月球
the moon
～探測(cè)器進(jìn)入軌道。The lunar probe has reached the orbit./～探測(cè)工程lunar exploration program/中國(guó)～探測(cè)工程Chinese Lunar Exploration Program (CLEP)/～軌道（探測(cè)）衛(wèi)星lunar orbiter(probe)/～探測(cè)器lunar probe;lunar orbiter(后者指軌道器，范圍更大)
相關(guān)詞匯
嫦娥一號(hào)衛(wèi)星Chang’e I Lunar Satellite
中國(guó)國(guó)家航天局China National Space Administration (CNSA)
國(guó)防科學(xué)技術(shù)工業(yè)委員會(huì)（國(guó)防科工委） Commission of Science,Technology and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND)
中國(guó)航天科技集團(tuán)公司China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC)
北京航天飛行控制中心Beijing Aerospace Control Center (BACC)
中國(guó)空間技術(shù)研究院China Academy of Space Technology (CAST)
中國(guó)運(yùn)載火箭技術(shù)研究院China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT)
長(zhǎng)征三號(hào)甲運(yùn)載火箭Long March (LM)3A launch vehicle(carrier rocket)
衛(wèi)星進(jìn)入周期為12小時(shí)、近月點(diǎn)210千米、遠(yuǎn)月點(diǎn)8600千米的月球橢圓軌道。The orbiter traveled along a 12-hour elliptical moon orbit,with a perilune—the point in a lunar orbit that is nearest to the moon—of about 210 km and an apolune—the point in a lunar orbit that is farthest from the moon—of about 8600 km.
探測(cè)器進(jìn)入月球軌道后，必須作幾次制動(dòng)，才能成功被月球引力所捕獲，成為繞月衛(wèi)星。制動(dòng)過(guò)早，衛(wèi)星會(huì)飛離月球，制動(dòng)過(guò)晚，就會(huì)與月球相撞。After the probe enters the moon’s orbit,it will brake several times so that it will be captured by lunar gravity and become a real circumlunar satellite. It would fly away from the moon if the braking is too early,or crash into the moon if the braking is too late.
第三次近月制動(dòng)將衛(wèi)星的速度減至每分鐘1.59千米、軌道調(diào)整為周期127分鐘的極月圓軌道。The third braking further slowed the probe’s speed to 1.59 km.per second to enter a 127-minute round polar circular orbit.
經(jīng)過(guò)326個(gè)小時(shí)、總距離約180萬(wàn)千米的長(zhǎng)途飛行和四次變軌、一次軌道調(diào)整和三次制動(dòng)后，衛(wèi)星成功進(jìn)入月球的“工作軌道”。After completing a 326-hour long journey of some 1.80 million kilometers,four orbital transfers,one orbital correction and three brakings,the satellite successfully entered the moon’s “working orbit”.
科學(xué)目標(biāo)：獲取月球表面三維影像，分析月球表面有用元素及物質(zhì)類型的含量和分布，探測(cè)月球風(fēng)化層特性，探測(cè)40萬(wàn)千米間的地月空間環(huán)境。The scientific objectives include:to acquire 3-D images of lunar surface;to analyze abundance and distribution of elements on lunar surface; to investigate characteristics of lunar regolith; and to explore space environment between the Earth and the Moon.
衛(wèi)星的繞、落、回lunar orbiting,lunar landing and sample return
有效載荷payloads
觀察裝置observation instruments
光學(xué)成像探測(cè)系統(tǒng)optical imaging system
CCD相機(jī)CCD stereo camera
干涉成像光譜儀interferometer spectrometer image
激光高度計(jì)laser altimeter
γ射線譜儀gamma-ray spectrometer
微波輻射儀microwave sounder
空間環(huán)境探測(cè)儀space environment detector
太陽(yáng)高能粒子探測(cè)器high-energy solar particle detector
低能離子探測(cè)器low-energy ion detector
發(fā)射區(qū)launch site
發(fā)射臺(tái)launch pad
發(fā)射窗口launch window
發(fā)射前的最后測(cè)試pre-launch tests
發(fā)射升空take-off;lift-off;blast-off
點(diǎn)火ignition
測(cè)控telemetry,tracking and command(TT&C)
星箭分離separation of the satellite from the launch vehicle
近地點(diǎn)perigee
遠(yuǎn)地點(diǎn)apogee
近月點(diǎn)perilune
遠(yuǎn)月點(diǎn)apolune
變軌orbital transfer;maneuver
偏離軌道deviate from the orbit;veer off cource
地月轉(zhuǎn)移軌道Earth-Moon transfer orbit
極軌道polar orbit
收集月球表面數(shù)據(jù)collect lunar surface data
拍攝和傳送地球照片capture and relay pictures of Earth
地形和地表結(jié)構(gòu)topographical and surface structures
磁尾magnetotail
甚長(zhǎng)底線干涉量度法very long baseline interferometry(VLBI)
下引線數(shù)據(jù)接收downlink data reception