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| 詞匯 | the |
| 釋義 | the /'before consonants:Ss; da; before vowels: Si; Si; strong form: Si:; Si/ def art 1 (used as a less specific form of this, these, that, those, applied to person(s), thing(s), event(s), etc already referred to or being discussed. Note the changes from the indef art to the def art in these sentences): (為，this, these, that, those 的較不明確的形式，用以指已提過的或正在討論中的人、物、事等。注意下列諸句中從不定冠詞變?yōu)槎ü谠~的用法)： An old man and an old woman once lived in a small hut by a river near a forest. One day the old man left the hut and went into the forest to gather wood. The old woman went to the river to wash clothes. 從前有一位老人及一位老婦住在河畔靠近森林的一座小茅屋里。 有一天那位老人離開茅屋，進入森林去采薪。那位老婦到河邊去洗衣服。 2 (used when who or what is re-ferred to is quite obvious): (用于所指的人或物十分明顯的情況)： Please take these letters to the post office, ie the post office near by, the post office of this district. 請把這些信拿到郵局去(指附近的或本區(qū)的郵局)。 Please close the window, ie the window that is open. 請把窗戶關起來 (指蘭著的那個窗戶)。 Shall we have a walk by the river? eg in London, the River Thames. 咱宿到河邊去散散步好不好？(如在倫敦，指的是泰晤士河。) 3 (used with a n when it stands for sth unique): (與代表獨一無二事物的名詞連用)： the sun; 太陽; the moon; 月亮; the year 1939; 一九三九年; the universe. 宇宙。 4 (used with n such as sea, sky, wind (as in 2 above) when there is no adj): (與無形容詞修飾的名詞如 sea, sky, wind 等字連用，用法如上列第 2 義)： The sea was ca/m. 海上風平浪靜。 There's an aeroplane in the sky. 天上有一架飛梭。 Isn't the wind strong! 多強的風兩! Note that the use of an adj to describe the sea, wind, etc may make the use of the indef art possible: 注意：這些字如有形容詞修飾，亦可能用不定冠詞： There was a calm sea (cf 參較 The sea was calm) when I crossed from Dover to Calais. 我從多佛渡海至加來時，海上風平浪靜。 What a stormy-looking sky! 好一個陰沈的天空，像是暴風雨要來了！ There was a cold wind (cf 參較 The wind was cold) 臺起了一陣冷風。 5 (used with a n if it is modified by a phrase or clause that makes it unique): (如蚤名詞部片語或子句所修飾因而具有獨特性質時，則與該名詞連用 Y.the back of the house; 房屋的后部; Me left side of the road; 京的左側; (In many phrases the def art is or may be omitted: 在許多片語中，定冠詞須省去或可以省去： from beginning to end; 自始至終; from (the) top to (the) bottom; 從頂端到底部; 加 (the) future. 在未來。) 6 (used with the superl): (與殽高級連用)： the best way to get there; 去那里最佳的方法; the tallest of the five men; 五人中的鼓高若; the most interesting book I have ever read. 我紐過的迎有趣的書 。 (The def art is not needed in the predicate after the v 'be' when the super! is used without a n: 接在 be 動詞后面的高級形容詞不圍名詞連用時無需定冠詞： It is wisest (— The wisest plan is) to avoid the centre of the town. 避開市中心足技聰明的 (最聰明的計劃)o When most means very, the def art is not used: 作 very 解的 most 之前，不加定冠詞： The story was most exciting. 這故事非常動人。 This is a most useful reference book. 適電一本極有用的參考書。) most2(3). 7 used before 用于下列各尊有名詞之前 a names of seas and oceans: 海洋的女稱： the Mediterranean, the Red Sea; 地苗福，紅海; the Atlantic (Ocean). the Indian Ocean. 大西昆，印度洋。 b names of rivers and canals: 河流及運河的名稱： the Nile; 尼羅河; the river Thames; 泰晤士河; the Suez Canal. 蘇伊士運河。 c pl geographical names: 復數(shù)地理名稱： the Alps; 阿爾卑斯山; the Philippines; 菲律賓群島; the West Indies; 西印度群句 the Netherlands. 商蘭。 d in a few geographical names: 在少數(shù)幾商地存中： the Sudan; 蘇丹; the Sahara. 撒哈拉。 8 (used with adj and participles to denote all members of a class): (與形容詞及分詞連用，表示一類的全體分子) : the rich, the young, and the beautiful; 富人、年輕人及美麗的人; the dead, the dying, and the wounded, eg after a battle. 死者、垂死者及傷者。 9 the + adj, (equivalent to an abstract n) : (與形容詞連用，相當瓜抽象名詞) : the sublime, sublimity. 崇高。 10 (used formerly with names of diseases, now usually ommitted except with colloq or si pl) : (昔輿病名連用, 現(xiàn)在除口語或俚語的復數(shù)外，通常不加定冠詞)： She's got the creeps/the fidgets/the blues. 她感到戰(zhàn)栗 (不安，沮喪) 。 Survivals of the older use: 殘存的舊用法： The child has (the) measles. 那孩子患麻疹。 11 Note: 注意 (樂器名稱前面加 the)： to play the piano/the violin/the banjo, etc, 彈鋼琴 (拉小提琴; 扇班究毎等) ，but (with names of games) : 但是 (游成名韓葡面不加 the) to play tennis/football/ cards/chess/billiards, etc. 打網球 (踢足球; 玩牌; 下棋; 打彈子等) 。 12 (used with a sing common n to denote the whole class, eg of animals or plants): (與單數(shù)普通名詞連用表示全類, 如指動物或植物)： Is it true that the owl cannot see well in daylight? 貓頭鷹白天看不淸楚是真的嗎? (In colloq style, the use of the pl, without the def art, is more usu: 口語中，不加定冠詞的復數(shù)形式更為通用： Is it true that owls cannot.. . 13 (used in a similar way with names of inventions. In this case the use of the def art with the sing n is usu in both liter and colloq styles): (與發(fā)明物連用，用法同上。唯定冠詞與單數(shù)名詞連用的用法，在文學及口語文體中皆通用)： don't know who invented the wheel. 我們不知道輪子是誰發(fā)明的。 The telephone is a most useful invention. 電話是一項極有用的發(fā)明。 14 (used with n expressing a unit): (與名詞連用表示一單位)： This car does thirty miles to the gallon, ie to each gallon of petrol. 這部汽車每加侖汽油跑三十英里。 These apples are small; there are seven or eight to the kilo, ie to each kilo. 這些蘋果很小; 一公斤有七、八個。 I get paid by the hour, ie I earn so much for each hour's work, 我是按小時計酬的。 adv by so much; by that amount; (used before an adj or adv in the comparative degree to indicate that fwo things increase or decrease in a parallel way, or that one increases in a degree equal to that by which another decreases): 達此程度; 至該數(shù)額; 愈; 更; (用于形容詞或副詞的比較級前，表示二物同樣増加或減少, 或一方增加的程度相當于另一方減少的程度)： The more he gets the more he wants. 他得到的愈多，想要的愈多。 The more he reads the less he understands. 他愈讀愈技不懂。 |
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