(1) 做，干(used to refer to actions which are unspecified or not yet known about) [T+n](尤與what， anything， nothing， something 連用)：What are you～ing now/this evening? 你在干什么?/你今晚要干什么? What have you done? 你做了什么事? What shall I～? 我該怎么辦? What's to be done? 怎么辦? “What can I～for you?”“A cup of coffee.” “你要點(diǎn)什么? ”“一杯咖啡?！盋an I～anything for you? 要我?guī)褪裁疵? What does he want to～after graduation? 他畢業(yè)后想干什么工作? What does your husband～? 你丈夫是干什么工作的? What's the parcel～ing on my desk? 這包裹怎么在我書桌上? There's nothing we can～about it. 我們對(duì)此無(wú)能為力。There is nothing to～in this place. 這地方?jīng)]什么可玩的。I have nothing to～. 我無(wú)事可干。There is nothing to be done. 毫無(wú)辦法。What I'm going to～is (to) teach him a lesson. 我只想教訓(xùn)他一頓。All he～es is (to) complain.(He～es nothing but complain.) 他只是一味地抱怨。
?(2) 做(行)事，行(舉)動(dòng)，表現(xiàn)(behave; act)[I]：D～as you are told/as I tell you/as he does. 照告訴你的/照我告訴你的/像他那樣去做。D～as you wish/as you please/as you like. 悉聽(tīng)尊便/悉聽(tīng)尊便/你隨便吧。When in Rome，～as the Romans～. 入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。You did well during the crisis/well in coming to see me quickly/right to refuse his offer. 緊急關(guān)頭你表現(xiàn)不錯(cuò)/您真好，很快就來(lái)看我/你拒絕他的幫助是對(duì)的?！纪絙ehave， act;
?(3) 從事，進(jìn)行，搞(work at， or carry out (an activity or a task)) [T+n]：～research/business/aerobics/one's military service/a university degree 從事研究/做生意/進(jìn)行增進(jìn)肺活量的鍛煉/服兵役/攻讀學(xué)位;～one's duty 履行職責(zé);
?(4) 學(xué)習(xí)，研究(work at or study)[T+n]：～science/history/medicine/accountancy/law/engineering/economics/a subject (at school/university)(在學(xué)校/大學(xué))學(xué)理科/歷史/醫(yī)/會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)/法律/工程/經(jīng)濟(jì)/一門課;Have you done any Shakespeare? 你研究過(guò)莎士比亞的什么作品嗎?〖同〗study，learn;
?(5) 算出，解(solve; work out) [T+n]：learn to～sums/equations/simultaneous equations/problems in algebra 學(xué)會(huì)做算術(shù)題/解方程/解聯(lián)立方程/解代數(shù)題;～one's homework/one's lessons/one's maths/one's exam/one's exercises 做家庭作業(yè)/功課/數(shù)學(xué)題/考試/練習(xí);I can～(half of) the crossword/the puzzle. 我會(huì)做這個(gè)填字游戲/難題(的一半)。〖同〗solve;
?(6)1) 整理(put in order or arrange)[T+n](后接表示物品的名詞，且其前帶the或物主代詞)：～one's hair 梳頭;～the room/the house/the garden 整理房間/房子/花園;～the roof/the flowers 修理房頂/插花;〖同〗arrange; 2) 清洗(clean) [T+n](后接表示物品的名詞，且其前帶the或物主代詞)：～one's teeth刷牙;～the dishes/the silver/the floors/the windows 洗盤子/擦銀器/擦地板/擦窗戶;〖同〗 clean， polish;
?(7)(根據(jù)后面名詞譯)(used with action nouns ending in ing to refer to a wide range of actions) [T+n](與動(dòng)詞的ing形式連用，其前有物主代詞或the，some，no，any，much，a lot of)：～one's (no/much) washing/cooking/shopping/typing/writing/thinking/talking/studying/sightseeing(沒(méi)/大量)洗衣服/做飯/購(gòu)物/打字/寫東西/思考/談話/學(xué)習(xí)/觀光;
?(8) 生產(chǎn)，制(創(chuàng))作(make， create or compose)[T+n，D+n+n， D+n+prep(for)]：～a book/a report/a letter/an article/a play/a translation (for sb)(為某人)寫書/寫報(bào)告/寫信/寫文章/寫劇本/翻譯;～a portrait/a drawing/a painting/a sketch 畫像/畫圖/畫畫/素描;～a suit 做一套衣服;～a copy of agenda/a lot of correspondence 擬一份議事日程/處理大量通信;Does this pub(café)～lunches/hot breakfasts/cooked ham? 這家小酒店(小餐館)供應(yīng)午餐/熱早餐/煮火腿嗎?～the food at the wedding reception 準(zhǔn)備婚宴的食物;〖同〗make， produce;
?(9) 照料，服務(wù)(serve;attend to) [T+n，通常無(wú)pass]：He (the barber) will ～me next. 他(理發(fā)師)下一個(gè)給我理發(fā)?！玱ne's guests well 很好地招待客人;They did me very well at that hotel (with their good food and clean rooms). 那酒店(飯菜好，房間也干凈)為我提供了一流的服務(wù)。
?(10) 1) 演出(put on or perform (a play，opera， etc)) [T+n]：(dramatic society/school/drama group)～“Hamlet”/“Othello”/a comedy/a tragedy(劇社/學(xué)校/小劇團(tuán))演出《哈姆雷特》/《奧賽羅》/ 喜劇/悲劇;2) 扮演;模仿(play the role of， or copy the manner of)[T+n]：Who is～ing Hamlet? 誰(shuí)扮演哈姆雷特?～sb well 模仿某人惟妙惟肖;
?(11) 完成，結(jié)束(finish; complete)[I，T+n，T+-ing] [用perf或 pass](infml)：Have you done? 你做完了嗎? I've done. 我做完了。I've done talking. 我的話說(shuō)完了。get a book/an article done 完成一本書/一篇文章;When you have/are done， come back. 你做完了就回來(lái)! It/That/His speech is done， thank goodness. 謝天謝地，這/那/他的講話可完了。They are all done now. 現(xiàn)在都干完了。Is it done? 事完了嗎?〖同〗finish，end，complete;
?(12) 1) 走過(guò)(距離)(cover (a distance)) [T+n]：We did a hundred miles in two hours/during our tour. 我們?cè)趦尚r(shí)之內(nèi)/旅行中走了100英里。My car～es 50 miles to the gallon. 我的車子一加侖汽油能跑50英里?！纪絚over;2) 走完(旅程)(complete (a journey))[T+n]：He did the journey in six hours. 他六小時(shí)走完旅程。3) 以……(速度)行駛，達(dá)到……(速度)(travel at or reach(a speed))[T+n]：～200 miles a day/30 kilometres an hour 每天走200英里/每小時(shí)走30公里;She does seventy-five miles on the highway. 她在公路上行車時(shí)速為75英里。He was～ing 80 miles when they arrested him. 他們逮捕他時(shí)他正在以80英里的速度行駛。
?(13) 參觀，游覽(tour;visit (a place)) [T+n](infml)：～Oxford/London/a country/a museum (in 5 days)(用五天)參觀牛津大學(xué)城/倫敦/一個(gè)國(guó)家/一個(gè)博物館;～Europe on five dollars a day 每天花五美元游歐洲;〖同〗visit， tour;
?(14) 度過(guò)(spend (a period of time))[T+n]：He did only a year at university. 他只上了一年大學(xué)。 He did two years (in prison) for armed robbery/burglary/assault.(infml)他因持槍搶劫/入戶行竊/強(qiáng)奸在監(jiān)獄里服刑兩年。He did time on the island. 他在那島上服刑。
?(15) (足)夠(be sufficient;be enough for(a purpose)) [I， T+n 無(wú)pass](BrE)：That will/won't～. 那夠了/不夠。Half a dozen eggs won't～. 半打雞蛋不夠。Shall I make some more or will that～? 我要不要再做一點(diǎn)? 還是已經(jīng)足夠了? “Will ￡10～(you)? ” “Yes， that will～(me) nicely./How will ￡10～?”“10英鎊夠你用嗎? ” “夠，這就滿夠了。/10英鎊怎么夠? ”Will this piece of fish (that chicken)～two of us/all the family? 這塊魚(yú)(那只雞)夠我們倆人/全家吃嗎? ￡10 will have to～(you)for a while.(你)得用10英鎊支撐一段時(shí)間。
?(16) 行，適合，滿意，可以，對(duì)(be suitable， satisfactory or advisable (for a purpose)) [I， I+prep(for/as)，T+n]：That will/won't～. 那行/不行。(參見(jiàn)(15)第1例) This hotel will/Tomorrow won't～for the meeting. 這旅店適合/明天不適合開(kāi)這個(gè)會(huì)。Will this tablecloth～? 這桌布合適嗎? How do you think this would～? 你覺(jué)得這行嗎? How would this～? 這怎么行? It isn't large enough/very good， but we'll make it～. 這不夠大/不很好，但我們會(huì)將就用。We can make～without extra money/with the old car. 不要額外的錢/用這輛舊車我們能湊合。Will it～if they let us have an answer by Friday? 他們周五前給我們一個(gè)答復(fù)可以嗎? It does not/won't/wouldn't～to work too much. 工作過(guò)度是不行的。How would it～for me to write to him? 我怎么可以給他寫信? It wouldn't have done to turn down his request. 拒絕他的要求本來(lái)是不合適的。The plums will/would～to make jam with. 這些李子可以做醬。The piece of material will/would～to make a dress for her. 這塊料子可以給他做一件衣服。The place will (would)/won't (wouldn't)～for skiing/our little daughter/a gymnasium. 這地方適合(不適合)滑雪/我們的小女兒/用作體育館。The scraps will(would)/won't(wouldn't)～for dogs. 這剩菜適合/不適合喂狗。This log will～fine as a table for our picnic. 這原木滿可以作我們野餐的桌子。This room/hotel will～(me) nicely/quite well. 這房間/旅館(對(duì)我)滿合適。Will this racket～you? 這球拍你用行嗎?
?(17) 進(jìn)展(行)，情況(如何)(progress; get on)[I](與how及副詞連用)：How is your business/your family/your wife～ing? 你的生意/家人/妻子情況如何? How did you～in your business/your examination/at school/at college/during the war? 你生意/考試/學(xué)業(yè)/學(xué)業(yè)/戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的情況當(dāng)時(shí)如何?How are you～ing? 你好嗎?The patient/rose/umbrella maker is～ing(very/quite)well/nicely/poorly/badly/splendidly/as well as can be expected/better. 病人/玫瑰花/制傘人的情況(非常/相當(dāng))好/不錯(cuò)/不好/很糟/非常好/要多好有多好/更好。The firms/You have done(did/would～) (very/quite) well/nicely/poorly/badly. 這些商號(hào)/你的情況近來(lái)(過(guò)去/將會(huì))(非常/相當(dāng))好/不錯(cuò)/不好/很糟。In the future I must～better than that. 將來(lái)我必須干得比那更好。Roses～well in a clay soil. 玫瑰花在泥土中生長(zhǎng)得好。Both mother and baby are～ing well/nicely/fine after the birth. 產(chǎn)后母子都平安。He did well out of the deal/the sale of his house. 他做買賣/賣他的房子賺了錢。Well done! 干得好!〖同〗get on， fare;
?(18) 烹調(diào)(飪)(cook(sth))[T+n]：They～beef/fish very well in that restaurant. 那家飯店牛肉燉/魚(yú)熬得很好?！玞asserole/salad 做罐燜菜/沙拉;How would you like your steak done? 你的牛排要炸到什么程度? Is the meat well done/done yet? 肉做得好/做好了嗎? The meat/dinner/pudding/pie is(very well) done. 肉/飯/布丁/餡餅做好了(做得很好)?！纪絚ook;
?(19) 1) 欺騙(cheat (sb))[T+n，尤pass](infml)：～sb over (on) the sale of sth/out of his inheritance 賣東西時(shí)欺騙某人/騙取某人的遺產(chǎn);I'm afraid she's done you， my friend. You've been done! 老兄，她恐怕是把你騙了，你上當(dāng)啦! You were done! 你受騙了! That butcher/shopkeeper did me — the meat was underweight. 那肉鋪老板/店主騙了我——那肉不夠分量。I realized/had the uneasy feeling that I was being done. 我意識(shí)到/不安地感到我正在受騙?！纪絚heat;2) 搶劫，偷竊(rob or steal (sth)) [T+n](sl)：The gang did a warehouse/supermarket/home/car. 那伙人搶(偷)了一個(gè)倉(cāng)庫(kù)/一家超市/一戶人家/一輛車。〖同〗rob， burgle， steal;
?(20) 傷害，打(hurt or hit (sb)) [T+n](sl)(尤BrE)：If you don't stop talking/say that again， I'll～you! 你再不閉嘴/再那么說(shuō)我就揍你!〖同〗hurt， hit;
?(21) 逮捕，宣判有罪(arrest or convict sb (for a crime))[T+n， T+n+prep(for)]：get done for speeding 因超速行車被拘捕;
?(22) 發(fā)生(happen;take place) [I]：What's～ing at the office/in town this week? 辦公室/城里這星期有什么事? There's nothing～ing in this block at night/in a small village like this. 在這街區(qū)夜里/在這樣一個(gè)小村子里什么事情也不會(huì)發(fā)生。〖同〗happen;
?anything doing?/nothing doing (sl) 行嗎?/不行：I'll give you ￡200 for that old car of yours. Anything～ing? 我給你200鎊買你那輛舊車，行嗎? “Will you lend me ￡20? ” “Nothing～ing.”“能借我20英鎊嗎? ”“不行。”
?do good 1) 做好事：Those who～good will find peace/have their reward. 做好事的人享安寧/有好報(bào)?！玜 lot of good among the poor 在窮人中廣為施善;2)(對(duì)……)有好處：The meeting would～/will～/～es no good. 這個(gè)會(huì)不會(huì)有/不會(huì)有/沒(méi)有什么益處。Does it～any good talking about it? 談?wù)撨@件事有益處嗎? The medicine/sunshine will～you (a great deal of/a lot of) good. 這藥/陽(yáng)光對(duì)你會(huì)有(很大的/很多)益處。A day in the country/Crying won't～you (a great deal of/a lot of) good. 在鄉(xiāng)下待一天/哭對(duì)你不會(huì)有(很大的/很多)益處。
?do harm 有害處：This would～more good than harm. 這益處大于害處。It/The sunshine wont～(you) any harm. 這/陽(yáng)光不會(huì)對(duì)你有害處。That must have done him harm. 那一定對(duì)他造成了損害。No harm will be done.不會(huì)有害處。
?do sb a favour/a kindness 請(qǐng)幫個(gè)忙：Would/Will you～me a kindness/a favour? 請(qǐng)您幫個(gè)忙好嗎? You did me a kindness in asking me to dinner. 你真好，請(qǐng)我來(lái)參加宴會(huì)。
?do sb the honour 賞光，給……帶來(lái)榮譽(yù)：I hope you will～me the honour to pay/of paying me a visit. 敬請(qǐng)光臨敝舍。Would/Will you～me the honour to dine/of dining with me? 請(qǐng)您賞光與我一起進(jìn)餐好嗎?
?do sb justice/an injustice 公道地對(duì)待/冤枉：That picture/photograph does not～her justice. 那張相片/相片不如她本人漂亮。To～her justice， she was never malicious. 說(shuō)句公道話，她從沒(méi)有惡意。You～me an injustice if you think I could tell such a lie .你若認(rèn)為我會(huì)撒這樣的謊你就冤枉我了。
?do sb credit/an honour 給予榮譽(yù)：You've done the school credit. 你給學(xué)校帶來(lái)了榮譽(yù)。Your neat appearance～es you credit. 你整潔的外表給你增輝。She did us a great honour by visiting the college. 她來(lái)訪我們學(xué)院使我們感到非常榮幸。
?do one's best/utmost 盡最大努力：I did(will～) my best/utmost for him/to help him in the race. 我為了他/為了幫助他/在賽跑中盡了(將盡)最大努力。It was not his fault. He was～ing his best， his utmost. 這不是他的錯(cuò)。他在盡力而為。
?do one's worst 盡力使壞：I shall take no notice of his threats; let him～his worst. 我不會(huì)理睬他的威脅，任他把本事全使出來(lái)。
?do right/wrong 做得對(duì)/不對(duì)：You did right/wrong in behaving like that/to refuse his offer. 你那樣做/拒絕他的幫助是對(duì)/錯(cuò)的。You must know the wrong you've done .你應(yīng)該知道你做的錯(cuò)事。
?How do you do? 你好(用于初次見(jiàn)面時(shí)打招呼)：“John， let me introduce you. This is my wife Marilyn.”“How do you～?” “How do you～? Nice to meet you. ”“約翰，我來(lái)介紹一下。這是我妻子瑪莉蓮?！薄澳愫? ”“你好! 很高興見(jiàn)到你?！?br>?do away with (v adv prep) 1) 廢除，取消(vt)：～away with monarchy/slavery/privi-leges/a custom/a law 廢除君主制/奴隸制/特權(quán)/一習(xí)俗/一法律; 2) 殺死(vt)：He's afraid that someone might try to～away with him. 他害怕有人會(huì)除掉他。try to～away with oneself 企圖自殺;
?do down(v adv)(infml)(BrE) 1) 騙(vt)：Don't trust him. He would even～his best friend down if he got the chance. 別相信他，一有機(jī)會(huì)他連最好的朋友都騙。2) 誹謗，詆毀(vt)：He's always～ing other people down. 他總是在背后說(shuō)別人壞話。
?do for (v prep)(infml) 1) 為……做家務(wù)(vt)：Mrs Brown comes in twice a week to～for us. 布朗太太每周兩次來(lái)為我們做家務(wù)。2) 殺死(vt)：He received a blow on the head. That， I thought， had done for him. 他頭上挨了一下，我想這要了他的命。3) 毀掉(vt， 通常 pass)：My shoes are about done for.我的鞋差不多完蛋了。 Last night's gale did for my greenhouse. 昨天夜里的大風(fēng)毀了我的暖房。4)設(shè)法得到(vt)：How/What did you～for food during flood? 洪水期間你是怎么弄到食物的?
?do in (v adv)(infml) 1) 干掉，殺死(vt)：He felt like～ing herself in. 他想要自殺。2) 使累得要死(vt，通常pass)：I'm really done in after the long trip. 長(zhǎng)途跋涉后我真是累壞了。3) 弄傷(vt)：He did his wrist in pushing the car. 他推汽車時(shí)弄傷了手腕。
?do out (v adv)(infml) 1) 打掃，清理(vt)：～out a cupboard/a drawer 清理碗柜/抽屜;～out a bathroom/a dining-room/a yard 打掃浴室/餐廳/院子;2) 粉刷，裱糊(vt)：Please～out two rooms for us 請(qǐng)給我們粉刷兩個(gè)房間。.
?do sb out of sth(infml) 使不能得到：He was done out of his inheritance/his right/his promotion.他被人搞得失去了遺產(chǎn)/權(quán)利/提升機(jī)會(huì)。The shopkeeper did me out of ￡1 by overcharging me. 店主多要了我一英鎊。
?do over (v adv) 1) 重新裝修(vt)：We are having the kitchen done over. 我們?cè)谧屓酥匦卵b修廚房。2) 猛擊(infml)(vt)：be done over by a gang of hooligans/thugs 遭到一群流氓/暴徒的襲擊;
?do sth to sb/sth 1) 打(激)動(dòng)(infml)：His speech really～es something to me. 他的講話確實(shí)打動(dòng)了我。2) 使發(fā)生：What have you done to him/your hair/that picture/the television? 你把他/你的頭發(fā)/那張畫/那臺(tái)電視機(jī)怎么的啦?
?do up (v adv) 1) 扣好(vt & vi)：～up one's coat/one's dress/one's shoe-lace/one's buttons 系上外衣/裙子/鞋帶/扣子;～up one's zip/a knot 拉上拉鎖/系上一個(gè)結(jié);The blouse～es up at the back. 這女罩衫是在背后系扣子的。2) 把……包(捆)好(vt)：～up a parcel/a package/a book 捆上包裹/包裹/書;～up one's purchases/one's hair 包上買的東西/系上頭發(fā);3) 修(繕)(vt)：～up a house/a room 裝修房子/房間;～up an old skirt 修改一條舊裙子; 4) 打扮(vt)(infml)：She did herself up for the party. 她打扮好去參加聚會(huì)。
?do sth with sb/sth 1)(怎么)處理(置)(用于what引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句)：What have you done/did you～with my luggage? 你把我的行李放哪兒了? What did you～with yourself yesterday? 你昨天是怎么過(guò)的? “What have you done with my wife? ” “She is in the kitchen.”“我妻子哪兒去了? ” “她在廚房?！盬hat am I to～/shall I～with this naughty boy? 我拿這個(gè)淘氣的孩子怎么辦? What's to be done with this stuff in the attic? 閣樓上的這些廢物怎么處理? 2)(為什么)有(用于what引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句，用進(jìn)行體)：What are you～ing with that gun/that old car? 你要那槍/舊車子干什么?
?do with (v prep) 1) 需(想)要(與can/could連用)(vt)：I could～with a cup of tea/a stiff drink/a bath/a good meal/a week away from work. 我想要一杯茶/一杯烈性酒/洗個(gè)澡/好好吃一頓/休假一個(gè)星期。The car could～with a polish/a wash. 車子需要擦擦/洗洗了。2)忍受(與can/could 的否定式連用)(vt)：I can't/couldn't～with loud music/noise/untidiness/his temper/his silliness. 我無(wú)法忍受吵鬧的音樂(lè)/嘈雜聲/臟亂/他的脾氣/他的愚蠢。I can't/couldn't～with waiting any longer. 我再也等不下去了。3) 行，可以，湊合(與can連用;見(jiàn)(16))(vt)：Can/Could you～with ￡2/cold meat for dinner?兩英鎊/吃涼肉你能湊合嗎? 4) 用完(與have或be連用)(vt，尤pass)：Have/Are you done with the dictionary? 詞典你用完了嗎?
?do without (v prep) 不用(需)，將就(與can/could連用)(vt)：We can/could～without luxuries/sleep/a holiday/a secretary.我們沒(méi)有奢侈品/睡眠/假日/秘書也行。
?to do with (v prep)與……有關(guān)系(其前常有something， nothing， anything， everything)(vt)：It is nothing/something to～with you.這與你無(wú)關(guān)/有關(guān)。I am interested in anything to～with stamps .我對(duì)與郵票有關(guān)的事都感興趣。
?have/be to do with 與……有關(guān)系：His job has/is to～with newspapers. 他的工作和報(bào)紙有關(guān)。 He has to～with all sorts of people. 他得與各種各樣的人建立關(guān)系。
?have...to do with 與……有關(guān)系(have后可為something， nothing， anything， a lot等)：Don't have anything to～with that dishonest fellow. 不要跟那個(gè)不誠(chéng)實(shí)的人有什么瓜葛。He has something to～with her death. 他與她的死有關(guān)。This has little/hasn't much to～with what you said. 這與你說(shuō)的話毫無(wú)/沒(méi)多大關(guān)系。.
?→′doer n 實(shí)干家;′doings n 所做的事情;活動(dòng)所需的東西;
?【辨異】do與accomplish和achieve的區(qū)別見(jiàn)ACCOMPLISH。