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(1) 例子，實(shí)例 (something that shows clearly or illustrates a fact) [C]：～of sb's selfishness 某人自私自利的例子; give(sb)/cite an～of (給某人)舉個(gè)例子; have～s of... 有 …… 的實(shí)例; write an～on the blackboard 在黑板上寫一個(gè)例句; That was but one～of his kindness. 那僅僅是他善良的一個(gè)例子。

(2) 范例，樣(標(biāo))本 (something that represents other things of the same kind;specimen) [C]：an～of his handwriting/of Turner's painting/of early Greek sculpture/of how to design a building 他的書法/特納繪畫/希臘早期雕塑/如何設(shè)計(jì)建筑的范例(典范); 〖同〗 sample，illustration，representation;〖反〗contradiction;

(3) 榜樣，模范，典型(person or thing that is a pattern to be copied; model) [C，U]：an～of dedication 奉獻(xiàn)的典型; be an～to the rest of the class (us all)/for someone to follow 為班上的其他同學(xué)(我們大家)作出榜樣/成為某人學(xué)習(xí)的榜樣; follow one's～/the～of sb 以某人為榜樣; take sb/sth as an～以某人為榜樣/以某事為典型;look up to sb as a shining～將某人尊為模范; 〖同〗pattern，model，standard;

(4) 儆戒;警告 (someone or something that serves or is intended to serve as a warning) [C]： send sb to prison as an～to the others 將某人關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄以儆戒別人; (be)meant to be～s to sb 想(將其)作為對某人的儆戒; Let his punishment be an～to you. 讓他所受的懲罰成為對你的儆戒吧。

(take)for example 以 …… 為例：Several European countries have no sea-coast—for～， Switzerland and Austria. 有幾個(gè)歐洲國家沒有海岸線，比如瑞士和奧地利。

make an example of sb 懲罰某人以儆他人：The teacher made an～of the boy who copied from another student during a test. 老師懲罰了那個(gè)在考試中抄襲別人試卷的孩子以儆戒其他學(xué)生。

set (sb) an example/set an example to sb 樹立榜樣：You should set a good～to your younger sister. 你應(yīng)該為妹妹作個(gè)好榜樣。

teach by example 以身作則：In doing so，they mean to teach by～. 他們這樣做是要以身作則。

without example (beyond example) 沒有先例：Such cold weather in July is without～in our town. 7月的天氣這么冷在我們這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子還沒有先例。

【辨異】 1) example與sample和specimen均指樣品(本)。example 表示任何人或事物的普遍的原則或性質(zhì)，如：a typical example of Gothic architecture (哥特式建筑的典型);sample 指可以說明整個(gè)事情性質(zhì)的某件東西或某類東西的一部分，如：take a sample for examination and test (取樣檢驗(yàn));而specimen則通常指科研目的的樣品，如：collect insect specimens (收集昆蟲標(biāo)本)。2) example與case¹、instance和illustration的區(qū)別見CASE¹。