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v (1)沾(染)污(leave a (permanent) dirty marks or coloured patches on sth)[尤pass： T+n，T+n+prep (with)，C+n+adj]：(coffee/sauce)～the carpet/the tablecloth(咖啡/調(diào)味汁)弄臟地毯/桌布;～one's fingers/one's teeth with ink 讓墨水弄臟自己的手指/牙齒;fingers～ed with nicotine 被尼古丁熏黃的手指;blood-～ed hands 血污的手;～sb's fingers red 染紅手指;〖同〗spot，discolour，soil，spoil，mark;〖反〗clean;

(2)被沾污(become marked in this way)[I]：Silk～ed easily. 絲綢容易弄臟。White clothes～quickly. 白色衣服臟得快。

(3)給……染(著)色(colour or dye with a substance)[T+n，T+n+prep，C+n+adj]：S～the table before you varnish it. 在給桌子涂清漆之前先上色?！玹he specimen/the floorboards 把標(biāo)本/木地板塊染色;～ed glass 彩色玻璃;～the fence/the chairs brown 把柵欄/椅子涂成棕色;〖同〗dye，colour;

(4)玷污(聲譽(yù))，敗壞(名聲)(mark sb's good name，reputation，etc with a moral fault)[尤pass： T+n，T+n+prep](fml，fig)：He～ed his military record by going AWOL. 由于擅離職守，他玷污了自己在軍隊中的歷史。The king's name was～ed with acts of cruelty. 國王的名聲被其殘暴的行為所敗壞?！纪絛isgrace，blacken，dishonour，spoil，ruin;〖反〗cleat，honour;

n (1)污點(跡)(dirty mark or patches of colour (left by ink，blood，etc) that is difficult or impossible to remove)[C]：an ink～on sb's shirt 某人襯衣上的一個墨水污點;be covered with paint-～s 灑上了油漆點;get the gravy～s out of the carpet 把地毯上的肉汁漬洗掉;find blood～s on the suspect's clothes 在嫌疑人的衣服上發(fā)現(xiàn)了血跡;The coffee I split made a～on the tablecloth. 我灑的咖啡給桌布弄了一塊污漬?！纪絪pot，soil，mark;

(2)著(染)色劑(liquid，etc made for chang-ing the colour of wood， etc)[U，C]：a range of wood～s 各種各樣的木材著色劑;need some/a dark～for the floor 需要一些/一種深色的染色劑染地板;

(3)(名譽(yù)上的)污點(thing that brings shame)[C]：the～upon his honour 他名譽(yù)上的污點;He was released without a～on his character. 他被釋放了，名譽(yù)未受損害。His trial for embezzlement was a～on his family's good name. 他因貪污罪受審是對自己家庭良好聲望的玷污。There is not the slightest～upon her reputation. 她的名譽(yù)潔白無暇?！纪絪pot，flaw，shame，disgrace，dishonour;〖反〗honour，credit;

→′stainless adj 無污點的;無暇的;純潔的