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lay

vt. (pa.t.& pa.p. laid.)
1. place along,make to lie放下，使躺下。
△L.L.L.5.2.556(556): “And lay my arms before the legs of thissweet lass of France.”在這位可愛的法國姑娘腿前放下我的武器。
△Rom.4.3.31(30):“when I am laid into the tomb，” 當(dāng)我被放進(jìn)墳?zāi)怪小?br/>2. put,place放，放置。
△H.VIII.1.1.83: “O,many /Have broke (= broken) their backs with laying man-ors on 'em / for this great journey.”啊，很多人為了這次大巡游，變賣莊園置辦行裝，把脊梁都壓斷了。
3. lay low,raze to the ground使倒下，夷平。
△1H.VI4.2.11: “Lean Famine,quartering steel,and climb-ing Fire,/ Who,in a moment,even with the earth /Shall lay your stately and air-braving towers.”赤地千里的饑荒，支解尸體的刀劍，以及熊熊燃燒的烈火，它們，在片刻之間，就能把你們那些堂皇富麗、高聳入云的高樓大廈夷為平地。
4.beat down,turn upside down打倒，推翻。
△3H.VI.3.3.8: “But now mischance hath trod my title down,/ And with dishonour laid me on the ground，”但是現(xiàn)在厄運(yùn)已經(jīng)踐踏了我的名號，把我打倒在地，使我蒙受恥辱。5. cause to sink,prevent from rising使得沉下，阻止升起。
△Lr.4.6.200 (195):“Why,this would make a man a man of salt / To use his eyes for garden water-pots,/Ay,and laying autumn's dust.”唉，這樣會(huì)使一個(gè)人變成一個(gè)淚人兒，用他的眼睛當(dāng)做灌園的噴水壺，去澆灑秋天的塵土。
6. put in confinement監(jiān)禁。
△Tw.4.2.34 (29):“they have laid me here in hideous darkness.”他們把我關(guān)在這個(gè)暗無天日的地方。
7. institute,contrive,plan制定，設(shè)計(jì)，計(jì)劃。
△1H.IV.2.1.57 (52):“thou layest the plot how.”計(jì)劃是你定下的。
△1H.VI.2.1.76:“To gather our soldiers,scattered and dispersed. / And lay new platforms to endamage them.”把我們潰散的士兵再集合起來，并制訂新的計(jì)劃打擊他們。
△1H.VI.2.3.4:“The plot is laid.”圈套已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)好了。
△3H.VI.1.1.152:“Plantagenet,for all the claim thou lay'st,/ Think not that Henry shall be so deposed.”普蘭塔琪奈特，不管你提出什么樣的權(quán)利，休想這樣就能使亨利王退位。
△R.III.1.1.32: “Plots have I laid，”我已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)了一些陰謀。
8.contrive,arrange in order to entrap設(shè)計(jì)，（為了陷害人而）安排。
△H.VIII.5.1.141 (140): “God and your Majesty / Protect mine innocence,or I fall into / The trap is (= which is) laid for me.”但愿上帝和陛下保護(hù)我的清白無辜，否則我只好跌進(jìn)別人為我設(shè)計(jì)好的陷阱里了。
△H.VIII.5.2.12(13): “for certain / This is of purpose laid by some that hate me，”這一定是有些恨我的人故意設(shè)計(jì)好的。
9. set with snares,fill with traps,lie in wait 布置羅網(wǎng)，充滿陷阱，設(shè)下埋伏。
△2H.VI.4.10.3(2):“These five days have I hid me in these woods and durst not peep out,for all the country is laid for me；”這五天來我一直藏在林子里，不敢往外看，因?yàn)槿珖冀o我布下了天羅地網(wǎng)。
10. impute把…轉(zhuǎn)嫁于。
△R.III.1. 3. 325 (324): “The secret mischiefs that I set abroach / I lay unto the grievous charge of others. ”i.e.The evil deeds whichI set on foot in secret I contrive to impute as a serious accusation against others. 我把由我自己暗中挑動(dòng)起來的壞事設(shè)法轉(zhuǎn)嫁成為別人的罪名。
11. bestow,confer把…給予，賦予。
△R.III.3.7.170(171):“On him I lay that (= what) you would lay onme.”你們所要給予我的東西，我要給予他。
12. place,apply放，運(yùn)用。
△Wiv.2.2.6: “l(fā)ay mycountenance to pawn.”拿我的名譽(yù)作保證。
13. apply使用，敷，搽。
△Ham.3.4.145:“Lay not thatflattering unction to your soul，”請不要在你的心靈上涂抹自慰的藥膏。
14. deliver發(fā)表。
△Oth.1.3.199:“Let me speak like yourself,and lay a sentence，”讓我也像你一樣說幾句話，說句格言。
15. stake,wager,hazard拿…打賭，押下（賭注），拿…冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
△Tw. 3. 4. 225 (202):“And laid mine honour toounchary on't. ”過于隨便地把我的名譽(yù)押為賭注。(又譯：太魯莽地拿我的名譽(yù)孤注一擲。)
△L.L.L.1.1.306 (308):“I'lllay my head to any good man's hat，”我愿意用我的頭去和無論哪一個(gè)人的帽子打賭。
△Mer.3.5.86 (80): “And on the wager lay two earthly women，”拿世間的兩位美女來做賭注。
△Rom. 1.3.12 (13):“I'll lay fourteen of my teeth”，我可以用我的十四顆牙齒打賭。
△H.V.4.1.245(225):“Indeed the French may lay twenty Frenchcrowns to one they will beat us，”i.e. ?The Frenchmay wager twenty French gold coins to one on theirvictory;
?The French soldiers outnumber the Englishtwenty to one. 的確，法國人可以拿二十比一的法國“大頭”來打賭，說他們 一定能打敗我們。
16.?put to rest in the grave送入墳?zāi)归L眠。
?flatten by storm （因暴風(fēng)雨而）使倒伏。
△3H.VI. 5.7.21: “I’ll blast his harvest,if your head were laid ；” 一旦你倒頭死去(雙關(guān)：麥穗頭倒伏)，我就要把他（小王子）的收獲摧毀。
Phrases:
lay aboard: place one’s ship alongside another for an attack,attack at close quarters by laying one’s ship alongside another靠上他的船準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)攻，靠上他的船進(jìn)行肉搏攻擊。
△2H.VI.4.1.25:“I lost mine eye in laying the prize aboard，”(prize: prize vessel.)我在上這艘俘虜船進(jìn)攻時(shí)丟掉了一只眼睛。
lay apart: ?lay aside把…放在一邊。
△H.V.3.7.40(37):“and for the world,familiar to us and unknown, to lay apart their particular functions and wonder at him.”所有的世人，無論是我們所熟識的或陌生的，也都要放下他們各自的活計(jì)而對它感到驚奇。
?put away,renounce拋棄，放棄。
△As.4.3.45 (44): “Why,thy godheadlaid apart,/ Warr’st thou with a woman’s heart?”你為什么拋開神圣的法相，來虐弄一個(gè)女人的心腸。
△H.V.2.4.78: “That you divest yourself,and lay apart / Theborrowed glories，”你自行解除并放棄你那些借去的榮銜。lay by: ?put aside or away把…放在一邊，把…收起來。
△Oth.4.3. 48:“Lay by these—”把這些收起來。(按：可能指一些珠寶首飾。)
?put aside or away把…放在一邊，拋棄。
△H.V.1.2.276:“For that I have laid by my maj-esty，”為了這個(gè)目的，我過去曾經(jīng)拋棄了自己的威儀。
?(highwayman’s cry to the victims) hands up! standand deliver! hand over (your money)! （強(qiáng)盜的叫喊）舉起手來！ 站住，交出來！ 交出（錢）來！
△1H.IV.1.2.40 (35):“got with swearing ‘Lay by’ and spent with crying‘Bring in’；”得來時(shí)吆喝一聲“交出來”，花掉時(shí)喊叫一聲“端過來”。
lay by the heels: put …in fetters,put …in the stocks給…戴上腳鐐，把…放進(jìn)腳枷。
△H.VIII. 5.4.84 (53.78): “If the King blame me for ’t(= it),I’ll lay ye all / By the heels,and suddenly；”如果國王為了這事而怪罪我，我就要立刻把你們放進(jìn)腳枷。
lay down: ?settle,decide; calculate確定，決定；（又解）計(jì)算。
△H.V.1.2.136:“We must not only arm to invade the French,/ But lay down our proportions to defend / Against the Scot，”我們不能只派兵去侵犯法國，還得酌量留一部分兵力防備蘇格蘭人。
?estimate,formulate估計(jì)，構(gòu)想出。
△2H.IV.1.3.34:“it never yet did hurt / To lay down likelihoods and forms of hope.”對于種種可能性和希望中的事物進(jìn)行一番估計(jì)總不見得會(huì)有什么害處。
?formulate,prescribe,describe 構(gòu)想出，規(guī)定，描繪。
△Ado.4.1.237 (235): “in better shape / Than I can
lay it down in likelihood .”比我在猜想之中所能描繪的還要美滿。
?seduce,make pregnant勾引，使懷孕。
△H.VIII.1.3.39:“the sly whoresons / Have got a speeding trick to lay down ladies.”那些婊子養(yǎng)的滑頭家伙對于勾引婦女倒真有一套有效本領(lǐng)。
lay forth: lay out for burial擺好（遺體）準(zhǔn)備殯葬。
△H.VIII.4.2.171 (170): “Embalm me,/ Then lay me forth.”給我身體涂上香膏，然后出殯。lay home: tax thoroughly痛責(zé)。
△Ham.3.4.1:“Hewill come straight,Look you lay home to him.” i.e.tax him thoroughly.你立刻就來。你要好好教訓(xùn)他一頓。lay it to the heart: take it into serious consideration,consider it; think about it in secret對它認(rèn)真考慮，對它考慮考慮；悄悄對它想想。
△Mac.1.5.15(13):“Lay it tothy heart,and farewell.”把它放在你的心里，再會(huì)。
lay knife aboard: board the ship as a pirate,capture by force,i.e.press one’s claim（像海盜一樣）攻上船只，強(qiáng)行俘獲，（轉(zhuǎn)義）把要求強(qiáng)加于人。
△Rom.2.4.215 (201):“there is a nobleman in town,one Paris,that would fain lay knife aboard，”i.e.would gladly have her for himself.城里有一位貴族，一位叫帕里斯的，他巴不得把她搶到手。
lay on: ?apply a coat of (paint)（以顏料）涂染。
△Tw.1.5.259 (239):“whose red and white /Nature’s own sweet and cunning hand laid on.”那紅紅白白都是造化親自用可愛的巧手涂染的。
?attribute …to把…歸因于…
△R.III. 1.3.97 (96): “And lay those honours on your high desert.”把那些榮譽(yù)歸因于你功高應(yīng)得。
?bet on以…打賭。
△Shr.5.2.130 (129):“l(fā)aying on my duty”，拿我的服從來打賭。
?lay on blows,deal blows給予打擊，猛打。
△H.V. 5.2.146 (141): “I could lay on like a butcher，”我能像一個(gè)兇殘的屠夫那樣往死處猛打。
?come and fight,hit hard來打吧，狠打。
△Mac.5.7. 62 (5.8.33): “Lay on,Macduff,/ And damned be him that first cries，‘Hold,enough!’”來吧，麥克德夫，誰先喊“住手，夠了！”就讓他下地獄！
lay on with a trowel:(literally) apply a thick coat of plaster,etc. lay too heavy a mass of big words upon a light subject （本義）用泥刀涂抹厚厚的灰泥等；（轉(zhuǎn)義）在小題目上夸大其詞，用語堆砌。
△As.1.2.113 (106): “Well said—that was laid on with a trowel.”說得好，極盡堆砌之能事了。
lay open: ?disclose,display,show透露，顯示，說明。
△R.III.3.7.15:“Laid open all your victories in Scotland，”(Richard had commanded the English forces in the Scottish expedition of 1482,and had advanced as far as Edinburgh.)還說明了你在蘇格蘭的那些勝利。
?reveal,expose揭示，揭露。
△1H.IV.2.3.36(31): “and lay open all our proceedings.”把我們進(jìn)行的事情都揭露出來。
lay out: ?spend freely,disburse,pay out of your own pocket,i.e. pay for it yourself先拿自己的錢墊著。
?pay it out of expenses,spend freely從經(jīng)費(fèi)中支付，隨便花。
△1H.IV.4.2.5: “Lay out,lay out.”你先墊著吧，你先墊著吧。（又譯）由公款支付，隨便花。
lay to one’s charge: accuse one of doing指控…犯了…罪。
△Ado.5.1.232 (222): “and to conclude,whatyou lay to their charge?”總而言之，你控告他們犯了什么罪？ lay up: ?put away,pack away收起，收藏。ill laid up: carelessly packed away or not properly folded,i.e.full of wrinkles馬馬虎虎收藏起來（的），沒有好好折疊（的）,（意即）皺皺巴巴的。
△2H.IV. 5.1.93 (84):“O,youshall see him laugh till his face be like a wet cloak ill