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v (1)(使)出汗((cause to) give out drops of liquid through the pores of the skin)[I，T+n]：～profusely in the heat/heavily with fear 暑熱時(shí)大汗淋漓/由于害怕冒大汗;The soldiers～ed in the hot sun/under a load of equipment/after working hard. 戰(zhàn)士們在烈日下/背負(fù)沉重的設(shè)備時(shí)/拼命工作后汗流浹背。Vigorous exercise makes you～. 強(qiáng)體力鍛煉使人出汗?！玜 horse 使馬出汗;

(2)使?jié)B出水分(cause to extract moisture)[T+n]：～tobacco leaves 焙烤煙葉使之發(fā)酵;

(3)滲出(蒙上)一層水珠(滴)(condense and accumulate (water) on a surface)[I]：The walls are～ing with damp. 墻壁由于潮濕滲出水滴。Sometimes a pitcher of ice-water (cheese)～s on a hot day/in hot weather. 有時(shí)冰水水罐(乳酪)在熱天/炎熱氣候下結(jié)水珠。

(4)處于焦慮狀態(tài)(be in condition of great anxiety)[I](fig，infml)：I wanted to know the secret very much but he let me～a little. 我非常想了解秘密，可他卻讓我著急了一陣子。

(5)(使)汗流浹背(拼命干)((force to) work very hard)[I，I+prep (over)，T+n]：～to get a job done 拼命要把一項(xiàng)工作完成;～(away) at one's work from morning till night 從早到晚拼命工作;～over one's last essay 努力寫好最后一篇論文;The employer～s his workers. 雇主使工人們汗流浹背地干活?！玡d labour 血汗勞工;

(6)用出汗方法治療(attempt to cure by sweating)[T+n+adv (out)]：～out a cold/a fever 用出汗方法治療感冒/發(fā)燒;

sweat blood (infml) 1)拼命干：Last night I～ed blood to finish the writing. 昨晚我玩命才把東西寫完。2)非常擔(dān)心(害怕)：He～ed blood for a while thinking he had broken the new computer. 他嚇了一跳，心想這下可把新的計(jì)算機(jī)搞壞了。

sweat it out 忍受(焦急地等待)到最后：The soldiers had to～it out under heavy bombing for several hours. 戰(zhàn)士們只得忍受幾個(gè)小時(shí)的猛烈轟炸。

sweat off (v adv) 通過排汗減輕(體重)(vt)：He～ed five pounds/his fat off on the tennis court. 在網(wǎng)球場上他揮汗打球，減輕了五磅體重/減了肥。

sweat one's guts out 拼命干：Normally，I～ed my guts out on a milling machine with the rest. 通常我和其他人在銑床上拼命干活。

n(1)汗(水)(liquid that comes out through one's skin when one is hot)[U]：a vest damp with～汗水浸濕的汗衫;S～dripped from the horse's flanks. 汗水從馬的肋腹上淌下來。I could see～forming on his forehead/his brow. 我能看見汗水凝聚在他的額頭/眉毛上。He was dipping with～after running so far in the heat. 熱天里跑了這么遠(yuǎn)的路，他汗水直淌。They built the new house with the～of their brow. 他們揮汗苦干，建造了這座新房。

(2)出汗(condition of being covered with sweat)[U，a～]：be/break out in a～渾身是汗/突然出汗;A good～will do you good/cure a cold. 出一身透汗會對你有好處/治感冒。The horrible sound brought me out in a cold～. 可怕的聲音使我嚇出一身冷汗。He was in a cold～from fear/over the exam. 由于害怕/在考試過程中他出了一身冷汗。Every two hours he had sudden～s.他每隔兩小時(shí)就突然出一身汗。

(3)凝結(jié)的水珠(any condensation of moisture on a surface)[U]：Hot food placed inside a plastic bag will cause～to form on the inside surface of the bag. 塑料袋內(nèi)裝熱食物，可以使袋子的內(nèi)側(cè)表面凝聚水珠。

(4)苦活，使人出汗的工作(hard，usu unpleasant，work)[U，a～](fig，infml)：We cannot stand the～of it. 我們?nèi)淌懿涣诉@工作的勞累。Learning a new language is an awful～. 學(xué)習(xí)一門新的語言不是一件容易的事。We had to clean the whole floor — what a～!我們得把整個(gè)地板清掃一遍，真是苦差!“Sorry to have let you do such kind of work.”“No～!”“很抱歉讓你干這樣的活兒。”“沒關(guān)系!”

(5)焦急，緊張，不安(anxious condition;state of nervousness)[U，a～]：The runners were in a～to get started. 參賽運(yùn)動(dòng)員焦急地等待起跑。He was in a～in case his enemies should find him. 他心里很緊張，唯恐?jǐn)橙藭l(fā)現(xiàn)他。He was all of a～before the game. 比賽之前他十分緊張。

→′sweaty adj 汗?jié)裢傅?′sweater n 出汗者;運(yùn)動(dòng)衫;′sweat-band n 防汗帶;′sweat-gland n 汗腺