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n (1)馬刺(U- shaped device with a projecting point or sharp-toothed wheel behind，that a rider wears on his heels and digs into the horse's sides to make it go faster)[C]：a pair of～s 一對(duì)馬刺;urge a horse on with a whip or with～s 用鞭子或馬刺策馬;The cowboy dug his～into the horse. 那牛仔用馬刺扎馬肚子。

(2)刺激，鼓(激)勵(lì)，鞭策，動(dòng)力(sth that encourages or urges sb to do sth)[C][N (to)](fig)：Ambition was the～that made him work so hard. 抱負(fù)是他如此努力工作的動(dòng)力。the～of poverty 貧窮的驅(qū)使;a～to greater efficiency/continued effort 使提高效率/再接再厲的鞭策;Fame was the～for his even greater achievements. 名望是他取得更大成就的動(dòng)力。〖同〗stimulation，stimulant，encouragement;〖反〗discouragement;

(3)(雞，鳥的)腿上的矩(claw like point at the back of a bird，esp a cock's leg)[C]：A cock has～s on his legs. 公雞腿上有馬刺狀的矩。

(4)山的支脈(橫嶺)(small range of mountains running off from a large range)[C]：A～of rock stuck out from the mountain. 那山中突起一道石嶺。

(5)支(岔)線(railway track or road that turns off the main line or road)[C]：This railroad～connects with the city. 這條鐵路支線連接那座城市。a～road 岔路;〖同〗branch，arm，wing，leg，fork;

on the spur of the moment 一時(shí)沖動(dòng)之下：We decided to go to Berlin on the～of the moment.我們一時(shí)興起就決定去柏林。

vt (1)用馬刺策馬(prick a horse's side with spurs to make it go faster)[T+n，T+n+prep (to)，T+n+adv (on)，T+n+adv (on)+prep (to)，C+n+to-inf]：He～red his horse and it galloped away. 他用馬刺策馬，馬疾馳而去?！玜 horse to a gallop 策馬疾馳;The riders～red (on) their horses. 騎手們策馬前行。

(2)刺激，鼓(激)勵(lì)，鞭策，動(dòng)力(encourage or urge sb/sth to work harder， perform better，etc)[T+n，T+n+prep (to)，T+n+adv (on)，T+n+adv (on)+prep (to)，C+n+to-inf]：His loving care～red her recovery. 他的愛促使她康復(fù)。The cheers～red the team to victory. 歡呼聲激勵(lì)全體隊(duì)員去贏得勝利。The thought of the prize/fear of failure～red him on. 要得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的想法/對(duì)失敗的關(guān)心鞭策著他前進(jìn)。be～red on by ambition/one's desire/the hope of freedom 被雄心/欲望/對(duì)自由的希望所激勵(lì);～one's team on to greater efforts 鼓勵(lì)自己的球隊(duì)盡更大的努力;Pride～red him to fight harder. 自尊心驅(qū)使他更加奮力戰(zhàn)斗。The decision～red him to follow the same road. 那決定促使他堅(jiān)持原來的道路。〖同〗stimulate，encourage，hasten;

→′spurred adj 裝有馬刺的