:“悠悠罔極,亦各有得?!?/div> 悠悠:①悠謬,荒謬。《晉書·王導(dǎo)傳》:“~~之談,宜絕智者之口?!雹趹n思的樣子?!对?shī)·邶風(fēng)·終風(fēng)》:“莫往莫來(lái),~~我思?!雹圻b遠(yuǎn),悠長(zhǎng)?!对?shī)·唐風(fēng)·鴇羽》:“~~蒼天,曷其有極?”④安閑靜止的樣子。王勃《滕王閣序》:“閑云潭影日~~,物換星移幾度秋。”⑤旌旗下垂的樣子?!对?shī)·小雅·車攻》:“蕭蕭?cǎi)R鳴,~~旆旌。”⑥眾多。《史記·孔子世家》:“~~者天下皆是也?!?/div> 悠:①思念;想念?!对?shī)經(jīng)·周南·關(guān)雎》:“悠哉悠哉,輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)?!雹陂L(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn);長(zhǎng)久?!抖Y記·中庸》:“悠久所以成物也?!碧K武《詩(shī)四首》之四:“山海隔中州,相去悠且長(zhǎng)。”③閑適的樣子。陶潛《飲酒二十首》之五:“采菊東籬下,悠然見南山?!盵悠悠]1.憂思的樣子?!对?shī)經(jīng)·鄭風(fēng)·子衿》:“青青子衿(jīn),悠悠我心。”(子:你。衿:襟。)2.遙遠(yuǎn);長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的樣子?!对?shī)經(jīng)·王風(fēng)·黍離》:“悠悠蒼天?!?.閑適的樣子。崔顥《黃鶴樓》詩(shī):“白云千載空悠悠?!?. 眾多的樣子?!逗鬂h書·崔骃傳》:“悠悠罔極,亦各有得?!?/div> 千古:①指久遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)代。辛棄疾《南鄉(xiāng)子·登京口北固亭有懷》:“~~興亡多少事,悠悠,不盡長(zhǎng)江滾滾流?!雹谟绖e。后用為哀挽死者之辭?!缎绿茣ぱκ諅鳌?“卒,年三十三。王哭之慟,與其從兄子元敬書曰:‘吾與伯褒共軍旅間,何嘗不驅(qū)馳經(jīng)略,款曲襟抱,豈期一朝成~~也!’”古:①往昔;歷時(shí)久遠(yuǎn)。與“今”相對(duì)?!吨芤住は缔o下》:“上古穴居野處,后世圣人易之以宮室?!?易:換。宮室:房舍。)蘇軾《水調(diào)歌頭》:“人有悲歡離合,月有陰晴圓缺,此事古難全?!雹谥腹糯氖挛?;舊;原來(lái)。《古詩(shī)十九首》之十六:“良人惟古歡,枉駕惠前綏?!雹劬眠h(yuǎn);古老。趙與時(shí)《賓退錄》卷三:“客土二字,其來(lái)甚古?!雹芄朋w詩(shī)的簡(jiǎn)稱。或稱古風(fēng)、古詩(shī)。與近體詩(shī)相對(duì),不受平仄、對(duì)仗等格律的限制,形式比較自由?!对?shī)藪·古體上》:“歌至五、七言古,全不入樂矣。”興:①[動(dòng)]起身,起 來(lái)?!墩撜Z(yǔ)·衛(wèi)靈公》:“從者病,莫能~?!雹赱動(dòng)]興起,建立。《史記·文帝本紀(jì)》:“漢~,至孝文四十有余載。”③[動(dòng)]發(fā)動(dòng)?!妒酚洝た崂袅袀鳌?“漢大~兵伐匈奴?!雹躘形]興盛。與“廢”相對(duì)。《論語(yǔ)· 子路》:“事不成,則禮樂不~?!雹?xing)[名]興致,興趣(后起意義)。劉義慶《世說(shuō)新語(yǔ)·任誕》:“吾本乘~而行,~盡而返。”廢:①?gòu)U棄;廢弛。《論語(yǔ)·衛(wèi)靈公》:“君子不以言舉人,不以人廢言。”也指廢棄不用的事物?!妒酚洝ぬ饭孕颉?“孔子修舊起廢?!雹趶U黜;貶退?!稌x書 · 桓溫傳》:“溫乃廢帝而立簡(jiǎn)文帝?!雹鬯?;淪亡。《史記·儒林列傳序》:“(故)孔子閔(憫)王路廢而邪道興?!?王路:王道。)④衰頹;精神委靡?!肚f子·德充符》:“而適先生之所,則廢然而反(返)。”(適:到。)⑤殘疾?!秴问洗呵铩彏椤?“左手攫之則右手廢?!雹薜顾?。《淮南子·覽冥》:“往古之時(shí),四極廢,九州裂?!雹叻胖茫粩R置?!额伿霞矣?xùn)·勉學(xué)》:“所誦經(jīng)書,一月廢置,便至荒蕪矣?!雹鄳胤?;偃伏?!妒酚洝せ搓幒盍袀鳌?“項(xiàng)王喑惡叱咤,千人皆廢?!?/div> “xiang you you qian gu xing fei 。”shi gou chu chu :《xi he 》;shi song chao shi ren huang sheng de zuo pin 。 tian shi xi 。can qiu wei you han yi 。he ren duan di long xi feng ,shu sheng zhuang wei 。yi lan gan kai zhan shuang mou ,li li yan shu ru ci 。shao nian shi ,cheng meng li 。ke chou fu yu liu shui 。bi chuang cha ju lao kong shan ,wei fang si zhi 。shi jian fu gui yao shi xian ,shen ju yi you yu wei 。da jiang dong qu ri xi zhui 。xiang you you qian gu xing fei 。ci de yue ren duo yi 。ju hui xian ji xing 、fen ai zhi wai 。mu song fei hong gui tian ji 。
| 【zhu shi 】: xiang :①xiang xiang 。《han fei zi ·jie lao 》:“ren xi jian sheng xiang ye ,er de si xiang zhi gu ,an ji tu er xiang ji sheng ye 。”②sai suo ;sai kao 。《lv shi chun qiu ·zhi du 》:“qu xiang qu yi ,jing xu yi dai ?!雹踴iang nian ;dian nian 。du fu 《ke ju 》:“l(fā)an wu xiang gu guo ?!雹躦u ji ;tui ce 。⑤da suan ;xi wang ?!秇an shu ·huo guang chuan 》:“tian xia xiang wen ji feng cai ?!?/div> you :①sai nian ;xiang nian 。《shi jing ·zhou na ·guan ju 》:“you zai you zai ,nian zhuai fan ce ?!雹赾hang yuan ;chang jiu ?!秎i ji ·zhong yong 》:“you jiu suo yi cheng wu ye 。”su wu 《shi si shou 》zhi si :“shan hai ge zhong zhou ,xiang qu you ju chang ?!雹踴ian kuo de yang zi 。tao qian 《yin jiu er shi shou 》zhi wu :“cai ju dong li xia ,you ran jian na shan 。”[you you ]1.you sai de yang zi ?!秙hi jing ·zheng feng ·zi jin 》:“qing qing zi jin (jīn),you you wo xin ?!?zi :ni 。jin :jin 。)2.yao yuan ;chang yuan de yang zi ?!秙hi jing ·wang feng ·shu li 》:“you you cang tian 。”3.xian kuo de yang zi 。cui hao 《huang he lou 》shi :“bai yun qian zai kong you you ?!?. zhong duo de yang zi ?!秇ou han shu ·cui yin chuan 》:“you you wang ji ,yi ge you de 。”you you :①you miu ,huang miu 。《jin shu ·wang dao chuan 》:“~~zhi tan ,yi jue zhi zhe zhi kou ?!雹趛ou sai de yang zi ?!秙hi ·bei feng ·zhong feng 》:“mo wang mo lai ,~~wo sai 。”③yao yuan ,you chang 。《shi ·tang feng ·bao yu 》:“~~cang tian ,he ji you ji ?”④an xian jing zhi de yang zi 。wang bo 《teng wang ge xu 》:“xian yun tan ying ri ~~,wu huan xing yi ji du qiu 。”⑤jing qi xia chui de yang zi ?!秙hi ·xiao ya ·che gong 》:“xiao xiao ma ming ,~~pei jing 。”⑥zhong duo ?!秙hi ji ·kong zi shi jia 》:“~~zhe tian xia jie shi ye ?!?/div> you :①sai nian ;xiang nian ?!秙hi jing ·zhou na ·guan ju 》:“you zai you zai ,nian zhuai fan ce 。”②chang yuan ;chang jiu ?!秎i ji ·zhong yong 》:“you jiu suo yi cheng wu ye ?!眘u wu 《shi si shou 》zhi si :“shan hai ge zhong zhou ,xiang qu you ju chang ?!雹踴ian kuo de yang zi 。tao qian 《yin jiu er shi shou 》zhi wu :“cai ju dong li xia ,you ran jian na shan 。”[you you ]1.you sai de yang zi 。《shi jing ·zheng feng ·zi jin 》:“qing qing zi jin (jīn),you you wo xin ?!?zi :ni 。jin :jin 。)2.yao yuan ;chang yuan de yang zi 。《shi jing ·wang feng ·shu li 》:“you you cang tian 。”3.xian kuo de yang zi 。cui hao 《huang he lou 》shi :“bai yun qian zai kong you you ?!?. zhong duo de yang zi ?!秇ou han shu ·cui yin chuan 》:“you you wang ji ,yi ge you de 。”qian gu :①zhi jiu yuan de shi dai 。xin qi ji 《na xiang zi ·deng jing kou bei gu ting you huai 》:“~~xing wang duo shao shi ,you you ,bu jin chang jiang gun gun liu 。”②yong bie 。hou yong wei ai wan si zhe zhi ci ?!秞in tang shu ·xue shou chuan 》:“cu ,nian san shi san 。wang ku zhi tong ,yu ji cong xiong zi yuan jing shu yue :‘wu yu bai bao gong jun lv jian ,he chang bu qu chi jing lve ,kuan qu jin bao ,qi ji yi chao cheng ~~ye !’”gu :①wang xi ;li shi jiu yuan 。yu “jin ”xiang dui ?!秡hou yi ·ji ci xia 》:“shang gu xue ju ye chu ,hou shi sheng ren yi zhi yi gong shi ?!?yi :huan 。gong shi :fang she 。)su shi 《shui diao ge tou 》:“ren you bei huan li ge ,yue you yin qing yuan que ,ci shi gu nan quan ?!雹趜hi gu dai de shi wu ;jiu ;yuan lai ?!秅u shi shi jiu shou 》zhi shi liu :“l(fā)iang ren wei gu huan ,wang jia hui qian sui ?!雹踛iu yuan ;gu lao 。zhao yu shi 《bin tui lu 》juan san :“ke tu er zi ,ji lai shen gu 。”④gu ti shi de jian chen 。huo chen gu feng 、gu shi 。yu jin ti shi xiang dui ,bu shou ping ze 、dui zhang deng ge lv de xian zhi ,xing shi bi jiao zi you ?!秙hi sou ·gu ti shang 》:“ge zhi wu 、qi yan gu ,quan bu ru le yi ?!?/div> xing :①[dong ]qi shen ,qi lai ?!秎un yu ·wei ling gong 》:“cong zhe bing ,mo neng ~。”②[dong ]xing qi ,jian li ?!秙hi ji ·wen di ben ji 》:“han ~,zhi xiao wen si shi you yu zai ?!雹踇dong ]fa dong 。《shi ji ·ku li lie chuan 》:“han da ~bing fa xiong nu 。”④[xing ]xing cheng 。yu “fei ”xiang dui 。《lun yu · zi lu 》:“shi bu cheng ,ze li le bu ~?!雹?xing)[ming ]xing zhi ,xing qu (hou qi yi yi )。liu yi qing 《shi shui xin yu ·ren dan 》:“wu ben cheng ~er hang ,~jin er fan ?!?/div> fei :①fei qi ;fei chi ?!秎un yu ·wei ling gong 》:“jun zi bu yi yan ju ren ,bu yi ren fei yan ?!眣e zhi fei qi bu yong de shi wu 。《shi ji ·tai shi gong zi xu 》:“kong zi xiu jiu qi fei ?!雹趂ei chu ;bian tui ?!秊in shu · huan wen chuan 》:“wen nai fei di er li jian wen di 。”③cui bai ;lun wang 。《shi ji ·ru lin lie chuan xu 》:“(gu )kong zi min (min )wang lu fei er xie dao xing ?!?wang lu :wang dao 。)④cui tui ;jing shen wei mi ?!秡huang zi ·de chong fu 》:“er kuo xian sheng zhi suo ,ze fei ran er fan (fan )。”(kuo :dao 。)⑤can ji ?!秎v shi chun qiu ·shen wei 》:“zuo shou jue zhi ze you shou fei 。”⑥dao ta ?!秇uai na zi ·lan ming 》:“wang gu zhi shi ,si ji fei ,jiu zhou lie ?!雹遞ang zhi ;ge zhi ?!秠an shi jia xun ·mian xue 》:“suo song jing shu ,yi yue fei zhi ,bian zhi huang wu yi ?!雹鄐he fu ;yan fu ?!秙hi ji ·huai yin hou lie chuan 》:“xiang wang yin e chi zha ,qian ren jie fei 。”
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