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詞匯 alarm
釋義
alarm/ ?′lɑ:m, AmE -′lɑ:rm/ n & vt

n(1)警報(bào)(warning of approaching danger)[C]:give/raise/sound the~發(fā)警報(bào);There were no~s during the night.夜里沒響警報(bào)。a fire~火警;a false~假警報(bào);虛驚;evacuate a building at the first~一聽到警報(bào)就撤離大樓;an~clock/system 鬧表/警報(bào)系統(tǒng);〖同〗warning;

(2)警報(bào)器(鈴,鐘)(any apparatus that gives a warning of danger)[C]:Where's the fire/burglar~? 火警/防盜報(bào)警器在哪兒? The~went off.報(bào)警器響起來(lái)了。

(3)鬧鐘(clock that can be set to make a noise so as to wake a person at a particular time)[C]:set the~(or~clock) at five把鬧鐘對(duì)在5點(diǎn)上;

(4)驚慌(恐)(sudden feeling of fear and anxiety caused by a sense of danger)[U]:take/feel~at sth 因……吃驚;jump up/look round/run/ask in~驚恐地跳起來(lái)/環(huán)顧四周/跑/問(wèn);fill sb with~使某人驚恐不安;share sb's~與某人一起吃驚;respond with~to the news 聽到那消息的反應(yīng)是驚恐不安;There's no cause for~.毫無(wú)驚慌的理由。〖同〗fear,fright,panic,terror,horror;〖反〗calmness,coolness;

vt(1)使驚慌(恐懼),驚嚇(make sb suddenly afraid and anxious)[T+n]:The noise of shot/sight of smoke/idea~ed him.槍聲/煙火的景象/那想法使他嚇了一跳。Even little things/The least sound~s the old lady.即使是小事情/一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)小聲音也會(huì)嚇著那老太太。be~ed at the news/by a sudden outbreak of the disease/(to hear) that sb is leaving 對(duì)那消息/由于疾病的突然發(fā)作/因(聽說(shuō))某人要走了而感到驚慌;〖同〗frighten,scare,terrify;〖反〗calm;

(2)使警覺(give a warning of danger to)[T+n];

→ a′larming adj 使人驚恐不安的;a′larmingly adv 驚人地;a′larmist n 神經(jīng)質(zhì)的人;

【辨異】1)名詞feardreadalarm、frightpanic、terrorhorror都表示因面臨危險(xiǎn)和災(zāi)難等而產(chǎn)生的懼怕感情。fear(害怕)最常用,程度最輕,指對(duì)所經(jīng)歷的、引起懼怕的事物的態(tài)度,可以是輕微的擔(dān)心或膽小,也可是較強(qiáng)烈的懼怕,如:fear of falling(害怕掉下去);dread(恐懼)指對(duì)預(yù)料要發(fā)生的、與其說(shuō)可怕倒不如說(shuō)討厭的事情的態(tài)度,如:have a dread of hospitals(懼怕醫(yī)院);alarm比f(wàn)ear語(yǔ)體色彩較正式,但幾乎和fear一樣,可指輕微的不安,也可指較強(qiáng)的懼怕,指對(duì)迫近的危險(xiǎn)的情緒反應(yīng)(驚慌),如:start up in alarm(驚跳起來(lái));其他四詞都表示面臨危險(xiǎn)和災(zāi)難時(shí)的極度害怕。fright(驚恐)指感到具體的外部威脅時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的短時(shí)間的突然驚嚇,如:a spasm of fright(一陣驚恐);panic(恐慌)指無(wú)法控制的、不理智的、毫無(wú)根據(jù)的突然驚嚇(尤指群體中者),可能持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,如:be in a panic(處于恐慌之中);terror(驚恐)指出于對(duì)意想中的或未來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)的強(qiáng)烈害怕,持續(xù)的時(shí)間較長(zhǎng),如:frozen with terror(嚇呆了);horror(恐怖)指對(duì)災(zāi)難性危險(xiǎn)的驚恐,如:recoil in horror(嚇得退縮)。2)動(dòng)詞alarmfrighten、scare terrify都表示使人產(chǎn)生恐懼心理。alarm表示意識(shí)到逼近的危險(xiǎn)時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的“驚慌”,如:alarm sb by a scream(用尖叫聲使某人驚嚇);frighten(使驚嚇)表示對(duì)人身傷害所產(chǎn)生的短時(shí)間即逝的突然驚嚇,如:frighten sb by a sudden noise(用突然的響聲把某人嚇了一跳);scare(使驚嚇)指使人嚇得到了失去沉著、不顧尊嚴(yán)的程度,如:scare a child so that he cries(把孩子嚇哭);terrify(使恐怖)是使人受到猛烈的、勢(shì)不可擋的驚嚇,可譯作“嚇倒”,“嚇壞”,程度最重,如:be terrified by the sight of a lion(看見一頭獅子嚇壞了)。

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更新時(shí)間:2026/5/15 0:23:52