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n(1)涼氣，寒氣(意)(certain amount or feeling of unpleasant coldness in the weather or air，in the body，in water，etc)[C，通常 sing]：There was quite a～in the air last night.昨天夜里空氣中頗有點(diǎn)涼意。feel the～of autumn/evening/night感覺到秋天/傍晚/夜晚的涼氣;the black～of the Antarctic region北極地區(qū)的陰冷;A little～ran down her back.一絲寒氣襲過她的脊背?！纪?chilliness，coolness，bite;〖反〗 warmth;

(2)寒戰(zhàn)，風(fēng)寒(illness caused by cold and wet weather and shown by shivering of the body)[C]：He caught a～from being out in the rain.他因在外面澆了雨而受了風(fēng)寒。C～s and sneezing are signs of a cold.寒戰(zhàn)和打噴嚏是感冒的特征。The mysterious sounds sent icy～s down my back/my spine. 那神秘的聲音使我脊背冒寒氣。〖同〗cold，shivering;

(3)掃興，沮喪(unpleasant cold feeling of gloom or depression)：The bad news cast a～over the gathering/the festivities.那壞消息破壞了聚會(huì)/慶?；顒?dòng)的氣氛。The bad news cast a～over everyone in the room.那壞消息使室內(nèi)的每一個(gè)人都感到掃興。His entrance cast a～into them all.他的出現(xiàn)使他們大家都掃興。He noticed a～in the audience.他注意到聽眾中的沮喪情緒?！纪?depression，damp;

→′chilly adj 相當(dāng)冷的;冷淡的，不友好的;

v(1)1)(使)覺得冷((make sb) feel chilly) [T+n，I]：The rain (night air/March wind)～ed him to the bone/his bones.雨(夜晚的空氣/3月的風(fēng))使他感到寒氣刺骨。She felt her body～suddenly. 她突然感到身體發(fā)冷。My hands were～ed. 我的手冰冷。2)變涼(冷)(cause to become cold)[I，T+n]：The earth～s when the sun sets. 日落后大地變涼。The icy wind～ed her face. 冷風(fēng)把她的臉吹得冰涼。

(2)1)(使)(食物)變冷，冰(食物)((of food and drink)(cause to) become cool without freezing，eg in a refrigerator)[I，T+n]：put the dessert in the refrigerator to～.把甜食放進(jìn)冰箱冰一下;～a dessert/the wine使甜點(diǎn)心/葡萄酒變涼;Let the beer/the pudding～for half an hour.讓啤酒/布丁冰鎮(zhèn)半小時(shí)?！玡d beer冰鎮(zhèn)啤酒;The beer is best served～ed. 啤酒最好喝冰鎮(zhèn)的?！纪絚ool;〖反〗warm，heat;2) 冷藏(食物)(preserve (food) at a low temperature without freezing it)[T+n]：～ed meat/beef冷藏肉/牛肉;

(3)1)(使)寒戰(zhàn)(心驚)((cause to)have a feeling of cold，fear in)[I，T+n]：My heart(blood)～ed when I heard the bad news/I thought of it.聽到那個(gè)壞消息/想起那件事我的心不寒而栗(血液都涼了)。His sinister threat/eerie story～ed everybody.他陰險(xiǎn)的威脅/恐怖的故事使人不寒而栗。He was～ed by her callousness. 她的冷酷使他不寒而栗。2)(使)失望(沮喪，掃興)((cause to) become discouraged or low in spirits)[I，T+n]：The failure(news/bad luck)～ed his hope/his enthusiasm.失敗(那消息/壞運(yùn)氣)使他心灰意冷/熱情消失。The threat of rain/bad weather～ed his enthusiasm for a trip.下雨的征兆/壞天氣影響了他旅游的興致。His affection had～ed.他的愛情已經(jīng)冷卻?！纪絛epress，discourage，dishearten;

→′chilling adj 恐怖的;

adj(1)寒冷的(cold)(=chilly)：A～wind/breeze blew from the North.一股寒風(fēng)/寒冷的微風(fēng)從北方刮來。It was a～autumn day.那是個(gè)冷颼颼的秋日。I feel～.我覺得冷?！纪?chilly，chilling，cold，frosty;〖反〗 warm，hot;

(2)冷淡(漠)的 (not friendly;unduly formal)：a～reception/welcome/greeting/meeting/reply 冷淡的接待/迎接/問候/會(huì)見/回答;Her suggestion was met with a～response.她的建議遭到了冷遇?！纪絚hilly，unfriendly，cold;〖反〗warm，friendly;

(3)令人失望(灰心)的(depressing or discouraging)：～prospects令人失望的前景;〖同〗 depressing，discouraging;〖反〗encouraging;

【辨異】chill與cold、chilling、chilly和cool都表示程度不同的“冷”。cold(冷的)表示冷到可能使人痛苦的程度，如：cold water(冰冷的水);chill(寒冷的)指冷到刺骨、使人顫抖、麻木的程度，如：a chill wind(刺骨的寒風(fēng));chilling指冷到有摧毀作用的程度，如：a chilling wind(凜冽的寒風(fēng));chilly(有寒意的)表示的程度輕，但也能使人顫抖、不舒服，如：a chilly room(冷冰冰的房間);cool(涼爽的)指僅有一點(diǎn)涼，不暖和，如：a cool evening(涼爽的夜晚)。