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v (1)(使)破裂((cause to) break without falling into separate pieces;split)[I，T+n]：The ice/glass/plate～ed when I dropped it.我失手摔裂了冰/玻璃杯/盤子?！玜 glass/a window 打破一玻璃杯/一窗戶玻璃;～a bone in one's arm/one's leg摔裂胳膊/腿骨;a～ed cup/bell有裂紋的杯子/鐘;〖同〗split;

(2)(使)裂開，砸(炸)開((cause to)break open or into separate pieces)[I，T+n，C+n+adj]：The seeds have～ed open.種子裂開了。～a nut/a walnut/a coconut 砸開堅(jiān)果/胡桃/椰子;～a safe/a casing open 砸開保險(xiǎn)柜/外罩;

(3)(使)發(fā)出爆裂聲((cause to) make a sudden sharp sound)[I，T+n無pass]：The whip/rifle/falling tree～ed threateningly.鞭子/槍/正在倒下的樹發(fā)出可怕的劈啪聲。My knees～ed when I knelt down. 我跪下時(shí)膝蓋嘎吧作響?！玜 whip/one's knuckles把鞭子抽得劈啪作響/指關(guān)節(jié)折得嘎嘎作響;

(4)重(撞)擊(hit sth with a sudden sharp sound)[T+n，T+n+prep(on/against)]：fall and～one's head against (on) the wall/the low door-frame/the railing跌倒了，頭撞在墻/低門楣/欄桿上;～sb on the head with a ruler用尺子打某人頭部;

(5)變(失)聲((of the voice) change sharply in depth，loudness，etc)[I]：Her voice～ed with grief/emotion.她悲慟/激動得說話的聲音都變了。A boy's voice～s at puberty.青春期男孩的嗓音變粗。

(6)崩潰，垮((cause to) break down or cease to resist)[I，I+adv(up)，T+n]：He～ed under pressure/the strain of work.由于壓力/工作的緊張，他崩潰了。The spy/suspect finally～ed under their questioning.間諜/嫌疑犯在他們的審問下終于招供了。When failure came/After working too hard he(his health)～ed up.失敗時(shí)/緊張工作之后，他(他的身體)垮了。The unexpected evidence/The witnesses～ed his composure.意外的證據(jù)/證人們使他再也不能保持鎮(zhèn)靜了。～the defence突破防守;〖同〗break，break down，give way;

(7)破解(solve，find(a hidden secret，esp a code)[T+n](infml)：～a difficult calculation/a spy's code解決一計(jì)算難題/破譯間諜的密碼;

(8)開啟(瓶子)(open (a bottle) so as to drink)[T+n](infml);

(9)說(笑話) (tell(a joke)in a clever or very amusing way)[T+n](infml)：He's always～ing jokes.他總是說笑話。

(10)裂化，分餾(break down(a complex substance，esp heavy oils) by heat and pressure to produce simpler chemical compounds(such as lighter oils))[T+n]：～oil by heating under pressure高壓下加熱使(石)油裂化;a～ing plant分餾廠;

get cracking 加勁干起來：You'd better get～ing with that job.你最好加把勁兒干那個(gè)活兒。

crack down on(v adv prep)鎮(zhèn)壓，使取締(vt)：～down on drug dealers/gambling/political activity 取締販毒/賭博/政治活動;

→′crackdown n 鎮(zhèn)壓，取締;′cracked adj 精神失常(瘋狂)的;′cracking adj 精彩(出色)的;′crackbrained adj 瘋狂(愚蠢)的;′crack-up n 精神崩潰;′crackpot n 胡思亂想的人;′cracksman n(撬保險(xiǎn)箱的)賊;′cracker n 脆餅干;鞭炮;

n (1)裂紋(縫)，龜裂(line along which sth has broken，but without falling into separate pieces)[C][N(in)]：a～in the ice/the window/the cup冰/窗戶玻璃/杯子上的裂紋;The earthquake caused huge～s in the earth.地震使大地出現(xiàn)巨大的裂縫。～s in the economic policy(fig)經(jīng)濟(jì)政策上的漏洞;at the～of dawn 破曉時(shí)分;〖同〗split;

(2)縫(空)隙(narrow open gap)[C]：look through a～in the curtains/the wall/the partition透過窗簾/墻/間壁縫看;Open the door just a～.把門打開一條縫?！纪給pening;

(3)爆裂聲(sudden sharp sound)[C]：a～of thunder/a gun/a pistol(shot)/rifle fire/a whip雷/炮/手槍(射擊)/步槍射擊/鞭子聲;the～of doom世界末日;

(4)重?fù)?sudden sharp blow usu one that can be heard)[C][N(on)]：give sb/get a nasty～on the head重?fù)裟橙祟^一下/頭上被重?fù)袅艘幌?

(5)玩笑(clever and amusing joke，reply or remark，often critical)[C][N(about)](infml)：make～s about sb's fatness/sb's big feet/sb's funny-looking hat拿某人的肥胖/大腳/滑稽的帽子開玩笑;

(6)嘗試(attempt)[C][N(at)](infml)：have a～at writing a book/solving a puzzle嘗試寫書/解謎;take a～at a job試著做一件工作;

(7)變聲(sudden change in the depth or loudness of the voice)[C]：a～in sb's voice某人嗓音的變聲;

adj 精湛(銳)的(of high quality or good ability;very clever or skilful)：a～player/shot優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動員/射手;a～regiment/force of soldiers精銳兵團(tuán)/部隊(duì)