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v (1)打，敲，擊(hit or strike repeatedly， esp with a stick) [I+prep， T+n， T+n+prep， C+n+adj]：～at/on the door 敲門;～a carpet/a dog/a ball抽打地毯/打狗/擊球;～the dust out of the carpet把地毯里的灰塵敲打出來;～sb to death/into submission把……打死/服;～sb unconscious/black and blue 把……打得失去知覺/青一塊紫一塊;〖同〗hit，strike，knock，tap，bang;

(2)打成形(shape or flatten (esp metal) by hitting) [T+n+prep， T+n+adv， C+n+adj]：～the gold into fine strips把金子打成細條;beautiful～en silver/copper 打成形的漂亮銀器/銅器;The Eskimos～the copper into spearheads.愛斯基摩人把銅打成矛的頭?！玬etal flat 把金屬打平;

(3) 毆打 (punish by hitting) [T+n]：We don't～children/wives nowadays.如今我們不打孩子/老婆了。The disobedient boy was～en for misbehaviour.那不聽話的孩子因為行為不端而挨打?！玸b soundly with fits and clubs用拳頭和棍棒狠揍某人;～sb up 毒打某人;

(4) 敲打;照射((of the rain， sun， wind， etc)strike forcefully and repeatedly) [I+prep(against/on)]：The rain～down hard.雨劈劈啪啪地落下來。Hailstones were～ing against the roof.雹子敲打著屋頂。The waves were～ing on the shore.浪拍擊著海岸。The rain(snow)was～ing against the window/into his face.雨(雪)敲打著窗戶/刮到他臉上。The storm waves～against the coast. 暴風雨激起的海浪擊拍著海岸。The sun～down all day long there.那里整天烈日當空。The noonday sun～down on his aching body.中午的太陽曬得他渾身疼。

(5) 攪拌 (mix sth vigorously and thoroughly with a fork， spoon or whisk) [T+n， T+n+prep， T+n+adv (up)]：～the cake mixture攪拌做蛋糕用的混合料;～the egg whites 把蛋白攪開;～the yolks and whites separately分別把蛋黃和蛋白攪拌好;～the eggs (to a frothy consistency)把蛋打散(成黏稠狀);～the eggs (up)把蛋打散;～the flour and milk together把面粉和牛奶攪勻;〖同〗mix，whip;

(6)(有節(jié)奏地)跳動;敲;拍 (hit or (cause to) move rhythmically or repeatedly)[I，T+n]：His heart is～ing fast/violently/with excitement.他的心跳得很快/劇烈地跳動/興奮地跳動。His heart is still～ing.他的心還在跳著。We heard the drums～ing.我們聽見鼓鳴。The car's windshield wiper～s a steady rhythm.汽車的雨刷子有節(jié)奏地響著?！玜 drum 敲鼓;The bird～s its wings rapidly/against the air. 那鳥迅速地振翅飛翔/鼓動著雙翅。The bird's wings were～ing rapidly.那鳥的翅膀在迅速地扇動著。 The conductor～s time for an orchestra.指揮在給樂隊打拍子?！纪絧ulse，pound;

(7) 開路 (make or forge one's way by hitting or treading over) [T+n， T+n+prep]：～a path (one's way) through the undergrowth/out of a thick forest/across the wilderness在灌木叢中/穿過茂密的森林/通過荒野開出一條路來;a well-～en path 日久踩成的小路;

(8) 擊敗，戰(zhàn)勝 (defeat; win against; do better than sb) [T+n，T+n+prep (at)]：～the enemy/one's competitors/one's opponent/the other teams打敗敵人/對手/對手/別的隊;～sb at golf/chess/tennis/squash打高爾夫球/下棋/打網球/打壁球贏了某人;～sb in a contest在比賽中擊敗某人;Tortoise can～hares sometimes.烏龜有時可以擊敗兔子。Germany was finally～en.德國終于被擊敗了。He's going to be a tough candidate to～.他會是一個不容易打敗的候選人。〖同〗defeat，conquer;〖反〗lose;

(9) 勝過，優(yōu)于 (be better than sth; surpass or be superior to) [T+n]：～the (speed/world/sb's) record 打破(速度/世界/某人的)記錄;～sb by a yard 比某人快一碼而取勝;Nothing～s home cooking.什么也不如家里的飯食好吃?！獻talian clothes好過意大利服裝;The story～s everything (I've ever heard).那故事是(我聽過的故事中)最精彩的。Riding～s walking.乘車比步行快。

(10) 難住(倒) (be too difficult for sb; puzzle sb) [T+n] (infml)：The problem (difficulty) has～en him/has got him～en.那個問題(難題)把他難倒了。a problem that～s even the experts一個甚至能難倒專家的問題;It～s me how you can walk so fast.我搞不明白你怎么能走這么快。What～s me is where they got the money from.我迷惑不解的是他們從哪兒弄到的錢。

(11) 擊打(樹叢)以趕出獵物(strike (bushes， undergrowth， etc) to force game into the open for shooting) [I，T+n]：They were～ing the bushes for pheasants.他們在抽打灌木叢以趕出山雞。

beat about/AmE around the bush 東拉西扯，兜圈子，不著正題：Stop～ing about the bush and come to the point.不要兜圈子，談正題吧。

beat a (hasty) retreat 急忙走開(溜之大吉)：The cat～a hasty retreat when he saw the dog coming. 貓看見狗來了，連忙跑開。

beat time (to sth) 打拍子：He～time to the music with his finger/his foot/his baton.他用手指/腳/指揮棒跟著樂曲打拍子。

beat down (v adv) 1) 使減價 (vt)：He asked ￡5 for the hat， but I～him/the price down to ￡4.那頂帽子他要價五英鎊，可我把價錢壓到四英鎊。 2) 打壞 (vt)：The wheat had been～en down by the rain. 麥子讓雨打壞了。

beat out (v adv) 1) 敲出(樂曲) (vt)：～out a tune/one's folk music擊打出一支曲子/自己的民族音樂; 2) 撲滅 (vt)：～the flames/fire out把火焰/火撲滅;

→′beating n 責打;輸;′beaten adj (金屬)打成形的;被打敗的;′beater n 敲打(攪拌)的器具(人);

n (1) (一次)敲擊;有規(guī)律的連續(xù)敲擊;敲擊聲 (single stroke or regular sequence of strokes; sound of this) [C]：hear the～of a drum/one's heart/marching feet/galloping hoofs 聽見鼓聲/自己的心跳聲/行進的腳步聲/疾馳的馬蹄聲;one～of the drum every 60 seconds 每60秒擊鼓一下;〖同〗blow，stroke，strike，hit;

(2) 節(jié)拍，拍子 (time in music or poetry) [C]：The music had the familiar～of a waltz.這曲子的節(jié)奏很像華爾茲。the～of a song 一首歌的節(jié)拍;follow the～跟著節(jié)拍;miss a～漏了一拍;There are four～s in this measure.這一節(jié)有四拍。The conductor has a clear～.指揮的節(jié)拍干凈利落?！纪?time，rhythm;

(3) 通常路線 (regular or usual course or circuit) [C]：a policeman/postman's～警察/郵遞員通常的路線;a policeman out on the/his～巡邏的警察;〖同〗route，circuit，path，course;

【辨異】1) beat與strike、pound²和hit都可表示“打、擊”。hit表示“重重地一擊”，可以有目的，也可無意，如：He hit his hand on the face. (他用手抽臉。) The car hit a lamp-post. (汽車撞在電線桿上。) strike表示“重重地一擊或數(shù)擊”，且是突然或迅速地，語體色彩比hit較為正式，但也可是有目的或無意(上邊兩句中的hit皆可換用strike);beat 則表示“反復地有目的地打、擊”，如：beat sb to death (將某人打死);pound²(連續(xù)猛擊)指反復、沉重地打，尤指用拳頭，如：pound the table (猛擊桌子)。還有thrash，表示“用鞭、棍反復地打(以懲罰)”，如：thrash a child (抽打孩子)。2) beat與defeat都可表示“擊敗”。defeat特指在戰(zhàn)爭中擊敗敵人，如：The Americans defeated the British in 1781. (美國人在1781年打敗了英國人。) 而beat則用于游戲、比賽中擊敗對手，如：We beat their team. (我們擊敗了他們隊。) win是這兩個詞的同義語，但賓語不為人。如：win the war/the game (贏得那場戰(zhàn)爭/比賽)。