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| 詞匯 | break |
| 釋義 | break1 /breik; brek/ vt, vi (pt broke /brauk; brok/ old Eng 古英語作 brake) /breik; brek/, pp broken /'braukan; 'brokan/ 1 [VP6A, 15B, 2A, C] (of a whole thing) (cause to) go or come into two or more separate parts as the result of force, a blow or strain (but not by cutting): (指完整白 5 東西) 打破; 擊破; 打斷; 破碎; 破裂; 斷 (但非由切割所致)： When she dropped the teapot it broke. 她把茶壺掉在地上打破了。 The boy fell from the tree and broke his leg. 那男孩從樹上跌下，跌斷了腿。 Glass easily. 玻璃容易破碎。 If you pull too hard you will ~ the rope. 你如果太用力拉，就會(huì)把繩子拉斷。 The string broke. 繩子斷了。 ~ into/to pieces; ~ in two, etc, (cause to) come or go into pieces, in two, etc parts: (使) 成商片; (使) 破成兩半 He broke the box into pieces. 他把匣子打成粉碎。 When I hit the ball, my bat broke in two. 番我擊球時(shí), 我的球棒斷成兩截。 2 [VP6A, 15B, 2A, C] (of a part or parts) (cause to) be separate or discontinuous because of force or strain: (指部份) (使) 分離; (使) 斷折： He broke a branch from the tree. 他從樹上凱下一枝樹枝。 The door-handle has broken off. 門病已經(jīng)折斷。 A large part of it broke away, came off. 它成亍一大塊。 ~ sb/oneself of' a habit, succeed in getting him/oneself to give it up, 使某人 (自己) 戒除一種習(xí)慣。 3 [VP6A] make (sth) useless by injuring an essential part (of a machine, apparatus, etc): 損壞; 破壞 (機(jī)器等)： ~ a clock/ a sewing-machine. 損壞一座鐘 (一架縫紉機(jī)) 。 4 [VP2D, 22] (with 。明) : ( 與形容詞連用)： ~ even, make neither a profit nor a loss. 不賺也不虧; 成和局; 不分勝負(fù)。 ~ 'loose (from), get or become separate: 沖脫或脫離 (鎖煉等)： The dog has broken loose, got free from its chain. 狗掙脫鎖煉了。 All hell has broken loose, all the devils in hell have escaped; (fig) (used to describe a scene of confusion, eg a bombardment), 地獄里所有的惡魔都逃出來了; (喻) (用以描寫混亂的情形，例如炮轟) 。 ~ sth open, get it open by using force: 用力打開; 撬開： ~ open a safe/door/the lid of a desk. 用力打開保險(xiǎn)柜 (門，桌面) 。 5 [VP2A, C] (with various subjects): (與各種主詞連扇)： The abscess/blister/ bubble broke, burst. 膿瘡 (水泡，氣泡) 破了。 Day was beginning to ~, daylight was beginning. 天開始亮了。 → daybreak. His voice is beginning to ~, change in quality as he reaches manhood. 他的聲音開始變粗了 (長大成人的現(xiàn)象) 0She was filled with emotion and her voice broke, She faltered, was unable to speak clearly because of emotion. 她激制 j 得說不出資來。 The storm broke, began, burst into activity. 暴風(fēng)雨驟然而來。 The fine weather/The heat-wave/The frost broke, The period of fine weather, etc ended after being settled. 好天氣 (熱天氣，霜寒) (經(jīng)過一段持續(xù)之后) 突然轉(zhuǎn)變。 Cf 參較 How long will the fine weather hold? 這好天氣將會(huì)持續(xù)好久？ The clouds broke (= parted, showed an opening) and the sun came through. 云開出一條縫隙，太陽就須出來了。 The waves were ~ing (= curling and falling) over/on/against the rocks. 浪濤沖擊著巖石。 The sea was ~ing (= sending waves that were ~ing) on the beach/over the wrecked ship. 海浪沖刷著海灘 (破船的殘骸) 。 The enemy broke (= developed gaps in their lines, fell into confusion) and fled. 敵軍敗陣而逃。 When the bank broke (= was unable to carry on business because of lack of funds), many people were ruined. 當(dāng)銀行倒閉時(shí)，許多人都跟著破產(chǎn)了。 A good boiler can make the ball ~, (in cricket) change from its course when it strikes the ground. (板球) 好的球手能使球著地時(shí)改變方向。 6 [VP6A] (with various objects): (與各種賓語連用)： ~ sb's back/neck/nose, etc, cause the bone(s) of the back, etc to be out of the right position. 擊斷某人的脊骨 (頸項(xiàng)、鼻梁等) 。 → back ⑴ . ~ the bank, exhaust its funds; win all the money that the person managing a gambling game has, 把莊家所有的錢都贏來; 耗光莊家的賭本。 bounds, (mil) go out of bounds without permission or authority. (軍) 擅自進(jìn)入禁止軍人進(jìn)入之場(chǎng)所。 ~ one's fall, weaken its effect, make it less violent. 減弱其捧跌之力。 ~ the force of sth, reduce its force by bearing part of it: 減弱某物的力量： The tall hedge ~s the force of the wind. 高的樹籬能減弱風(fēng)力。 → windbreak. ~ fresh/new ground, (fig) start work at sth new. (喻) 開辟新天地; 開創(chuàng)新事業(yè)。 ~ sb's heart. reduce him to despair. 令某人心碎; 令某人絕望。 ~ a man, ruin him; compel him to reveal a secret, etc. 使某人破產(chǎn); 毀滅某人; 迫使其吐露秘密。 ~ the news, make it known. 泄漏消息、。 ~ the (bad) news (to sb), reveal the news in such a way that its effect is less of a shock. 用一點(diǎn)技巧 (向某人) 透露 (壞) 消息以便減輕聽者所受的打擊。 ~ an officer, dismiss him, take his commission from him. 開除一軍官 (免去他的軍職) 。~ - path/ way, make one by pushing or beating aside obstacles. (U除障礙) 開辟一條道路; 打出一條路來。 ~ prison/gaol, escape from, make one's way out of, prison. 越獄。 ~ ranks, (of soldiers) leave the ranks without permission. (指士兵) (未獲準(zhǔn)而) 脫離隊(duì)伍。 ~ s (Commonwealth/Olympic/ World, etc) record, do better than it, make a new record. 打破 (大英國協(xié)，奧運(yùn)，世界等的) 紀(jì)錄; 締造新紀(jì)錄。 ~ a set of books/china, etc, cause it to be incomplete by giving away or selling a part or parts of it, 拆散一套書籍 (瓷器等) (如贈(zèng)送或賣去一部份使之不能成鑫) 。 ~ the skin on one's elbow/ knees/knuckles, etc, graze it, so as to cause bleeding. 擦破手肘 (膝蓋、指節(jié)等) 。 ~ step, (of soldiers) stop marching rhythmically in step, eg to avoid excessive vibration on a weak bridge. (指士兵) 改用便步走 (例如在危橋上避免過分的震動(dòng)) 。 ~ a strike, end it by compelling the workers to submit. 迫使工人停止龍工。 strike breaker. ~ wind, expel wind from the bowels or stomach. 放屁。 also code (3), cover1 (5), icep). 7 [VP6A, 15A, B] train or discipline: 訓(xùn)練; 馴養(yǎng)： ~ a horse (in), bring it to a disciplined state: 馴馬 a wel broken horse; 馴良的馬; ~ a horse to harness/ to the rein, accustom it to wearing harness, etc. 馴馬使慣于戴黑具 (密繩) 。 8 [VP6A, 15B] subdue, keep under, end by force: 壓倒; 制服; 控制; 以武力使之結(jié)束： ~ sb's spirit/will; 瓦解某人的精神 (意志); ~ (down) the enemy's resistance; 粉碎敵人的抵抗; ~ the power of the rebel leader. 浦段叛亂首領(lǐng)的勢(shì)力。 9 [VP6A] act in opposition to; infringe: 違犯; 違背; 違反; 侵犯; 侵害： ~ the law/the rules/a regulation; 違法 (規(guī), 章); ~ a contract/an agreement; 違背契約 (應(yīng)定); ~ the Sabbath, do things on a Sunday that should not be done; 不守安息日 (在星期夭做不應(yīng)該做的事); ~ one's word/a promise, fail to keep a promise： 不守諾言; 會(huì)言; ~ an appointment, fail to keep it ; 失約; 爽約; ~ faith with sb, betray or deceive him. 不忠于某人; 欺騙某 Ao 10 [VP6A] interrupt or destroy the continuity of; end the operation or duration of: 使中止; 宿中斷; 停止： ~ (the) silence, end it, eg by speaking; 打破沉寂 (如開始說話); ~ one's journey (at a place); (在某地) 中止其旅行; ~ the peace, cause a disturbance; 破壞治安 (引起騷動(dòng)); ~ one's fast, (old use) take food after going without, breakfast; (舊用法) 開齋; 齋戒過后恢復(fù)進(jìn)食; ~ short (a conversation, etc), end it; 結(jié)束; 終止 (談話等); a broken night's sleep, one that is disturbed or interrupted. 一夜未能熟睡。 11 [VP15B, 2C, 3A] (special uses with adverbial particles and preps) : (與副詞接語及介詞連用之特殊用法)： break away (from), go away suddenly or abruptly; give up (habits, modes of thought or belief): 突然走開或轉(zhuǎn)變方向; 掙脫; 脫逃; 革除 (習(xí)慣、思想方式或信仰) The prisoner broke away (= escaped after a struggle) from his guards. 囚犯自看守者手中掙脫。 Can't you ~ away from old habits? 你不能戒除禮習(xí)慣嗎? About twenty members of the Conservative Party have broken away (— seceded). 大約有二十個(gè)保守黨黨員脫征了。 There has been a ~-away from the Party. 黨中有人脫黨。 One of the provinces has broken away to form a new State. 話省中有一省已經(jīng)脫離而獨(dú)立成一新國家。 break 'down, a collapse: 崩潰; 瓦解： His resistance will ~ down in time. 他的抵抗終久是會(huì)瓦解的。 Our plans have broken down. 我們的計(jì)劃已經(jīng)失敗了。 Negotiations have broken down. 談判已破裂。 b become disabled or useless: (指機(jī)器尊) 出毛病; 質(zhì)龍： The car/engine/machinery broke down, ie because of a mechanical fault. 汽車 (我動(dòng)機(jī), 機(jī)器) 壞掉了。 That old broken-down buj is not worth ￡5. 那輛破舊的公車值不了五鎊錢。 c suffer a physical or mental weakening: 身體或精神衰弱： His health broke down. 他的身體變尊弱亍。 d be overcome by emotion, eg by bursting into tears: 情緒失去控制 (如突然大哭)： She broke down when she heard the news, but quickly, recovered. 她聽到那消息就哭了起來，但很快就恢復(fù)過來了。 ~ sth down, a get (a door, wall, etc) down by battering it. 將 (門，墻等) 搗毀。 b overthrow by force; suppress: 武力推翻; 鎮(zhèn)噠： ~ down all resistance/' opposition. 鎮(zhèn)壓一切抵抗 (反對(duì)) 。 c divide, analyse, classify (statistical material) : 分析; 分類 (統(tǒng)計(jì)資料)： ~ down expenditure, give details of how money ery, etc: (機(jī)器等) 壞掉; 出毛?。?There was a ~ down on the railway and trains were delayed. 鐮路出了毛病，列車誤點(diǎn)了。 The earthquake has caused a down of communications. 地震造成了交通電訊的中斷 (交通與電訊設(shè)備的損壞) 。 Hence, 由此產(chǎn)生， ' ~- down gang, men called to repair or remove a train, etc that has been derailed, smashed, etc. (修理或清除出軌, 撞毀等之火車等的) 搶修大隊(duì)。 b collapse; weakening: 不支; 病倒; 衰弱： He's suffering from a nervous ~ dow/i. 他正患神經(jīng)衰弱。 c statistical analysis: 統(tǒng)計(jì)分析; 析列： a ~ of expenditure. 支出析列。 is spent. 列出開支細(xì)目。 d change the chemical composition of; 分禰…去化學(xué)成份： Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach. 糖與淀粉在胃中被分解。 '~down n a failure in machin- break forth, (esp fig, of anger, indignation) burst out. (尤用于比喻，指怒氣) 爆發(fā); 突發(fā); 迸發(fā)。 break in, enter a building by force： 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入房屋： Burglars had broken in while we were away on holiday. 我們出外度假時(shí)，小偷闖入屋內(nèi)行竊。 Hence, 由此產(chǎn)生， '~-in n: The police are investigating a ~-in at the local bank. 警方正在調(diào)查一件闖入當(dāng)?shù)劂y行的竊案。 ~ sb (esp a horse) in. → 7 above; 參看上切 j 第 7 義; train and discipline; accustom sb to a new routine. 使某人習(xí)慣于新的常規(guī); 訓(xùn)練; (尤指) 馴馬。 ~ in (up) on, disturb; interrupt: 打擾; 打斷： Please don't ~ in on our conversation. 請(qǐng)不要打斷我們的談話。 break into, a force one's way into (a building, etc): 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入; 闖入 (建筑物等)： His house was broken into (ie by burglars or thieves) last week. 他的房屋上星期曾有竊賊潛入。 b bunst suddenly into: 突然發(fā)出; 突然開始：~(?！?，) into a loud laugh/into loud curses/into song/into praises of sb. 突然發(fā)出大笑 (大聲詛咒，唱起歌來，稱贊某人) 。 c change one's method of movement suddenly: 突然改變步法： ~ into a run/trot/gallop. 突然奔跑 (疾走，飛奔) 。 d occupy, take up, undesirably: 侵占： Social duties ~ into my time /leisure. 社交應(yīng)酬侵占了我的時(shí)間 (閑暇) 。 e (of coins and notes) : (指硬幣及鈔票 j: ~ into a pound note, use one to pay for sth costing less than this sum: 用一鎊的鈔票支付不及一鎊之款額： I can't pay you the 50p I owe you without ~ing into a ￡5 note. 我要付你五十便士的欠款, 就得兌散一張五鏑的鈔票。 f open and draw upon emergency supplies: 打開并提取緊急補(bǔ)給品： The garrison broke into their reserves of ammunition. 衛(wèi)戍部隊(duì)啟用儲(chǔ)備的彈藥。 break off, a stop speaking: 停止說話; 中斷說話： He broke off in the middle of a sentence. 他一句話建未說完就中斷了。 b pause; stop temporarily: 停頓; 暫時(shí)停止： Let's ~ off for half an hour and have some tea. 讓我們小態(tài)半小時(shí)喝點(diǎn)茶。 ~ (sth) off, a (cause to) separate (a part of sth) : (使) 斷折： The mast broke off/was broken off. 船桅斷了。 b end abruptly: 突然斷絕; 突然中止： ~ off relations (with sb); (與某人) 絕交; ~ off an engagement/conversation. 解約 (突然停止談話) → break out, coutbreak, (of fire, disease, war, rioting, violence) appear, start, suddenly: (指火災(zāi)、 疾病、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、暴動(dòng)、暴亂) 突然發(fā)生： A fire broke out during the night. 夜間突然發(fā)生火警 o The quarrel broke out afresh. 爭(zhēng)吵再度爆潔。 Riots and disorders have broken out. 暴動(dòng)與騷亂已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。 ~ oi/t (of). escape: 脫逃： Several prisoners broke out of the jail. 有幾個(gè)囚犯自獄中脫逃。 ~ out in, a suddenly become covered with: 突然布滿： His face broke out in pimples/a rash. 他的臉突然間長出粉刺 (紅疹) 。 He broke out in a cold sweat, was struck with fear. 他嚇得渾身出冷汗。 b show sudden violence in speech or behaviour: (言語或行為) 突然激烈： He broke out in a rage/in curses. 他勃然大怒 (破口大罵) 。 break through, make a way through (an enclosure, obstacles, etc): 突破 (幽侖、障礙物等)： The enemy's defences were strong but our soldiers broke through. 敵人的防線很堅(jiān)強(qiáng), 但仍為我軍所突破。 The sun broke through (the clouds). 太陽期出 (云層) 來了。 ~ through sth, overcome: 亙祖; 征服; 壓倒： ~ through a man's reserve. 打破某人含蓄緘默的態(tài)度。 Hence, 由此產(chǎn)生, '~.through n a (mil) piercing (of the enemy's defences). (軍) ( ■ 人防線的) 突破 b major achievement, eg in technology: (科學(xué)技術(shù)等方面的) 主要成就; 突破： a -through in cancer research. 癌癥研究的突破。 break up, a come to pieces; disintegrate: 破碎; 碎裂; 瓦解： The ship was ing up on the rocks. 船在礁石上撞毀了。 The gathering broke up in disorder. 集會(huì)一哄而散。 b (fig, of persons) go to pieces; become weak: (喻, 指人) 身體衰弱; 變?nèi)酰?He broke up under the strain. 他棄垮了。 c (of a school, etc) separate at the end of term for holidays: (指學(xué)校等) 學(xué)期結(jié)束; 放寒 (暑) 假： When do you ~ 'up? 你們 (的學(xué)校) 何時(shí)放寒 (骨) 假？ d (of a couple, a relationship) come to an end: (指婚姻或關(guān)系) 結(jié)束： The marriage is ~ing up. 該婚姻瀨臨破裂。 e divide: 分開： Sentences ~ up into clauses. 句子訂分成若干了句。 ~ sth up, a smash; demolish: 鋼碎; 搗毀： ~ up a box for firewood; 搗毀一只箱子當(dāng)柴燒; ~ up an old ship for scrap metal. 拆毀仍般當(dāng)廢鐵。 b (cause to) split, of divide: (使) 分關(guān); 分成： ~ up a piece of work (among several persons). 分配一件工作 (由數(shù)人擔(dān)任) 。 c (cause to) disperse: (使) 分散; 驛散： The police broke up the crowd/meeting. 警察驅(qū)散群眾 (集會(huì)的人) 。 d bring to an end: 使結(jié)束; 終止： They broke up the alliance. 他們終爪了聯(lián)盟 (或婚姻關(guān)系) 。 Hence, 由此產(chǎn)生，' ~-up n (end of a marriage, coalition, etc). (婚姻、聯(lián)盟等的) 結(jié)束。 e (esp of a period of fine weather) change for the worse; end: (尤指經(jīng)過一段時(shí)期的好天氣之后) 變壞; 終止： The weather is ~ing up. 天氣變壞了。 break with, a end a friendship with: 與…絕交： ~ with an old friend. 與老朋友絕學(xué)。 b give up; make an end of: 放棄; 結(jié)束： ~ with old habits; 革除普習(xí)慣; ~ with old ties, eg when leaving a district. 斷絕舊關(guān)系 (例如離開一個(gè)地區(qū)時(shí)) 。 |
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高三復(fù)習(xí)網(wǎng)英漢詞典收錄370961條英漢翻譯詞條，基本涵蓋了全部常用英語單詞的釋義及用法，是英語學(xué)習(xí)的有利工具。