v (1)立，站(住，著)(be in an upright position，not sitting or lying)[I]：be too weak to～虛弱得站不住;～next to the door/by sb's bed and listen 站在大門旁/某人床邊聽;～clear of the fire 離開火站著;Few trees were left～ing. 幾乎沒剩幾棵樹還立著。Few of the buildings still～. 依然屹立的建筑寥寥無幾。S～still/motionless/firm while I paint you. 我為你畫像時，站著別動。Don't～if you are tired，but sit down.如果你累了，別站著，坐下吧。(guard)～at/to attention(警衛(wèi))立正站著;〖反〗sit，lie，lay;
?(2)站(立)起來(rise to one's feet)[I，I+p(up)]：～(up) when the National Anthem is played 奏國歌時起立;The children stood (up) as the teacher came in. 老師進(jìn)來時，孩子們起立?！玼p to see better 站起來以便看得更清楚些;S～up，please. 請起立。
?(3)使直立，豎起，放置(cause to be in an upright position，set，place，etc)[T+n+prep，T+n+adv]：～the vase/the empty barrels on the table (the floor) 把花瓶/空桶立在桌(地(板))上;～one's child on a chair 讓自己的孩子站在椅子上;～the ladder/the bicycle (up/upright) against the wall 把椅子/自行車靠墻立著;The chair has fallen over. S～it up again. 椅子倒了，把它再立起來?！纪絪et，rear，raise，erect，mount;
?(4)身高(高度)為……(measure a certain height when erect)[I+n+prep]：David～s six feet three inches. 大衛(wèi)身高六英尺三英寸。The building/tower～s 60 feet. 那大樓/塔高60英尺。Every man in the team～s over six feet. 隊中每個人的身高都超過六英尺。
?(5)位于(be located or situated in a certain place;occupy a position)[I]：An ancient watchtower～s on the cliff/upon the hill. 一座古瞭望塔位于懸崖/山上。There is now a factory where our house once stood. 過去我們家所在的地方現(xiàn)在是一家工廠。
?(6)(指車輛)停著(不動)((of a vehicle，etc)remain motionless)[I]：The train stood for an hour outside Newcastle/in the station. 那列火車在紐卡塞爾外/車站停了一小時。I saw the car stood in the garage/at the traffic lights. 我看到車停放在車房里/停在交通燈前。
?(7)保(維)持不變(有效)(remain as before;remain in force or existence)[I]：The arrangement /The agreement /His offer still～s.安排保持不變/這協(xié)議仍然有效/他依然愿意幫助。This law has stood for many centuries. 這條法律已經(jīng)延續(xù)好多世紀(jì)了。Let the words～. 不要改動這些文字。
?(8)處于特定狀態(tài)(be in a particular state，condition or situation)[L+adj，L+n，I，I+prep(at)]：He stood innocent of any wrong/ready to help/convict of murder. 他是無辜的，毫無錯誤/隨時準(zhǔn)備幫助/被判犯有謀殺罪。I～prepared to dispute it/corrected. 我時刻準(zhǔn)備就其進(jìn)行辯論/接受指正。The plot now stood revealed. 這陰謀現(xiàn)在揭露出來了。Some of the machinery is～ing idle. 一些機器在閑置著。He～s first in the class. 他在班上名列第一。 She～s high in the esteem of others/high in our opinion. 她深受他人尊敬/在我們心目中有威望。I still～your friend. 我還是你的朋友。How do matters/things～(with him)?(他)情況如何? As things now～，we shall win. 就目前情況看，我們會贏。He stood in danger of a lawsuit/in need of food and clothing/under heavy obligations. 他處于被訴訟的危險之中/需要食物和衣服/負(fù)有重大的義務(wù)。The thermometer stood at 80 degrees. 溫度計顯示80 度。The fund stood at $1000. 這基金有1000美元。The clock stood at ten. 鐘的指針指向10點。
?(9)(液體，化合物等)靜止不動((of a liquid，mixture，etc)remain without moving)[I]：Leave the mixture to～overnight. 把那化合物沉淀一夜。After you have put the powder in the milk let it～in a warm place until it sets. 把粉末放進(jìn)牛奶中，然后放在溫暖的地方不動，直至它凝固。rain water in～ing pools 靜止的水池中積存的雨水;
?(10)很有可能會(be likely to do sth)[I+to-inf]：Who～s to gain from this war/lose his advantage/win the game? 誰可能從這場戰(zhàn)爭中受益/失去優(yōu)勢/贏得比賽? The growing population～s to slow the rate of the development of society. 不斷增長的人口會降低社會發(fā)展的速度。
?(11)忍耐(受)，容忍(endure or tolerate)[無pass： T+n，T+to-inf，T+ing][不用prog](尤在neg或interr中，與can/could連用)：can't～sb/criticism/the climate/the strain/the life 無法忍受某人/批評/那種氣候/這種緊張/這種生活;～no nonsense 不能容忍荒唐的行為;couldn't～to be ordered about 無法忍受對自己發(fā)號施令;can't～sb's talking to one like that/sb's interrupting all the time/being kept waiting 不能容忍某人對自己如此說話/不斷地插嘴/久等;It will～firing up to 1300.這可耐火燒至1300度。〖同〗endure，persist，sustain，hold，tolerate，suffer;
?(12)進(jìn)行付賬，請客(pay for)[T+n 無pass，D+n+n]：～lunch for the three/drinks all around 請三人同去吃午飯/大家喝飲料;Let me～you a drink! 讓我請你喝一杯吧! I'll～you a dinner to celebrate it. 我要為你設(shè)宴以示慶祝。〖同〗pay for，finance，treat;
?(13)做候選人，參加競選(be or become a candidate，as for public office)[I，I+prep (for)](尤BrE)(=run，尤AmE)：～successfully in two elections 兩次選舉中均獲勝;～for club president/Parliament/president 競選俱樂部主席/議員/總統(tǒng);He stood on the party's candidate in the election.他作為該黨的候選人參加競選。
?(14)取某航向(hold a specific course at sea)[I，I+prep，I+adv]～eastward (for the coast)向東朝海岸航行;～out from the shore 駛離海岸;
?stand well，etc with sb和……關(guān)系好(等)：He～s well with his manager. 他和他的經(jīng)理關(guān)系不錯。
?stand aside (v adv) 1)站(讓)開(vi)：He stood aside to let me pass. 他讓開以讓我過去。2)不參與，不做事(vi)：How can you～aside and see the child badly treated? 看著孩子受虐待你怎么無動于衷呢? 3)退出(競選等)：He stood aside in favour of a better man. 他退出來把機會讓給更優(yōu)秀的人。
?stand back (v adv) 1)往后站，退后：(vi)：S～back! This is a very powerful explosive! 退后! 這是一種爆炸力很強的炸藥。2)位于靠后一些的地方(vi)：The church～s (well) back from the road. 教堂離開公路有一段距離。
?stand by (v adv) 1)袖手旁觀(vi)：When the house was on fire they just stood by. 房子著火時，他們袖手旁觀。2)準(zhǔn)備行動(vi)：Please～by and wait for further instructions. 請隨時準(zhǔn)備行動并等待進(jìn)一步指示。
?stand by (v prep) 1)支持，幫助(vt)：I pointed out that we were all workers and should～by one another. 我指出我們都是工人，應(yīng)該互相支持和幫助。2)信(遵)守(vt)：I～by my word at all times.我永遠(yuǎn)信守自己的諾言。
?stand down (v adv) 1)(作證后)退出證人席(vi)：Thank you. You may now～down. 謝謝，現(xiàn)在你可以離席了。2)退出(競選等)，退職(vi)：The mayor is going to～down in favour of a younger man. 這位市長準(zhǔn)備辭職，讓位給年輕一點的人。3)(軍隊)使離崗(解除戒備狀態(tài))(vi & vt)：“S～down，men.” said the captain. 連長說：“全體解散?！?br>?stand for (v prep) 1)是……的縮寫(vt.無pass)：What do the letters PTO～for? 字母 PTO 是什么的縮寫? 2)代表(vt，無pass)：Our flag～s for our country. 我們的旗幟代表我們的國家。3)贊成，支持(vt.無pass)：He always～s for what is right. 他對正確的事物總是支持的。4)忍受，容忍(vt)(infml)：The teacher wouldn't～for such behaviour. 那位教師不會容忍這種行為。
?stand in for (v adv prep)代替(vt，無pass)：Will you～in for me for about twenty minutes? 你能代替我20分鐘左右嗎?
?stand out (v adv) 1)顯而易見，突出(vt)：The red house～s out against the background of green hills. 這座紅房子在青山的映襯下十分奪目。2)突(杰)出，出色(vi)：Even as a schoolboy player，he stood out from the rest of the team. 甚至在當(dāng)校隊隊員的時候，他就比隊中的其他人出色。3)繼續(xù)抵抗(反對)(vt，無pass)：The trade unions have continued to～out against the government's wage and price controls. 工會繼續(xù)抗議政府對工資和價格的管制。
?stand over (v prep)密切注意(監(jiān)視)(vt)：Ted's mother had to～over him to get him to do his homework. 特德的母親不得不監(jiān)視著他，讓他完成作業(yè)。
?stand to (v adv)(命令)作好戰(zhàn)斗準(zhǔn)備(vi & vt)：The troops (were) stood to in case of attack.(命令)部隊作好準(zhǔn)備，抵御進(jìn)攻。
?stand up (v adv) 違約(vt)：Jim said he'd be at the station，but he stood me up! 吉米說他將在車站等我，但他食言了。
?stand up for (v adv prep)為……辯護，支持(vt)：All my friends will～up for me. 所有的朋友都將支持我。
?stand up (to)(v adv)經(jīng)得起(vi)：His wife's health will not～up to this cold damp climate. 他妻子的健康狀況將經(jīng)不起這寒冷潮濕氣候的影響。
?stand up to (v adv prep) 1)對(反)抗(vt)：You must～up to him. 你必須敢于反抗他。A soldier must～up to danger. 一個士兵必須勇于面對危險。2)耐久(用)(vt)：My old bicycle has stood up to the bad roads. 我那輛舊自行車經(jīng)住了這破路面上的顛簸。
?→′stand-by n 備用的人或物;′stand-in n 替身;′standing n 身份;地位;持續(xù)時間;adj 常備的;長期有效的;直立的;站著進(jìn)行的;?stand-′offish adj 冷淡的，矜持的;′stand-up adj 站著吃的;說單口相聲的;直接而激烈的;
?n (1)站立，立腳點(place taken up by the act of standing)[C，sing]：take one's～in the corner 站在角落里;His feet ached from the two-hour～. 他站了兩個小時雙腳都站痛了?！纪絪tanding;〖反〗sit;
?(2)抵抗(御)的時間(period of time of a strong effort of opposition)[C]：a～of thirty days 30天的抵抗;put up a～進(jìn)行反擊;mount a determined～against the closure of the school 發(fā)動了一場堅決抵制學(xué)校關(guān)閉的運動;make a valiant～against the fierce attack 對兇猛的進(jìn)攻進(jìn)行英勇的抵抗;〖同〗defence，resistance，effort，hold;〖反〗collapse，retreat，withdrawal;
?(3)架，臺，座(object，esp a piece of furniture，for holding or supporting sth)[C](常構(gòu)成合成詞)：a coat/hat～ 衣/帽架;an umbrella～ 傘架;a music～樂譜架;Where is the vegetable～?放蔬菜的架子在哪兒?
?(4)攤(位)，售貨臺(亭)(area，stall or other structure where goods are displayed for sale or advertisement)[C]：a flower/fruit～鮮花/水果攤; a market～市場的攤位; have a～at the book fair 書展中有個攤位;〖同〗counter，tent;
?(5)看臺(large sloping structure beside a football pitch，race course，etc with rows of seats for spectators)[C，常pl]：the west～(s)西看臺;sit in the (grand)～to watch the football match 坐在大看臺上觀看足球比賽;watch the baseball game from the～s 從看臺上觀看壘球比賽;hit the ball into the～把球擊入觀眾席;
?(6)停車處，站(place or station in a street occupied by vehicles available for hire)[C]：a taxi-～出租汽車停車處;a～for ten taxis 可停10輛出租車的車站;
?(7)(巡回演出劇團在一地的)停留(演出)(stop on a performance tour)[C]：a series of one-night～s 一系列只演一晚的演出;open a four-week～開始為期四周的固定演出;
?(8)(法庭上的)證人席(witness-box (in a law court))[C，通常sing](AmE)：take the～作證;The witness duly arrived and was put on the～. 證人準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)并被帶進(jìn)證人席。
?make a stand (against/for sth/sb)準(zhǔn)備抵抗(斗爭，反對)：They fled instead of making a～. 他們不是抵抗而是逃跑。The army made a～against the advancing enemy. 部隊攔擊敵人。
?take a/one's stand (on sth)采取某種立場或態(tài)度：They are expected to take an uncompromising～at the conference. 預(yù)計他們將在會上采取不妥協(xié)的立場。
?→′stand-pipe n(建筑物外的)供水豎管;′standpoint n 立足點，立場;standstill n 停(中)止;
?【辨異】stand與 bear、endure和tolerate的區(qū)別見BEAR。