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(1)放置(倒);鋪設(shè)(put sb/sth in a particular place，on a surface，etc;cause to lie)[T+n，T+n+prep，T+n+adv，C+n+adj]：～an underground pipeline/a new oil pipe/a cable 鋪設(shè)一條地下管道/新的石油管道/電纜;～the table 在桌上擺好餐具;～a trap 設(shè)置陷阱;～bricks 砌磚;～a good foundation 打好基礎(chǔ);～a book/a glass/a slip of paper on the desk 把書/杯子/紙條放在書桌上;～one's cards on the table 攤牌;～one's eyes on ... 看見(發(fā)現(xiàn))……;～violent hands on sb 對(duì)某人下毒手;～a blanket over a sleeping child 把毯子蓋在睡著的孩子身上;～one's book/one's toys aside 把書/玩具放在一邊;She laid herself down gently. 她輕輕地躺下來?！玠own one's arms 放下武器;～down one's life 獻(xiàn)出生命;The storm/tornado laid the crops (the houses) flat. 風(fēng)暴/龍卷風(fēng)使莊稼倒伏(房屋倒塌)。They laid the boards flat. 他們把木板鋪平。〖同〗 place，put;

(2)涂，覆蓋(spread;cover)[T+n，T+n+prep(on/over/with)]：～the paint evenly 均勻地涂油漆;～plaster on the wall 在墻上涂灰泥;～straw over the yard 把稻草鋪在院子里;～a carpet on the floor/the floor with a carpet 在地板上鋪地毯;

(3)使處于某種狀態(tài)(cause sb or sth to be in a certain state)[T+n，T+n+prep](fml)：The failure of his crops laid him in debt. 莊稼歉收使他負(fù)債?！玸b's doubts at/to rest 消除某人的疑慮;The city was laid in ashes. 全城化為灰燼。～sb under an obligation to do sth 使某人承擔(dān)做某事的義務(wù);～one's heart bare 流露真情;

(4)使落下(cause to settle)[T+n]：The shower has laid the dust. 一陣雨使灰塵落地。think carefully before～ing pen to paper 落筆前仔細(xì)斟酌;

(5)生蛋(produce eggs)[I，T+n]：My hens are～ing well. 我的母雞產(chǎn)蛋很多。A turtle～s many eggs at once. 海龜一次生很多的蛋。A black hen～s a white egg.(prov)丑婦生俊兒。

(6)打賭(put down as a bet)[T+n，T+n+prep(on)，D+n+n 無 pass]：～thirty dollars on a horse 在一匹馬身上賭30美元; I'll～you ten dollars that he wins. 我看他能贏，我愿拿10美元和你打賭。〖同〗 bet;

lay about (v prep) 1)向四面八方亂打(vt)：He laid about him with a stick，to defend himself from three attackers. 他用棍子亂打，不讓三名攻擊者近身。2)痛打(斥)(vt)(=lay into)：The two men laid about/into him with hands and boots. 那兩個(gè)人對(duì)他拳打腳踢。I let him have his say，and then I laid into him. 我讓他說完，然后痛斥他。

lay aside (v adv)(fml) 1)放在一邊(vt)：～one's book aside 把書放在一邊;2)放棄(vt)：～a plan aside with disappointment 失望地放棄一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃;3)留出備用(=lay by)(vt)：～aside one hour a day for reading 每天留出一小時(shí)時(shí)間讀書;I have a little money laid aside for a rainy day. 我積蓄了一些錢以備不時(shí)之需。

lay down (v adv) 1)(開始)建造(vt)：～down a new warship/a railway建造新的戰(zhàn)艦/一條鐵路;2)放棄(vt)(fml)：～down one's power/one's office/one's duties 放棄權(quán)力/放棄職務(wù)/中止義務(wù);3)規(guī)(制)定(vt)：Follow the procedure laid down in the booklet. 按照小冊子規(guī)定的程序操作。

lay in (v adv)儲(chǔ)備(vt)：～in plenty of food/coal/provisions for the winter 為過冬儲(chǔ)備大量的食品/煤/食物;

lay off (v adv) 1)解雇(vt)：The car factory was to～people off again. 汽車廠又要解雇工人了。2)停止，不再做……(vi & vt)：～off for a rest 停工休息;Why don't you～off smoking for a while until your cough gets better? 你為什么不等咳嗽好些再吸煙呢?

lay on (v adv) 1)安裝，涂上(油漆)(vt)：～on water and gas 安裝自來水和煤氣;They laid on two coats of paint. 他們涂了兩層油漆。2)準(zhǔn)備，安排(vt)：～on a party/a trip 準(zhǔn)備一次晚會(huì)/旅行;Operas were laid on for the delegates. 為代表們安排了歌劇演出。

lay out (v adv) 1)打昏(vt)：The blow laid him out. 一拳就把他打昏了。2)規(guī)劃，設(shè)計(jì)(vt 常 pass)：The gardens were beautifully laid out. 花園設(shè)計(jì)得很美。3)花(錢)(vt)(infml)：How much did you have to～out for your new car? 你買新車花了多少錢?4)展(攤)開(vt)：～out the beautiful jewellery in the shop window 把漂亮的珠寶陳列在櫥窗里;

lay over (v adv)(AmE)(中途)停留(vi)：～over in St. Louis for two hours waiting for a plane for Seattle 在圣路易斯停留兩小時(shí)等待飛往西雅圖的飛機(jī);

lay oneself out 盡最大的努力：She laid herself out to give her guests an enjoyable holiday. 她盡最大努力使客人們度過一個(gè)愉快的假日。

lay up (v adv) 1)使病倒(vt 通常pass)：He has been laid up with the flu. 他患流感，病倒了。2)貯藏(vt)：They have laid up large supplies of food. 他們貯藏了大量食品。3)擱置：Bill had to～up his boat when school started. 開學(xué)了，比爾只得把船閑置在船塢。

→′layaway n 預(yù)約購貨法;′lay-off n 解雇;′layout n 設(shè)計(jì)，布局，安排;′lay-over n 中途短暫停留;

【注意】lay是及物動(dòng)詞，意為放置。lay也是不及物動(dòng)詞lie(lay，lain，lying)的過去時(shí)，lie意為躺著。另一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞lie(lied，lied，lying) 意為說謊。

【辨異】put、place、lay和set表示將某物放在某地或使之處于某種姿勢。put是通用詞，如：to put the dishes on the table(把盤子擺放在桌子上);to put one's hands up(舉起手來)。place較正式，并且暗指準(zhǔn)確的動(dòng)作和確切的位置，如：He placed his hand on the Bible.(他把手放在《圣經(jīng)》上。)lay原指使躺倒，set原指使坐，這兩個(gè)詞特別強(qiáng)調(diào)物體放置的姿勢。lay通常暗指把一物體小心地水平放置，如：They laid the injured boy on the grass.(他們把受傷的男孩平放在草地上)。set通常指直立放置，如：to set a post in the ground(在地上立根標(biāo)桿)。