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(1)(詢)問(wèn)(try to get an answer to (a question))[I，I+prep(about)，T+n，T+n+prep(about)，D+n+n，D+n+prep(of)，T+wh，T+wh-inf，D+n+wh，D+n+wh-inf]：You must～if you don't understand.你如果不懂，就應(yīng)該問(wèn)。I asked him.我問(wèn)過(guò)他?！?sb) about the trains/sb's work/sb's intention/sb's health/sb 問(wèn)(某人)火車的車次/某人的工作情況/某人的意向/某人的身體狀況/某人的情況;～(sb) sb's name/sb's whereabouts/the time/the price/directions/the way/a question 問(wèn)(某人)某人的名字/某人的下落/時(shí)間/價(jià)錢/方向/路/問(wèn)題;～the way of a passer-by/a question of a teacher (fml)向路人問(wèn)路/向老師問(wèn)問(wèn)題;～(sb)what one should do next/why she was crying問(wèn)(某人)下一步怎么辦/她為什么哭;～(sb)what to do next/where to go 問(wèn)(某人)下一步怎么辦/去哪里;〖同〗inquire，enquire，question，interrogate;〖反〗answer，inform;

(2)請(qǐng)(要)求(make a request for or to)[I+prep(for)，T+n+prep(for)，T+n+prep(of)，T+n，C+n+to-inf，T+to-inf，T+that(should)，T+wh，D+n+wh]：～(sb)for advice/a(pay)raise/justice/money/water/help/a bike/information(向某人)征求意見(jiàn)/要求漲工資/討公道/要錢/要水/請(qǐng)求幫助/要一輛自行車/打聽(tīng)消息;～a favour/rather a lot of sb請(qǐng)求某人幫助/向某人要求太多;～the blessing of God 請(qǐng)求上帝賜福;～a favour/leave/too much/a little silence請(qǐng)求得到幫助/要求離開(kāi)/要求太多/要求稍微安靜點(diǎn);～sb's advice/sb's opinion/sb's views/sb's suggestion征求某人的意見(jiàn)/意見(jiàn)/看法/建議;～sb's permission請(qǐng)求某人允許;～sb to speak to sb else/to help one/to allow one to go 請(qǐng)求某人和……說(shuō)話/幫助自己/允許自己走;～to speak to sb/to be allowed to go/for the door to be closed 請(qǐng)求和某人說(shuō)話/允許走/關(guān)門;～that one(should/may)be allowed to go/the door (should) be closed/sb (should) leave at once 請(qǐng)求允許走/關(guān)門/某人馬上離開(kāi);〖同〗request;〖反〗grant，give，refuse，reject，deny;

(3)邀請(qǐng)(invite)[T+n+prep(to/for)，T+n+adv，C+n+to-inf]： ～sb to (for) dinner/tea 邀請(qǐng)某人吃飯/喝茶;～sb to one's house/to the party/into the room 邀請(qǐng)某人到家里去/參加聚會(huì)/進(jìn)屋;～sb out/in/up/down/over/round(for the evening/for a drink)邀請(qǐng)某人出去/進(jìn)來(lái)/上樓/下樓/過(guò)來(lái)/過(guò)來(lái)(度過(guò)晚上時(shí)光/喝一杯);～sb to come to dinner/ to go out for a drink 邀請(qǐng)某人來(lái)吃飯/出去喝一杯;〖同〗invite;〖反〗refuse，decline，reject;

(4)要價(jià)(charge)[T+n，T+n+prep(for)]：You're～ing too much.你要價(jià)太高。What price are they～ing? 他們索價(jià)多少?～a reasonable price 要價(jià)合理;～a lot of money for the house/$100 a month rent for that flat/$50 for that old watch 那房子的要價(jià)很高/那個(gè)單元每月租金要100美元/那塊舊表要價(jià)50美元;〖同〗charge，demand，claim;〖反〗offer，pay;

(5)需要(demand;require)[T+n，T+n+prep(of)]：The job～s patience/a great deal of you.這個(gè)工作需要耐心/對(duì)你要求很高。This is～ing too much of a child.這對(duì)一個(gè)小孩來(lái)說(shuō)要求太高了。

ask for trouble/it 自找苦吃(麻煩)(infml)：Climbing mountains in misty weather is really～ing for trouble.霧天爬山簡(jiǎn)直是自找苦吃。

for the asking 只要張口(要求)：The bike is yours for the～ing.只要你張口，這自行車就歸你了。

ask after (v prep)問(wèn)候……的身體狀況(vt)：She～ed after her father in her letters.她在信中問(wèn)候她父親。

ask for 要求會(huì)見(jiàn)(與……說(shuō)話)：He is very ill and keeps～ing for his daughter.他病得很重，不斷地要求見(jiàn)他女兒。

【辨異】 1)ask與inquire(=enquire)和question及interrogate都有“問(wèn)”的意思。ask是最普通用詞;inquire和enquire是一個(gè)字的不同拼法，用于較正式的場(chǎng)合，且總是指特別的詢問(wèn)，如：inquire about a rumour(查問(wèn)謠言);question和interrogate指多次反復(fù)地問(wèn)，常指法律方面的審問(wèn)，如：question/interrogate a prisoner 審問(wèn)囚犯;2) ask，request與beg都有“請(qǐng)求”的意思。ask是最常用詞，且用于非正式場(chǎng)合，可譯為“請(qǐng)求”;request主要用于正式場(chǎng)合或書面語(yǔ)及布告中，常用于被動(dòng)式，表示客氣和正式的請(qǐng)求，如：Passengers are kindly requested not to smoke.(懇請(qǐng)乘客們不要吸煙。)beg是謙恭卑下地請(qǐng)求，即 “懇求”，如：He begged her to forgive him.(他懇求她饒恕。)還有plead，表示迫切地、持續(xù)地“懇求，乞求”，如：Plead with sb to show some pity(懇求某人憐憫)。還有entreat和implore這兩個(gè)字語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)，比 beg更客氣，且語(yǔ)體色彩遞次更正式;implore表示苦苦地“懇求，哀求”;entreat表示苦苦地、固執(zhí)地“懇求”，如：He entreated/implored her not to desert him.(他乞求她不要遺棄他。)