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n (1)(與肉體相對(duì)而言的)精神，心(靈)(part of a human being associated with the mind and feelings，as distinguished from the physical body)[C，U]：matter and～物質(zhì)和精神;His～still lives on.他的精神依然存在。His～is troubled/He is troubled in～. 他的內(nèi)心痛苦。be full of the～of revolt/rebellion 充滿了反叛精神;She has a～of initiative. 他有種主動(dòng)精神。The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. 心有余而力不足?！纪絯ill，mind，heart，motivation;〖反〗body，flesh;

(2)靈(亡)魂(soul，considered as still alive apart from the body of a person after death;ghost)[C]：They believe the～lives on after death.他們相信人死后靈魂不死。make contact with the～s of the dead與亡靈交流;raise～s與亡靈溝通;the abode of～s 冥府; be possessed by evil～s 被邪惡的鬼魂纏住;the～world 陰曹地府;〖同〗soul，mind;〖反〗body，flesh;

(3)精靈，妖精，仙子，鬼(supernatural being;ghost)[C](舊用法)：good～s 好心的精靈;Ghosts and fairies are～s.鬼和仙子是超自然的生物。God is a～.上帝是神靈。The haunted house was filled with～s. 那座鬧鬼的房子里到處是鬼魂?！纪絞host，shade;〖反〗body，flesh;

(4)神靈(consciousness and life regarded as independently existing)[C，U]：the Holy S～圣靈;God is pure～. 上帝是純潔的神靈。the belief that～is everywhere and in everything 堅(jiān)信神靈無(wú)所不在、無(wú)所不有的信仰;

(5)(具有特定品質(zhì)的)人物(person thought of as possessing or showing a certain quality)[C]：(總與一形容詞連用)：a generous/kind/mean/proud～慷慨/善良/小氣/驕傲的人;an independent～有獨(dú)立性的人;one of the most ardent/leading～s of one's time 那個(gè)時(shí)代最活躍/主要的人物之一;What a noble～he is ! 他是個(gè)多么高尚的人!

(6)心緒(境，態(tài))，態(tài)度(prevailing mind or mood;attitude)[U，a～]：do sth in a～of mischief 帶著惡作劇的心理做某事;come to the meeting in a～of genuine reconciliation 本著真正和解的精神(態(tài)度)參加會(huì)議;approach sth in the right/the wrong～以正確/錯(cuò)誤的態(tài)度對(duì)待某事;take the joke/the criticism/the remark on the right～以坦蕩的心懷對(duì)待那玩笑/批評(píng)/評(píng)論;

(7)勇(銳)氣;活力，精神(particular mood marked by vigour，energy，courage，or liveliness)[U]：a team that showed a lot of～一支顯示巨大勇氣的球隊(duì);do sth with～精神十足地做某事;fight/attack with～生龍活虎地戰(zhàn)斗/進(jìn)攻;play basketball with tremendous～生龍活虎地打籃球;break sb's～挫傷某人的銳氣;Put～into your work.干工作精神點(diǎn)兒。marry a girl of～娶一個(gè)充滿活力的姑娘;have no～for the dangerous journey 沒(méi)有勇氣去進(jìn)行此種危險(xiǎn)的旅行;Everybody lacked～in that gloomy day. 在那陰沉的日子人人都缺乏活力?！纪絭igour，liveliness，enthusiasm，energy，eagerness;〖反〗lifelessness，dullness，spiritlessness;

(8)精神，本質(zhì)(central or characteristic quality or force of sth)[U，the～]：the～of the times/the age/the revolution 時(shí)代/時(shí)代/這次革命的精神;the 16th-century～of exploration/enquiry 16世紀(jì)的探險(xiǎn)/探究精神;

(9)真義，本旨(real meaning，sense，or intent of sth)[U]：obey the～of the law 遵守法律的本旨(不拘泥于文字);follow out the～of sb's instruction 貫徹某人的指示精神;〖同〗intention，intent，meaning，sense;

(10) 1)烈性酒(strong alcoholic drink)[C，通常 pl]：sell wine and～s 出售葡萄酒和烈性酒;a glass of～一杯烈酒;He touches/drinks no～s. 他根本不喝烈性酒。Brandy，whisky，gin and rum are all called～s. 白蘭地、威士忌、杜松子酒和朗姆酒都叫烈性酒。2)酒精(purified alcohol for industrial use)[U]：put some (surgical)～on the spot on one's face 在臉上的粉刺處涂了一些消毒酒精;white～石油溶劑;

(11)心情(境)，情緒(person's cheerful or sad state of mind)[pl]：in good/high/bad/low/poor～s 情緒好/高/壞/低/低;lift/raise sb's～s 使某人振作起來(lái);keep one's～s up 保持高漲情緒;lose one's～s 垂頭喪氣;His～s rose/brightened/improved.他的情緒振作/高漲/好轉(zhuǎn)起來(lái)了〖同〗mood，feelings，emotions;

in spirit 內(nèi)心里，精神上：I shall be there with you in～. 我的心將與你同在。

→′spirited adj 精神飽滿的;充滿活力的;′spiritedly adv 精神飽滿地;充滿活力地′spiritless adj 無(wú)精神的，沒(méi)生氣的;′spiritual adj 精神上的;n(黑人)圣歌;′spirit-lamp n 酒精燈;′spirit-level n(氣泡)水準(zhǔn)儀;

v

spirit away/off (v adv)迅速神秘地帶(拐)走(vt)： To avoid angry demonstrators，the minister was～ed away through the back entrance. 為躲避憤怒的示威群眾，部長(zhǎng)悄悄地被人從后門送走。

【辨異】spirit與 ghost的區(qū)別見(jiàn)GHOST。