| 釋義 |
naturen.
1. human race 人類。
△ Lr.1.2.116 (104):“Though the wisdom of nature can reason it thus andthus,yet nature finds itself scourged by the sequenteffects.”雖然科學(xué)對這個(gè)可以如此這般地解釋.但是隨后發(fā)生的事情卻使人類遭受到懲罰。
2. human being人。
△Lr.3.4.69 (70):“nothing couldhave subdued nature / To such a lowness but his unkind daughters.”除了他那些忤逆的女兒們之外，沒有什么能把人貶低到如此卑賤的地步。
3. natural life. vitality,vital functions 生命，生命力，生命機(jī)能。
△Mac.2.2. 7 (6): “I have drugged theirpossets,/ That death and nature do contend aboutthem,/ Whether they live or die. ”i.e.death and life argue over them. as to whether they are alive ordead. 我在他們的乳酒里下了藥，他們正在掙扎著，簡直不知是死是活了。
△Mac.2.3.120(113): “And his gashed stabslooked like a breach in nature”，他那一道道刀傷就像是生命打開了缺口。
△Mac.3.4.28 (27):“The least a deathto nature.”最小的一道（裂口）也足以要命。
△Mac.3.4.141 (140):“You lack the season of all natures,sleep.”i.e. You lack sleep. which preserves life and keeps itfresh. 你缺乏生命的防護(hù)劑.睡眠。
△Lr.2.4.148 (146):“O sir,you are old,/ Nature in you stands on the ver-y verge/Of his confine.”啊，大人，你老了；你的生命已經(jīng)快到了盡頭。(按： his一詞又作her. 意思相同，均指Nature inyou.)
4. human life人生。
△Tw.3.4. 403 (367):“In naturethere’s no blemish but the mind；”人生沒有缺憾.除了心地不良。
△Ham. 1.3.7:“A violet in the youth of primynature.”i.e. human nature in the springtime. (Vio-lets are flowers which bloom in North Europe in early spring.)人生早春時(shí)期的一朵紫羅蘭。
△Ham.1.3.11:“For nature,crescent,does not grow alone / In thewsand bulk.” 因?yàn)槿嗽诔砷L中并不只是增長肌肉和身軀。
△Ham. 1.2.73: “Passing through nature to eterni-ty.”誰都得通過人世跨進(jìn)永恒。
5.?human life人生。
?temporary existence in thenatural world,natural existence生存。
△Lr.2.4.269(266):“Allow not nature more than nature needs,/Man’s life is cheap as beast’s.”如果你不許人生超過生存的最低需要，那么人命也就和畜生一般低賤了。
6. life一生。
△Ham.1.5.12:“my days of nature”，i.e.my lifetime. 我的一生。
7. human nature人性。
△Lr.4.6. 210 (205): “Thou hast one daughter / Who redeems nature from the general curse / Which twain have brought her to.”你有一個(gè)女兒，她把人性從你另外兩個(gè)女兒所招致的普遍詛咒中贖救出來了。
△Mac.2.1.7:“Merciful powers,/Restrainin me the cursed thoughts that nature / Gives way toin repose!” (cursed thoughts: unholy visions,evildreams. Banquo is praying against being tempted toencourage thoughts of guilt even in his sleep.)慈悲的眾神.克制那些人性中難免的罪惡思想.不要讓它們進(jìn)入我的睡夢之中！
△Mac.4.3.66:“Boundless intemperance / Innature is a tyranny；” i.e.Absence of self-control islike a tyranny over man’s nature. 無限的放縱的確是對人性施加的暴政。
8. natural disposition天性。
△Lr.1.2.1:“Thou. Nature,art my goddess.”你啊，天性，才是我的女神。
△Rom.4.5.82:“For though fond nature bids us all lament,/Yet nature’s tears are reason’s merriment.”i.e. ournatural tears make reason laugh. 因?yàn)殡m然愚癡的天性叫我們哀悼，但是在理智眼中，這些天性的眼淚卻是可笑的。
9. physical and moral constitution of man （人的）身體與心理結(jié)構(gòu)，（人的）身心。
△Lr.3.6.106 (97): “Oppressed nature sleeps.”受壓抑的身心睡著了。
10. bodily constitution體格。
△ Lr.2.4.109(108):“When nature,being oppressed,commands the mind / To suffer with the body.”身體受到病痛的壓迫，使精神也陪著身體受苦。
△Lr.3.4.2:“The tyranny of the open night’s too rough / For nature to endure.”荒野的夜晚這樣狂暴地肆虐，凡是血肉之軀誰也受不了。
11. inborn mind心靈
△Lr.4.7.15 (14): “Cure this great breach in his abused nature.”醫(yī)治他那受虐待的心靈中的巨大創(chuàng)傷吧。
12. disposition性情。
△Lr.1.1.174 (171):“Which nor our nature nor our place can bear，”這個(gè)，以我的性情和地位都難以容忍。
13. personal character個(gè)人性格。
△Lr.2.1.117 (115):“Natures of such deep trust we shall much need；”我們很需要像你這樣可靠的品性。
△Oth.4.1.276 (265): “Is this the nature / Whom passion could not shake?”這就是情感所不能震憾的性格嗎？
△H.VIII.1.1.108: “You know his nature,/ That he’s revengeful；”你知道他的個(gè)性是睚眥必報(bào)的。
14. natural bond of kinship,i.e. natural relationship between parent and child天然親屬關(guān)系，（指）父母與子女之間的血統(tǒng)關(guān)系。
△Lr.1.1.55 (53):“Where nature doth with merit challenge?”看看誰在親子關(guān)系中最配享有（我的恩惠）?
15. natural feeling or affection天生的感情。
△2H.IV.4.5.38 (39):“ Which nature.love,and filialtenderness/Shall,O dear father,pay thee plenteously.”這些，啊，親愛的父親，是出于天性、敬愛和孝心所一定要大量地付給你的。
△H.V.3.1.8:“Disguise fair nature with hard-favoured rage；”用面貌兇惡的狂怒把善良的天然感情掩蓋起來。
△1H.VI.3.3. 58:“Either she hath bewitchedme with her words. / Or nature makes me suddenly relent.”如果不是她的言語迷惑了我，就是天然的愛國之情使我突然心軟了。
△3H.VI. 5. 1. 78:“With whom an upright zeal to right prevails / More than the nature of abrother’s love.”在他，對于正義事業(yè)的正直熱忱戰(zhàn)勝了兄弟之愛的天生感情。
△Mac.1. 5.46 (45):“compunctious visitings of nature”，i.e.natural feelings of kindness which will prick the conscience. 出自天性的良心不安。
16. natural feelings,personal feelings天生的感情，個(gè)人感情。
△Ham.5.2.244 (230):“What I have done / Thatmight your nature,honour,and exception / Roughlyawake,I here proclaim was madness.”我的所作所為，如有傷害你的感情和榮譽(yù)，激起你的憎恨的，我聲明都是發(fā)瘋造成的。
△Ham.5.2.258 (244): “I am satisfied in nature，”i.e.I am satisfied so far as my natural feelings areconcerned. 我在感情上得到了滿足。
17. natural affection between parent and child父母與子女之間的天生感情。
△Lr.3.5.3(2):“that nature thusgives way to loyalty，” 為了忠心，這樣不顧父子的常情
△Ham.1.5.81:“If thou hast nature in thee,bear itnot.”你若是還有骨肉之情，就不要容忍。
18. parental affection父母（對子女）的慈愛。
△Lr.1.2123(110):“The King falls from bias of nature; there'sfather against child.”國王違反了他的慈愛本性；這是父親對孩子不好。
19. natural affection,i.e. filial feeling天然感情，（指）孝心。
△Ham.3.2. 418 (393):“O heart,lose not thy na-ture! let not ever / The soul of Nero enter this firmbosom，”啊，心哪，不要失去你的天生的骨肉之情，不要讓尼祿的靈魂鉆進(jìn)我這堅(jiān)定的胸懷。
△Ham.4.5.160 (162): “Na-ture is fine in love.” 人的孝心在深情中最是敏銳。
△Lr.3.7.86:“Edmund,enkindle all the sparks of nature，”愛德蒙，點(diǎn)燃起孝心的火花。
20. quality品質(zhì)。
△Ham.5.2.60: “' Tis dangerouswhen the baser nature comes / Between the pass andfell incensed points / Of mighty opposites.”兩個(gè)強(qiáng)敵正在刀來劍往、殘酷廝殺的時(shí)候，賤骨頭不識相，偏要插進(jìn)來，自然是危險(xiǎn)不過的。
△2H.IV.3.1.80:“There is a history in allmen’s lives,/ Figuring the nature of the times de-ceased，”在所有人的一生當(dāng)中都經(jīng)歷過一段歷史，它能顯示出以往時(shí)代事物的性質(zhì)。(按： nature又作natures = charac-ters. 人物。據(jù)此，這里又可譯為：它能揭示出過去時(shí)代的種種人物。)
△R.III.1.2.144 (143): “The self-same name,but one of better nature.” 同一個(gè)姓氏，但這一個(gè)品質(zhì)卻比他更好。
21. kind,sort種，類。
△As.3.1.16: “officers of sucha nature”，i.e. officers such as execute duties of thekind. 專管這種事務(wù)的官吏。
22. natural impulse,natural sexual appetite天然沖動，天生性欲。
△Lr.1.2.11:“in the lusty stealth of nature.”i.e.in the secret enjoyment of natural sexual appe-tite. 在興致勃勃的偷情幽會之中。
23. ?the natural order of things天意。
?natural af-fection,i.e.a father's love親子之情。
△Com.1.1.34:“wrought by nature”. 由天意造成。(又譯：由親子之情所引起。) |