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v (1) 命令(give orders to)[I，T+n，T+that(should)，C+n+to-inf]：He has no right/is not fit to～(us).他無(wú)權(quán)/不宜(對(duì)我們)發(fā)號(hào)施令?！玸ilence命令安靜;The officer～ed that his men (should) fire immediately/all those (should) be destroyed. 軍官命令士兵馬上開(kāi)火/把那一切都銷(xiāo)毀。The general～ed his men to fire at once/his troops to attack/the guards to raise the drawbridge. 將軍命令士兵們馬上開(kāi)火/部隊(duì)進(jìn)攻/衛(wèi)兵們拉起吊橋。I～you to leave the room at once. 我命令你馬上離開(kāi)房間。〖同〗 order，instruct，direct;〖反〗obey;beg，plead;

(2)指揮，控制(have control，power or authority (over sb/sth))[I，T+n]：Does authority give one the right to～? 有權(quán)力就可以指揮人嗎?(king)～the armed forces(國(guó)王)統(tǒng)帥三軍;(captain)～all the officers and men(船長(zhǎng))指揮全船官兵;(colonel)～the regiment (上校)指揮全團(tuán);〖同〗govern，manage，rule;〖反〗 follow;

(3)掌握(be able to use;have at one's service)[T+n，無(wú) pass](fml)：～great wealth/vast sums of money/funds/resources掌握巨大的財(cái)富/大量的錢(qián)/資金/資源;～skill/a large vocabulary掌握技藝/大量詞匯;

(4)俯視(臨)，控制(be in a higher position to look down upon and control)[T+n，無(wú)pass]：The fort～ed the entrance to the valley/the approach to the city. 要塞俯臨峽谷的入口/通往市內(nèi)的要道。The castle～ed the whole valley(town/plain)beneath. 城堡俯瞰下面整個(gè)峽谷(城鎮(zhèn)/平原)。The house～ed the sea/the entrance to the valley/a fine view over the bay. 那座房子俯瞰大海/峽谷的入口/海灣的美麗景色。

(5)博(得)到，應(yīng)得(deserve and get as due)[T+n，無(wú)pass]：～sb's respect/sb's sympathy/sb's admiration/sb's esteem博得某人的尊敬/同情/欽佩/尊重;～sb's help/sb's attention 得到某人的幫助/注意;She can～a high salary. 她可以得到高工資。〖同〗deserve，get;

→com′mander n 指揮官，司令官;(英)海軍中校;倫敦高級(jí)警官;com′mandant n 指揮官，司令官;com′manding adj 指揮的;能控制的;受尊敬的;com′mandment n 命令，指揮;

n (1)命令(order;direction)[C]：give/issue/obey/carry out～s 發(fā)出/發(fā)布/服從/執(zhí)行命令;〖同〗 order，direction;

(2)指揮，控制((esp military) authority or control over sth)[U]：have/assume/take/be given/be in～of the army (troops/regiment/operations/country) 行使/擔(dān)任/擔(dān)當(dāng)/被授予/擔(dān)任指揮軍隊(duì)(部隊(duì)/團(tuán)隊(duì)/軍事行動(dòng)/國(guó)家)的職權(quán);be in～of the whole situation 控制著整個(gè)局勢(shì);be under/at sb's～在某人的指揮下/聽(tīng)候某人差遣;have sb under one's～指揮著……;all the strength at sb's～某人指揮的全部兵力;～module 指揮(駕駛)艙;～post/headquarters/ships 指揮所/司令部/指揮艦;～performance為元首舉行的特別演出;〖同〗control;

(3)集團(tuán)軍，軍區(qū)(forces and areas under the control of one person)[C]：the Air C～空軍部隊(duì);Western C～西線(xiàn)部隊(duì);Bomber C～轟炸機(jī)大隊(duì);

(4)掌握(運(yùn)用)能力;控制(ability to control or use sth;mastery)[U，a～][N(of)]：have(a) good～of the English language 英語(yǔ)掌握得很好;have (an) extraordinary～of spoken French 法語(yǔ)講得非常流利;have enormous funds at one's～掌握著巨額資金;have no～over oneself不能控制自己;〖同〗mastery，grasp;

【辨異】 1)command與order²、direct²和instruct都可表示“命令”。order 表示有權(quán)力者的“命令”，必須服從，如：The policeman ordered the motorist to stop.(警察命令司機(jī)停車(chē)。)command主要用于軍事方面，表示上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)的“命令”，必需服從，如：The officer commanded his men to open fire.(軍官命令士兵開(kāi)火。)direct(命令;指示，指導(dǎo))和 instruct(命令;指示)口氣較弱，還含有給予詳細(xì)指導(dǎo)之意，如：The judge directed the defendant to answer.(法官叫被告回答。)I instructed them to come earlier.(我吩咐他們?cè)琰c(diǎn)來(lái)。)2)command與rule、govern和manage都有“控制”的含義。command(指揮)用于軍事方面，要求必須服從，如：command a ship(指揮一艘船);rule(統(tǒng)治)指行使統(tǒng)治者的權(quán)力，如：rule a kingdom(統(tǒng)治一個(gè)王國(guó));govern(統(tǒng)治，管理)指對(duì)大的管理部門(mén)進(jìn)行權(quán)威性的指導(dǎo)，如：govern a state(管理一個(gè)國(guó)家);manage(管理)指給予指導(dǎo)以達(dá)到既定目標(biāo)，如：manage a business(管理一個(gè)企業(yè))。