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n (1)(艱苦的)勞動(work;hard work)[U]：do (perform) manual/physical/mental～干/從事體力/體力/腦力勞動;spare no～不遺余力 painstaking/productive/unproductive/volunteer～艱苦的/生產(chǎn)/非生產(chǎn)性/義務(wù)勞動;division of～勞動分工;～camps 勞改營;〖反〗 rest，leisure;

(2)工作，任務(wù)(piece of work;task)[C 通常pl]：Success crowned his～s. 他的辛勞最后獲得了成功。Hercules was given twelve～s to perform. 交給赫拉克勒斯12項任務(wù)去完成。

(3)勞工(workers of a country or industry，considered as a group)[U]：shortage of skilled～技工短缺;unskilled～非技術(shù)工人;Most of the nation's～is on strike. 這個國家大多數(shù)勞工在罷工。a～exchange 勞工(職業(yè))介紹所;the～force/union 勞動力/工會;～relations 勞資關(guān)系;L～Day 勞動節(jié)(5月1日，在美國為9月的第一個星期一);the L～Party(英)工黨;

(4)分娩，陣痛(process or pains of childbirth)[U]：have a difficult/natural/painless～難產(chǎn)/順產(chǎn)/無痛分娩;have an easy～ 順產(chǎn);go into/be in～進入分娩階段/在分娩中;

a labour of love 出于喜愛而自愿做的事：Knitting him that sweater was a～of love. 為他織那件毛衣完全是出于愛心。

→?labour-in′tensive adj 勞動密集型的;′labour-saving adj 節(jié)省勞力的;

vi (1)勞動，辛勞(do work;work hard)[I，I+prep，I+adv，I+to-inf]：～in the mines/the fields for 30 years 在礦上/田間辛勞30年;～at (on) a task/a book 辛勤地做一項工作/編寫一本書;The editor～ed on the manuscript till early morning. 編輯辛辛苦苦地修改稿件直到清晨。The men～ed on/away into the night. 那些人一直/不停地干到深夜?！玹o finish a task on time為按時完成任務(wù)而努力工作;〖反〗 rest，relax;

(2)費(努)力地做某事(do sth with difficulty and effort)[I，I+prep，I+to-inf]：～for breath 吃力地呼吸;The ship～ed through the heavy sea. 船在波濤洶涌的海面上顛簸前行。 The wheels～ed in the sand. 輪子在沙里費力地轉(zhuǎn)動。They～ed through the thick forest and up the steep hill.他們艱難地穿過茂密的森林，攀上陡峭的山坡?！玹o understand what is said 努力聽懂所說的話;〖同〗struggle;

labour the point 一再詳細解釋(已知的事)：Although we all knew what the difficulty was，he wasted time～ing the point. 雖然我們都了解困難是什么，他還是浪費時間啰唆地講述。

labour under 1)受……之苦(fml)：The school～ed under the disadvantage of not having enough textbooks. 該校吃了教科書不足之苦。2)受騙(fml)：He～ed under the delusion that he could never make a mistake. 他以為自己從來不會犯錯誤。

→′labo(u)red adj 費力的，不自然的;′la-bourer n 勞動者，工人;′labo(u)ring adj 勞動的;la′bo(u)rious adj 勤勞的，吃力的，不流暢的;

【辨異】1)labour常指艱苦的體力勞動。work泛指一般的工作，可以是體力的或腦力的，輕松的或繁重的，愉快的或不愉快的等。2)laboured與elaborate和studied的區(qū)別見ELABORATE。