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(1)情況(形)，環(huán)境(condition(time，place，etc)，fact or event connected with and usu has an effect on another event，person or course of action)[C，通常pl]：consider each～in turn 對(duì)情況逐一進(jìn)行考慮;Bad weather is a～that we cannot control.壞天氣是我們無法控制的情況。die in a suspicious～死得可疑;a person conditioned by～s to suspect everyone 受環(huán)境影響而對(duì)誰都懷疑的人;C～s forced us to change our plan.情況迫使我們改變計(jì)劃。C～s permitting，we sail on Monday. 情況允許的話，我們周一開船。What were the～s of her leaving her job? 是什么情況使她辭掉了工作?be a victim of～(s)為環(huán)境所左右;the political and economic～s in the country 這個(gè)國家的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)情況;give the～s of why the car stopped說明造成停車的原因;〖同〗fact，condition，happening;

(2)經(jīng)濟(jì)(物質(zhì))狀況(financial position)[pl]：a family (person) in reduced/poor/bad/easy/comfortable～s 一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況衰落/不富裕/糟糕/富裕/優(yōu)裕的家庭(人);What sort of～s is she in (What are her～s)? 她的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況如何?the change in his～s 他經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的改變;

(3)禮儀(formal，usu official display or ceremony)[U]：The king's coronation was an occasion for much pomp and～.國王的加冕禮是一次壯觀的禮儀盛典。

in/under no (any) circumstances 在任何情況下都決不：In/Under no～s must a soldier leave his post.(A soldier must not in/under any～s leave his post.) 無論出現(xiàn)任何情況，一個(gè)戰(zhàn)士都不得脫崗。

under/in the circumstances 在這種情況下：Under/in the～s we must be very cautious.在這種情況下我們必須非常謹(jǐn)慎。

【說明】under the circumstances 與 in the circumstances 語義和用法差不多，但有人認(rèn)為情況影響說話人的行為時(shí)，under 較常用，但區(qū)別并非如此明顯。

【辨異】circumstance與surroundings和environment 都有“環(huán)境”的意思。circumstance 指事情發(fā)生時(shí)的情況，常用復(fù)數(shù);surroundings 指人的生活環(huán)境，只用復(fù)數(shù)，如：live in beautiful surroundings(生活在美麗的環(huán)境中);environment 也是指人的生活環(huán)境，但著眼于對(duì)人的感情、思想和道德的影響，如：grow up in a happy environment(在愉快的環(huán)境下成長)。