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n (1)蔭，陰涼處(area of darkness under or next to an object such as a tree，where the sun cannot reach)[U][N(from)]：It's cooler in the～. 陰涼地比較涼快。We sat in the～of a big tree/umbrella. 我們坐在一棵大樹/一把大陽傘的陰涼里。The trees provided some～from the sun. 那些樹遮住了太陽，形成一片陰涼。 〖同〗shadow，dusk;〖反〗sunlight，sunshine，light，brightness;

(2)遮光物(sth that screens or shelters sb or sth from light or heat)[C](常構(gòu)成合成詞)：a sun/lamp/window～陽傘/燈罩/遮光簾;an eye-～ 遮陽帽檐;a lamp with a green～有綠色燈罩的燈;Pull down the～s of the windows. 放下遮陽簾。the～s (AmE)太陽鏡;〖同〗screen，curtain，blind，cover;

(3)夜(暮)色(darkness at the end of the day)[pl][N (of)](fml)：the～s of evening 暮色;The～s of night were falling fast. 夜色迅速降臨。

(4)(圖畫等的)陰暗部分(shadow or darkness in a picture，etc)[U]：light and～in a drawing 一幅畫中的明暗;

(5)差別細微的顏色，色度(slightly different colour)[C]：several～s of blue 幾種深淺不同的藍色;choose a lighter～of green 選擇一種較淺的綠色;I like the shirt in this～. 我喜歡顏色這樣深淺的襯衣?！纪絚olour，tone;

(6)細微的差別(a slight difference)[C][N(of)]：a word with several～s of meaning 有多層細微語義的單詞;all～s of opinion 各種各樣的意見;There's only a～of difference between the two candidates. 兩個候選人的差別甚微?！纪絫race，suggestion，hint;〖反〗lot，abundance;

(7)少量(許)，稍稍(a little bit)[U，a～]：a～warmer/better 暖和/好一些;sing a～too loud 唱得聲音有點太響;a～under forty miles 差一點不到40英里;societies only a～less complicated than our own 只比我們自己的社會略為簡單一點的社會;speak with a～of impatience 有點不耐煩地說;

(8)使人想起某人(某物)的事物(reminder of sb or sth)[pl][N (of)](infml)：S～s of my old father! He would have agreed with all they've said. 真像我老爸! 他們的話他都會同意。In some modern fashions one can see～s of the 1960's. 在某些現(xiàn)代時裝中，我們可以看到上世紀60年代款式的影子。

(9)幽靈，陰(鬼)魂(spirit;ghost;soul after death)[C](fml)：the～s of his former companions/dead ancestors 他以前同伴/已故祖先的陰魂;

put sb/sth in the shade 使黯然失色(相形見絀)：She is so beautiful that she puts her sister in the～. 她太漂亮了，使得她妹妹(姐姐)黯然失色。

→′shady adj 遮(成)陰的，陰涼的;可疑的，靠不住的，聲名狼藉的;′shadily adv 遮(成)陰地，陰涼地;可疑地，靠不住地，聲名狼藉地;′shadiness n 多陰;陰暗;隱蔽;可疑性;

v(1)遮住(擋)(光、熱)(shelter sb/sth from light or heat;screen)[T+n，T+n+prep(from)]：Trees～the street. 這條街道綠樹成陰?！玹he light with a dark cloth 用黑布罩著燈光;put up one's hand to～one's eyes from the sun(～one's eyes (from the sun) with one's hand)用手搭涼棚遮住眼睛(以避陽光);These plants don't like much sunshine，so I'm growing bushes here to～them (from the sun). 這些植物不喜太多的陽光，因此我在這里種一些灌木遮擋它們(免曬陽光)。〖同〗screen;〖反〗light，lighten，uncover;

(2)畫出明暗層次(darken to represent the effects of light and shade in (a painting))[T+n，T+n+adv(in)]：～the foreground more heavily 再把前景涂暗一些;～(in) this area to represent the building's shadow 把這部分涂暗表示出建筑物的影子;the～d areas on the map 地圖上以深顏色標示的地區(qū);

(3)(尤指色彩)漸變((esp of colours) change slowly or by slight degrees) [I， I+prep (into)， I+prep(from/into)，I+adv (off)+prep (into)]：(leaves)～into gold and red(樹葉)變成金色和紅色;a colour that～s from red into pink 由紅逐漸變粉的顏色;The colour of the sky～d (off) into wonderful pinks and greens. 天空的顏色逐漸變成漂亮的粉色和綠色。innocence～ing into ignorance 天真逐漸變成無知;

→′shading n 繪畫明暗的運用;′shady adj 遮陰的，成陰的，陰涼的;可疑的，靠不住的，聲名狼藉的;

【辨異】shade和shadow都暗示局部黑暗或比周圍環(huán)境黑暗的事物。shade(陰涼地)表示由于光線不能直接照射而較暗或較涼的一塊地方，如：the shade of a tree(樹遮住的一片陰涼);shadow(影子)通常指擋住光線的物體產(chǎn)生的影子，如：the shadow of a dog (狗的影子);陽光下的一根鐵絲，只能產(chǎn)生shadow，但不會有shade。