v (1) 落(下)，降(跌)落，下降(落) (go down freely or naturally from a higher to a lower level) [I，I+prep，I+adv]：The snow/rain is～ing outside. 外面下著雪/雨。After the solo，the final curtain fell. 獨(dú)唱之后，大幕最終落下?！玦nto the river/down the stairs/out of the window 落入河中/從樓梯上跌落下來(lái)/從窗口掉落下來(lái);The leaves～off from the trees in Autumn. 秋天樹(shù)葉從樹(shù)上落下來(lái)。The glass fell off and broke. 杯子掉下來(lái)摔破了?！玹en feet 下落10英尺;〖同〗drop，plunge;〖反〗 rise，climb;
?(2) 降臨(come down) [I，I+prep(on/upon)]：Darkness/Night fell upon the fields. 黑暗/夜晚降臨在田野上。Fear fell upon the little boy. 那個(gè)小男孩感到害怕。A sudden silence fell over the audience. 觀眾中突然一陣寂靜。〖同〗descend，drop;
?(3) 跌倒，倒下(塌)( come down，drop to the ground) [I，I+prep(over)，I+adv(down/over)]：The girl slippered on the ice and fell. 那個(gè)女孩在冰上一滑摔倒了?！玱n/to one's knees 下跪/跪下;He fell over a stone and hurt his knee. 他被一塊石頭拌倒，摔傷了膝蓋。A big tree has～en across the road. 一棵大樹(shù)橫倒在公路上。During the earthquake，80% of the buildings in the city fell (down). 地震時(shí)，那個(gè)城市有 80% 的建筑物倒塌。The boy fell over and broke his arm. 男孩跌倒了，摔斷了胳膊。〖同〗collapse;〖反〗 rise，climb;
?(4) 下垂，垂下(hang down) [I+prep]：The material for the window curtain～s very nicely. 用作窗簾的材料垂度很好。The cloak fell over his shoulder. 那件斗篷從他的肩部垂下。Her long dark hair fell to her waist. 她那又黑又長(zhǎng)的秀發(fā)一直垂到腰間?！纪?drop，slope，droop;
?(5) 減少(弱)，降低，下降(跌) (become lower or less in intensity，amount，number) [I]：The temperature fell 5 degrees/to 6 degrees below zero. 氣溫下降了五度/降到零下六度。The value of gold fell sharply. 黃金的價(jià)格急劇下降。The price fell by 10%. 物價(jià)下降了10%。His voice fell to a whisper. 他的聲音降成低聲細(xì)語(yǔ)。The wind has～en. 風(fēng)力減弱了. His spirits/face fell when he learned he had failed in the exam. 當(dāng)他聽(tīng)說(shuō)考試不及格時(shí)，情緒變得很低落/樣子很沮喪?！纪?decline，decrease，cheapen;〖反〗rise，increase;
?(6) 傾(下)斜;(slope down) [I，I+adv(away/off)]：a meadow～ing (away) to the river 草原向河邊傾斜;The hillside～s gently to the valley. 山坡緩緩地向山谷下斜。
?(7) 淪陷;失守;失去地位(be captured;lose one's position，office or power) [I]：The city fell to the enemy/during the rebellion. 那座城市被敵人攻陷/在叛亂中失守。When did the Conservative Government～? 保守黨政府是什么時(shí)候倒臺(tái)的? ～from power 丟掉權(quán)力;〖同〗 surrender;〖反〗 triumph;
?(8) 陣亡，戰(zhàn)死(die in battle;be killed) [I]：～to sb's gun/to sb's rifle 死在某人的槍口下;Many soldiers fell fighting bravely/in the battle. 許多戰(zhàn)士英勇戰(zhàn)死/在戰(zhàn)斗中陣亡?！纪?die;〖反〗 survive;
?(9) 墮落，失足(decline in moral standing;sin) [I](舊用法)：be tempted and～受到誘惑而墮落;The man has～en so low. 那人竟如此墮落?！纪?sin;
?(10) (重音、目光等)落在……上(come to rest at a specified place) [I+prep(on/over)]：His eyes fell on the picture. 他的眼光落在照片上。A scream～s on my ears. 我聽(tīng)到一聲尖叫。The stress/accent～s on the second syllable. 重音要落在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上。
?(11) 變(成)為，進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)(enter a certain state or condition;become) [L+adj，L+n，I+prep (into)]：～asleep/ill/silent/lame/due 睡著/病倒/靜下來(lái)/變成瘸子/到期;～in love (with sb) (與某人)相愛(ài);～victim to the tiger 成為老虎的獵物;～an easy prey to a man's charms 輕易地為一個(gè)男人的魅力所征服;～into ruins/into a doze 成為廢墟/打磕睡;〖同〗 become;
?(12) 恰(適)逢，發(fā)生(occur or become at a certain time;happen) [I，I+prep]：Easter～s much earlier this year. 今年的復(fù)活節(jié)要早得多。 My birthday/Christmas Day～s on (a) Saturday. 我的生日/圣誕節(jié)是個(gè)星期六?！纪給ccur，happen;
?(13) (無(wú)意中被)說(shuō)出(to be uttered，usually involuntarily) [I，I+prep]：The words/A sigh/Not a word fell from her lips. 她說(shuō)出了那些話/發(fā)出一聲嘆息/一句話都沒(méi)說(shuō)。He promised not to let a word of the secret plan～. 他答應(yīng)不把那個(gè)秘密計(jì)劃說(shuō)出去。
?(14) 屬于;分成(……類) (come within the scope of another) [I+prep(into/within)]：～within the country's jurisdiction 隸屬國(guó)家管轄;Most of the languages in the world～into different families. 世界上的大多數(shù)語(yǔ)言分屬不同的語(yǔ)系。
?fall about (laughing/with laughter) (v adv) 禁不住大笑 (vi)：The girls fell about laughing/with laughter when they saw the funny look on the boy's face. 當(dāng)女孩子們看到那個(gè)男孩臉上滑稽的表情時(shí)不禁大笑起來(lái)。
?fall apart (v adv) 散開(kāi);崩潰 (vi)：keep a marriage from～ing apart 阻止婚姻破裂;The corruptive government finally fell apart. 腐敗的政府最終垮了臺(tái)。
?fall away (v adv) 1) 逐漸低下去 (vi)：The fields～away from here. 原野的地勢(shì)從這里逐漸降低。2) 消失 (vi)：The crowd began to～away. 人群開(kāi)始散開(kāi)。3) 疏遠(yuǎn)(某人) (vi)：His friends began to～away from him. 他的朋友開(kāi)始離他而去。
?fall back (v adv) 后撤(退) (vi)：The enemy began to～back as we advanced. 隨著我們的推進(jìn)，敵人開(kāi)始后撤。
?fall back on/upon (v adv prep) 依靠(賴) (vt)：～back on friends/on one's own savings 依靠朋友/靠自己的儲(chǔ)蓄;
?fall behind (v adv/prep) 落(在……之)后 (vi & vt)：Hurry up! You are～ing behind. 快點(diǎn)! 你已經(jīng)落后了。You'll have to work very hard if you don't want to～behind the others. 如果你不想落在別人后面，你必須非常努力才行。
?fall behind with (v adv prep) 遲交;逾期不付款或不做某事：(vt)：Don't～behind with the rent/with your correspondence. 不要拖延房租/你要及時(shí)回信。
?fall down (v adv) 失敗 (vi)：It was in the oral test that he fell down. 他是在口試中失敗的。He fell down on his job. 他的工作沒(méi)有做好。
?fall for (v prep) 愛(ài)上;上當(dāng) (vt)：He has～en for the girl. 他愛(ài)上了那個(gè)姑娘。She warned me not to～for his tricks. 她警告我不要上他的當(dāng)。
?fall in (v adv) 1) 集合 (vt & vi)：The soldiers were ordered to ～in at once. 命令士兵們緊急集合。The sergeant fell his men in on the square. 中士將他的士兵在廣場(chǎng)上集合好。2) 倒(坍)塌 (vi)：The roof/walls of the house fell in during the storm. 在暴風(fēng)雨中房頂/房子的墻壁坍塌了。
?fall into (v prep) 1) 開(kāi)始 (vt)：～into conversation with sb 開(kāi)始與某人交談;2) 進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài) (vt)：～into a decline 開(kāi)始逐漸衰退;3) (可)分成 (vt)：～into three parts 分為三個(gè)部分;4) 養(yǎng)成 (vt)：～into the habit of smoking 養(yǎng)成吸煙的習(xí)慣;
?fall in with (v adv prep) 偶爾遇到;同意 (vt)：～in with some foreign tourists/someone's suggestions 碰巧遇見(jiàn)幾個(gè)外國(guó)游客/同意某人的建議;
?fall into the habit of 養(yǎng)成……習(xí)慣：He has～en into the habit of getting up late. 他養(yǎng)成了晚起的習(xí)慣。
?fall off (v adv) 減少，(質(zhì)量、水平等)下降 (vi)：His enthusiasm has greatly～en off. 他的熱情已大大地降低。The quality of the product fell off greatly. 產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量下降很?chē)?yán)重。
?fall on/upon (v prep) 1) 向……猛攻(撲) (vt)：～on the enemy 向敵人猛攻;The beggar fell on the food. 乞丐貪婪地大嚼食物。2) 由 …… 承(負(fù))擔(dān) (vt)：All the cost fell on his old father. 所有的花銷(xiāo)都落在了他老父親一人身上。
?fall out (v adv) 解散 1) (vi & vt)：The soldiers fell out after the drill. 操練之后士兵們解散了。The Sergeant fell his men out. 中士讓士兵們解散了。2) (v adv) 發(fā)生 (vi)：Everything fell out as we had expected. 一切都像我們所預(yù)料的那樣發(fā)生了。3) 爭(zhēng)吵，鬧翻 (vi)：Why did you and your old friends～out? 你和老朋友們?yōu)槭裁呆[翻?
?fall over oneself to do sth 極力(設(shè)法)做成某事：The father was ～ing over himself to satisfy his son's demands. 父親千方百計(jì)地滿足兒子的要求。
?fall through (v adv) 失敗，沒(méi)有成功(實(shí)現(xiàn))，成為泡影(vi)： Unfortunately，our first plan fell through. 很不幸，我們的第一個(gè)計(jì)劃失敗了。
?fall to (v prep/adv) 1) 開(kāi)始吃 (vi)：The boys fell to with good appetite before everybody took their seats. 沒(méi)等大家入席，孩子們便開(kāi)懷大吃起來(lái)。2) 開(kāi)始攻擊 (vt)：Without another word，they fell to. 他們二話沒(méi)說(shuō)便打了起來(lái)。3) 著手，開(kāi)始 (vt)：～to a task/a fighting again 開(kāi)始執(zhí)行一項(xiàng)任務(wù)/重新開(kāi)戰(zhàn);4) 落到 …… 的身上 (vt)：The work of cleaning the house fell to me again. 打掃房子的工作又落在了我的頭上。
?fall under (v prep) 歸(列)入……類;受到(影響) (vt)：～under class A/sb's influence 列為一等/受到某人的影響;
?→′fallen adj 落(倒)下的，被攻克(推翻)的;′falling n;adj 下降，下落(物)，下降的，落下的;
?n (1) 落下，跌倒(落) (act of falling from a higher or upright position) [C]：the～of a spacecraft toward the Mars 航天器向火星的降落;hurt oneself in a～from the horse 從馬上掉下而摔傷;be hurt by a～由于跌落受傷;The～from the cliff killed the climbers. 那些登山者從懸崖上墜下摔死了。He had a bad～from the ladder and broke his ankle. 他從梯子上掉下來(lái)，摔傷了踝骨。A～into the pit，a gain in your wit. (prov)吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。Pride comes/goes before a～. (prov) 驕兵必?cái)?。〖同?plunge，descent，drop，falling，dropping，slip;〖反〗 rise，ascent;
?(2) 降雨(雪)量(quantity of sth that has fallen) [C] [N(of)]：a heavy～of rain 大量的降雨;a seven-inch～of snow 七英寸的降雪;rock～s 滾落的巖石;
?(3) 跌落的距離，落差(distance that sth falls) [C，尤 sing]：a～of three stories 跌落距離相當(dāng)于三層樓房高;a ten-feet～/a～of ten feet 10英尺的落差;a river with a～of 5 metres in a hundred metres 河水每100米有5米落差;
?(4) 下降(跌)，跌落(reduction in amount，value or intensity) [C]：There was a sharp/steep～in prices/in temperature last week. 上周物價(jià)/氣溫急劇下降。Last Monday saw a steep～in stock prices. 上星期一股票價(jià)格大幅度下降。a～of the number of students going to college 大學(xué)生數(shù)量的下降;a～of one's income 收入的減少;〖同〗drop，decline，lowering，sinking，decrease，reduction;〖反〗 rise，climb，increase，advance;
?(5) 衰(陷)落，倒臺(tái)，滅亡(capture or (political) defeat;collapse) [U，the～] [N(of)]：the～of Rome/a government/Hitler 羅馬的滅亡/政府的垮臺(tái)/希特勒的覆滅;the rise and～of the Third Empire 第三帝國(guó)的興亡;〖同〗 overthrow，capture，defeat，surrender，collapse;
?(6) 秋季(天) [C] (AmE;= autumn)：in the～(of 1978) 在(1978年)秋天;last/a cold～去年/一個(gè)寒冷的秋天;two～s ago 兩年前的秋天; F～is the most beautiful season here. 秋天是這里最美好的季節(jié)。～colours/fashions秋天的色彩/秋季時(shí)裝;〖同〗 autumn;
?(7) (品德等) 降低，墮落(condition of becoming bad or worse) [C] [N (from)]：a～from virtue/grace 道德/品行的降低;the～of an honest man 一個(gè)老實(shí)人的墮落;What is the real reason of his～? 他墮落的真正原因是什么? 〖同〗ruin，slip，disgrace;
?(8) 瀑布(waterfall) [C，通常 pl]：the～s downriver/upstream 下游/上游的瀑布;Niagara F～s 尼亞加拉大瀑布;〖同〗 waterfalls;
?(9) (頭發(fā)等的)下垂(hanging down) [C]：a～of long hair/a woman's hair 長(zhǎng)發(fā)/婦女下垂的頭發(fā)