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v(1)瞄準(zhǔn)(point or direct (a weapon，blow，missile，shot，etc) towards an object，esp with the intention of shooting or hitting it)[I，I+prep(at)，T+n， T+n+prep(at)]：He～ed and fired.他瞄準(zhǔn)然后射擊?！玸traight/carefully 瞄直/用心瞄準(zhǔn);He～ed at me but missed.他瞄準(zhǔn)我，但沒有打中?！?a gun/a rifle/a rocket) at the target(將槍/步槍/火箭)瞄準(zhǔn)目標(biāo);～(a stone/a blow/one's punch) at a person('s head)(把石頭/打擊/拳頭)對準(zhǔn)一個人(的頭);〖同〗point，direct;

(2)針對，指向(direct (a remark，a comment，criticism，etc) at sb)[T+n+prep(at)]：My remarks/speech were (was) not～d at you.我的話/講話不是針對你的?！玜 satire at snobbery 寫一篇諷刺諂上欺下的作品;

(3)志(旨)在(direct one's efforts in the specified direction)[I，I+prep(at/for)]：～high 雄心勃勃;～at a scholarship/success/independence/a free state/increased exports 志在(獲得)獎學(xué)金/(取得)成功/(獲取)獨(dú)立/(建立)一個自由的國家/增加出口;This book～s at the approval of the intelligentsia.本書旨在得到知識界的認(rèn)可?！玣or the presidency/a directorship/the top of one's profession/a good solid job/the best results 旨在(取得)總統(tǒng)職位/(擔(dān)任)董事/(達(dá)到)本專業(yè)的最高水平/(得到)一份穩(wěn)定的好工作/(獲得)最佳結(jié)果;

(4)打算，企圖(plan，intend or try to do sth)[I+prep(at)，I+to-inf]：What do you～at doing/to do? 你打算干什么?～at finishing a book/improving one's invention/secur-ing mass support 打算寫完書/改進(jìn)發(fā)明/得到群眾的支持;This book～s at giving a general outline of the subject.本書旨在概括地論述一下這個題目?！玹o finish a book/to be a writer/to be visiting sb soon 打算寫完書/成為作家/很快拜訪某人;I shall～to be brief.我將盡量言簡意賅?！纪絫ry，strive，intend，mean，attempt;

n(1)瞄準(zhǔn)(act of or skill at pointing or direct-ing a weapon，missile，blow，shot at a target with the intention of trying to shoot or hit it)[U]：take careful/good～at the target 用心/準(zhǔn)確瞄準(zhǔn)目標(biāo);take～at a lion 瞄準(zhǔn)獅子;His～was poor/good/excellent/accurate/deadly.他瞄得很不準(zhǔn)/很準(zhǔn)/極準(zhǔn)/很準(zhǔn)/正對要害。The gunner's～was on target.炮手瞄準(zhǔn)了目標(biāo)。miss one's～沒瞄準(zhǔn); lean against a tree to steady one's～靠在樹上以便能穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地瞄準(zhǔn);

(2)所指(directing of words at sb/sth，sometimes with the purpose of being critical or rude)[U]：What was the～of the remark? 這話指的是什么? Her～was good and the man was soon ashamed of himself.她的話切中要害，那人很快就羞愧難當(dāng)了。

(3)目標(biāo)(的)，打算(what a person intends to do;goal;purpose;intention)[C]：What is his(main)～in life/in working hard? 他生活/努力工作的(主要)目的是什么?They have similar～s.他們的目標(biāo)相似。the true～s of the war 那場戰(zhàn)爭的真正目的;realize an～實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo);His～was to become prime minister/going to France to improve his French/the education of the people.他的目標(biāo)是當(dāng)首相/去法國提高法語水平/使人民受到教育。It's his～to make money.賺錢是他的目的。go to Venice with the～of seeing sights 去威尼斯觀光;〖同〗goal，end，object，ambition，intention;

→′aimless adj 無目標(biāo)的;′aimlessly adv 無目標(biāo)地;′aimlessness n 漫無目的;

【用法】aim后接不定式主要是AmE用法，BrE中為新用法，已逐漸普遍，但尚未被公認(rèn)。

【辨異】aim與goal、end和object¹ 都可表示“目的”。aim是最常用語，指一心追求的、較近的目的;goal為最終目的;end強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過努力所達(dá)到的目的;object強(qiáng)調(diào)全力以赴的目的。