| 釋義 |
儒學(xué)rú xuéConfucianism愛人 [ài rén] love for people
愛無差等 [ài wú chā děnɡ] loving all uniformly
安 [ān] peacefulness of spirit
安其危 [ān qí wēi] making perils safepossessedness
安仁 [ān rén] resting in virtue; being content with virtue
安社稷 [ān shè jì] tranquilizing the state
邦無道 [bānɡ wú dào] badly-governed country
邦有道 [bānɡ yǒu dào] well-governed country
保民 [bǎo mín] protecting the people
本末 [běn mò] root and branch
必敬 [bì jìnɡ] always with respectfulness
辟言 [pì yán] restraining from inflammatory words
避世 [bì shì] retreating from the world
避邪 [bì xié] avoiding evil influences
辨惑 [biàn huò] uncovering delusions
博學(xué) [bó xué] extensive learning/study
博以文 [bó yǐ wén] expanding the mind with learning
不報無道 [bú bào wú dào] not revenging unreasonable conduct
不恥下問 [bú chǐ xià wèn] not feel shame to ask of and learn from one’s inferior
不黨 [bú dǎnɡ] non-partisan
不動而敬 [bú dònɡ ér jìnɡ] inspiring respect without acting
不費(fèi) [bú fèi] without great expenditure
不惑 [bú huò] without doubts/suspicions
不驕 [bù jiāo] without pride
不懼 [bú jù] without fear
不陵下 [bú línɡ xià] not treat one’s inferior with contempt
不猛 [bú měnɡ] without fierceness
不遷怒 [bú qiān nù] not transferring anger
不仁 [bù rén] without the virtues proper to humanity
不貪 [bú tān] without greed
不忘 [bú wànɡ] without forgetfulness
不習(xí) [bú xí] not practised
不信 [bú xìn] insincere
不言而信 [bù yán ér xìn] inspiring confidence without words
不義 [bú yì] contrary to right conduct
不憂 [bú yōu] without anxiety
不逾矩 [bú yú jǔ] without transgressing what is right
不援上 [bú yuán shànɡ] not courting the favor of superiors
不怨 [bú yuàn] uncomplaining
不怨天 [bú yuàn tiān] without complaints to Heaven
不知類 [bù zhī lèi] ignorance of the relative importance of things
不忠 [bù zhōnɡ] disloyal
不慍 [bú yùn] not indignant
不愆 [bú qiān] without transgression
察其所安 [chá qí suǒ ān] examining that which contents/pacifies one
長戚戚 [chánɡ qī qī] constantly distressed
成于樂 [chénɡ yú yuè] complete one’s upbringing with Music
誠明 [chénɡ mínɡ] knowledge following from sincerity
充塞仁義 [chōnɡ sè rén yì] full of benevolence and righteousness
崇德 [chónɡ dé] exalting virtue
聰 [cōnɡ] quick apprehension
達(dá)道 [dá dào] the universal truth
達(dá)德 [dá dé] the universal virtue
得志 [dé zhì] attaining one’s purpose
弟 [dì] playing the part of a respectful and obedient brother
定 [dìnɡ] determination
動心忍性 [dònɡ xīn rěn xìnɡ] stimulating oneself, but controlling one’s presence of mind
獨(dú)善其身 [dú shàn qí shēn] attending to one’s own goodness in solitude
篤行 [dǔ xínɡ] work perseveringly
篤志 [dǔ zhì] having a firm and sincere aim
餓其體膚 [è qí tǐ fū] exposing one’s body to hunger
發(fā)憤忘食 [fā fèn wànɡ shí] so eager to study that one forgets about food
反省而誠 [fǎn xǐnɡ ér chénɡ] becoming sincere after self-examination
犯上 [fàn shànɡ] offending one’s superiors
泛愛眾 [fàn ài zhònɡ] overflowing with love for all
放淫辭 [fànɡ yín cí] banishing licentious expressions
放于利而行 [fànɡ yú lì ér xínɡ] acting with an eye open for advantages
夫婦有別 [fū fù yǒu bié] the attention paid to the proper and different roles of husband and wife
服其勞 [fú qí láo] bearing the burden of laborious matters
富貴不能淫 [fù ɡuì bù nénɡ yín] unable to be lewd or corrupted by the power of riches and position
剛 [ɡānɡ] unyielding
格物 [ɡé wù] investigation and research of things
恭 [ɡōnɡ] reverent; respectful
恭而安 [ɡōnɡ ér ān] respectful yet composed
孤臣孽子 [ɡū chén niè zǐ] the last surviving loyal minister and the final heir
寡悔 [ɡuǎ huǐ] few occasions for regret
寡尤 [ɡuǎ yóu] few occasions for blame
寡欲 [ɡuǎ yù] lessening desires
觀 [ɡuān] self-contemplation; self-introspection
觀其所由 [ɡuān qí suǒ yóu] marking another’s motives
觀其行 [ɡuān qí xínɡ] observing one’s conduct
觀其志 [ɡuān qí zhì] observing one’s will or ambitions
歸仁 [ɡuī rén] turning to a goal of benevolence
果 [ɡuǒ] determined decision
好禮 [hào lǐ] thoroughly like propriety
好勇 [hǎo yǒnɡ] loving valor
好戰(zhàn) [hào zhàn] fond of war
和為貴 [hé wéi ɡuì] peacefulness is prized
衡于慮 [hénɡ yú lǜ] although perplexed, but still balanced
弘毅 [hónɡ yì] liberal-mindedness and vigorous endurance
后義 [hòu yì] putting righteousness last
懷德 [huái dé] cherishing virtue
懷惠 [huái huì] cherishing favors/favours
懷刑 [huái xínɡ] having a fear of the law
己欲達(dá)而達(dá)人 [jǐ yù dá ér dá rén] developing oneself, and seeking also to develop others
己欲立而立人 [jǐ yù lì ér lì rén] establishing oneself, and seeking also to establish others
兼愛 [jiān ài] loving all equally
兼善天下 [jiān shàn tiān xià] making the whole world full of goodness in joining with it
驕且吝 [jiāo qiě lìn] proud and stingy
節(jié)用 [jié yònɡ] frugality; careful use of resources
竭其力 [jié qí lì] exerting one’s utmost strength
矜而不爭 [jīn ér bù zhēnɡ] being dignified and not inclined to arguing
謹(jǐn)而信 [jǐn ér xìn] prudent and truthful
進(jìn)取 [jìn qǔ] advancing and laying hold of (truth)
進(jìn)以禮 [jìn yǐ lǐ] going well-mannered into office
近思 [jìn sī] thinking with self-application
近憂 [jìn yōu] sorrow near at hand
盡其心 [jìn qí xīn] employing all of one’s mental
盡心 [jìn xīn] using one’s mind to the utmost
盡性 [jìn xìnɡ] full development of human nature
靜 [jìnɡ] calmness of mind
敬 [jìnɡ] respect
敬老慈幼 [jìnɡ lǎo cí yòu] respecting the old and being kind to the young
敬事 [jìnɡ shì] reverent attention paid to work
據(jù)于道 [jù yú dào] holding onto that which is good
君臣有義 [jūn chén yǒu yì] the appropriate sense of righteousness between sovereign and minister
君為輕 [jūn wéi qīnɡ] The sovereign is the least important.
克己復(fù)禮 [kè jǐ fù lǐ] controlling oneself and observing polite ways
克明峻德 [kè mínɡ jùn dé] make one’s virtuous eminence known
空乏其身 [kōnɡ fá qí shēn] subjecting oneself to extreme poverty
苦其心志 [kǔ qí xīn zhì] suffering with one’s mind
寬柔以教 [kuān róu yǐ jiào] showing forbearance and gentleness in teaching
狂簡 [kuánɡ jiǎn] ambitious, but hasty
困于心 [kùn yú xīn] distressed in mind
勞力 [láo lì] laboring with strength
勞其筋骨 [láo qí jīn ɡǔ] toiling with one’s sinews and bones
勞心 [láo xīn] laboring with the mind
老者安之 [lǎo zhě ān zhī] giving rest to the aged
樂山 [lè shān] enjoying (scenic) hills
樂水 [lè shuǐ] enjoying (scenic) lakes and streams
樂天 [lè tiān] delighting in the world
樂以忘憂 [lè yǐ wànɡ yōu] so joyful (over something) that one forgets his sorrow
利 [lì] profit; profitability
立命 [lì mìnɡ] recognize and develop one’s being
立于禮 [lì yú lǐ] behavior established by the Rule of Propriety
力行進(jìn)乎仁 [lì xínɡ jìn hū rén] Practising in earnest, one draws near benevolence.
良臣 [liánɡ chén] good ministers
臨事而懼 [lín shì ér jù] proceeding to action with fear or anxiety
令色 [lìnɡ sè] assumed appearance; insinuating expression
慮 [lǜ] deliberation
率性 [shuài xìnɡ] according to/following what is natural
亂本 [luàn běn] confuse the basis of something
敏而好學(xué) [mǐn ér hào xué] having an active nature and liking learning
敏于事 [mǐn yú shì] earnest in one’s doings
敏于行 [mǐn yú xínɡ] quick in action
明 [mínɡ] clear in discernment; brilliance; brightness
明辨 [mínɡ biàn] clear discrimination
明誠 [mínɡ chénɡ] sincerity following from knowledge
明明德 [mínɡ mínɡ dé] illustrate illustrious virtue
明人倫 [mínɡ rén lún] clarifying human relations
命 [mìnɡ] fate; destiny; the will of God
木訥 [mù nè] simple and modest in speech
訥于言 [nè yú yán] slow in speech
內(nèi)省 [nèi xǐnɡ] self-examination
內(nèi)自省 [nèi zì xǐnɡ] turning inward and examining oneself
內(nèi)荏 [nèi rěn] inwardly weak
朋友信之 [pénɡ yǒu xìn zhī] making one’s friends believe one
朋友有信 [pénɡ yǒu yǒu xìn] trust between friends
匹夫之勇 [pǐ fū zhī yǒnɡ] the valor of a common man
貧賤不能移 [pín jiàn bù nénɡ yí] not swayed because of poverty and mean conditions
齊家 [qí jiā] keep a family in order
巧言 [qiǎo yán] beguiling words
切磋 [qiē cuō] cutting and polishing (to cultivate oneself)
切問 [qiè wèn] inquiring earnestly and appropriately
親民 [qīn mín] treat the people as one would treat one’s family
親親 [qīn qīn] loving one’s family and relatives
親仁 [qīn rén] make friends with good persons
求其放心 [qiú qí fànɡ xīn] seeking for a carefree mind
求生以害仁 [qiú shēnɡ yǐ hài rén] seeking to live at the expense of virtuous ways
去讒 [qù chán] getting rid of slander
去仁 [qù rén] abandoning benevolence
去人倫 [qù rén lún] banishing human relationships
群 [qún] sociability
群而不黨 [qún ér bù dǎnɡ] sociable rather than a partisan
仁 [rén] perfect virtue; benevolence; goodness
仁聲 [rén shēnɡ] reputation for kindness
仁言 [rén yán] kind/benevolent words
仁義 [rén yì] humaneness and righteousness
人爵 [rén jué] the nobility of man; official titles
人侮之 [rén wǔ zhī] being demeaned by others
任重 [rèn zhònɡ] accepting a heavy burden
柔 [róu] mildness; pliancy
儒家 [rú jiā] Confucianism
睿智 [ruì zhì] being able to perceive the deepest truths both quickly and accurately
三省吾身 [sān xǐnɡ wú shēn] reflecting upon oneself, regarding three points
三思而后行 [sān sī ér hòu xínɡ] think thrice and then act
色厲 [sè lì] stern appearance
殺身以成仁 [shā shēn yǐ chénɡ rén] sacrificing one’s life to preserve one’s virtue
尚志 [shànɡ zhì] aspiring to some goal
少者懷之 [shào zhě huái zhī] caring tenderly for the young
舍生取義 [shě shēnɡ qǔ yì] letting go of life and choosing righteousness instead
審問 [shěn wèn] accurate inquiry
慎 [shèn] caution; prudence
慎思 [shèn sī] careful reflection
慎于言 [shèn yú yán] careful in one’s speech
生于憂患 [shēnɡ yú yōu huàn] life springing from sorrow and calamity
省刑罰 [shěnɡ xínɡ fá] being reserved in the use of punishments and fines
施仁政 [shī rén zhènɡ] setting up a benevolent government for the people
使民以時 [shǐ mín yǐ shí] employment of the people at proper times
侍父母 [shì fù mǔ] serving the parents
述而不作 [shù ér bú zuò] be an interpreter rather than an author
思無邪 [sī wú xié] without depraved thoughts
死于安樂 [sǐ yú ān lè] death resulting from pleasure
天道 [tiān dào] the way of heaven
天地之化育 [tiān dì zhī huà yù] the transforming and nourishing powers of Heaven and Earth
天爵 [tiān jué] the nobility of Heaven (moral greatness)
天之所覆 [tiān zhī suǒ fù] everything under heaven
同而不和 [tónɡ ér bù hé] adulatory, but not affable
退以義 [tuì yǐ yì] retiring from office with the right attitude
威而不猛 [wēi ér bú měnɡ] majestic yet not fierce
威武不能屈 [wēi wǔ bù nénɡ qū] not bent by power or force
危行 [wēi xínɡ] lofty and bold actions
危言 [wēi yán] lofty and bold speech
違仁 [wéi rén] acting contrary to benevolent ways
為政以德 [wéi zhènɡ yǐ dé] exercising government by means of virtue
畏天 [wèi tiān] standing in awe of Heaven
溫而厲 [wēn ér lì] mild and yet dignified
溫故 [wēn ɡù] reviewing knowledge already acquired
無道 [wú dào] without the principles of truth and right; unprincipled course of action
無惡 [wú è] without wickedness
無驕 [wú jiāo] without pride
無倦 [wú juàn] without weariness
無曲防 [wú qū fánɡ] follow no crooked policy in making embankments
無違 [wú wéi] not disobedient
無憂 [wú yōu] without cause for grief
無諂 [wú chǎn] without flattery
毋必 [wú bì] without arbitrary necessities
毋固 [wú ɡù] without obstinacy
毋我 [wú wǒ] without egoism
毋意 [wú yì] without foregone conclusions
毋自欺 [wú zì qī] without self-deception
息邪說 [xī xié shuō] putting an end to perverse doctrines
下喬木而入幽谷 [xià qiáo mù ér rù yōu ɡǔ] descending from lofty trees to enter dark valleys-from a good circumstance to a bad/reduced one
先利 [xiān lì] putting self-advantage first
先慎乎德 [xiān shèn hū dé] being careful at first about morals
先行其言 [xiān xínɡ qí yán] acting before speaking
鄉(xiāng)愿 [xiānɡ yuàn] indifferent and ambivalent attitude; hypocrite
小人犯刑 [xiǎo rén fàn xínɡ] Inferior man violates the penal code.
孝弟 [xiào dì] filial piety and brotherly giving-in
邪說 [xié shuō] perverse doctrine
心戒 [xīn jiè] always with carefulness
信 [xìn] truthfulness; sincerity
信而好古 [xìn ér hào ɡǔ] believing in and admiring the ancients
興 [xīnɡ] stimulate the mind
興邦 [xīnɡ bānɡ] making a country prosperous
興于詩 [xīnɡ yú shī] (the mind is) aroused by the Odes
形 [xínɡ] outward appearance
行 [xínɡ] behavior
行拂亂其所為 [xínɡ fú luàn qí suǒ wéi] try one by frustrating one’s undertakings
行顧言 [xínɡ ɡù yán] actions consistent with words
行怪 [xínɡ ɡuài] practising wonders
修身 [xiū shēn] disciplining oneself; cultivating one’s personal character
羞惡之心義也 [xiū wù zhī xīn yì yě] feel shameful and to have dislike reflect a sense of righteousness.
恤孤 [xù ɡū] treating orphans with compassion
學(xué)而不厭 [xué ér bú yàn] studying without weariness/boredom
學(xué)而時習(xí)之 [xué ér shí xí zhī] constant reviewing/practicing of that already studied
言而有信 [yán ér yǒu xìn] reliable/trustworthy words
言顧行 [yán ɡù xínɡ] words consistent with actions
言性 [yán xìnɡ] discourse about man’s nature
殃民 [yānɡ mín] persecuting the people
養(yǎng)民 [yǎnɡ mín] caring for the people
養(yǎng)其性 [yǎnɡ qí xìnɡ] nourishing one’s nature
養(yǎng)心 [yǎnɡ xīn] nourishing the mind
一朝之患 [yì zhāo zhī huàn] sudden calamity
一瓢飲 [yī piáo yǐn] single gourd container of drink
一以貫之 [yī yǐ ɡuàn zhī] all-encompassing unity/principle
一治一亂 [yī zhì yī luàn] period of good order followed by one of confusion
一簞食 [yī dān shí] with only a single dish of rice -very poor
依于仁 [yī yú rén] stick to benevolent ways
以道殉身 [yǐ dào xùn shēn] giving up one’s principles for the sake of one’s life
以德報德 [yǐ dé bào dé] responding to kindness with kindness
以德報怨 [yǐ dé bào yuàn] responding to a slight with kindness
以身殉道 [yǐ shēn xùn dào] giving up one’s life for the sake of one’s principles
以文會友 [yǐ wén huì yǒu] meeting friends out of literary writing
以友輔仁 [yǐ yǒu fǔ rén] promoting benevolence by friendship
以彰有德 [yǐ zhānɡ yǒu dé] giving distinction to the virtuous
以直報怨 [yǐ zhí bào yuàn] responding to a slight with justice
藝 [yì] art; ability; skill
毅 [yì] perseverance
義 [yì] justice; righteousness; always with reverence
義以為質(zhì) [yì yǐ wéi zhì] righteousness as an essential nature
庸德之行 [yōnɡ dé zhī xínɡ] earnest practice of ordinary virtues
庸言之謹(jǐn) [yōnɡ yán zhī jǐn] careful in ordinary speech
永言配命 [yǒnɡ yán pèi mìnɡ] trying to be in agreement with the will of Heaven
勇 [yǒnɡ] boldness; courage
尤人 [yóu rén] blaming others
游于藝 [yóu yú yì] finding relaxation and enjoyment in the arts
有別 [yǒu bié] able to differentiate; able to discriminate
有敬 [yǒu jìnɡ] able to command respect
有容 [yǒu rónɡ] possess forbearance
有執(zhí) [yǒu zhí] able to maintain a firm hold on
愚 [yú] foolishness; stupidity
喻于義 [yù yú yì] familiarity with what is right [especially public welfare and interest]
御暴 [yù bào] guard against violence
豫則立 [yù zé lì] success following from adequate preparation
遠(yuǎn)恥辱 [yuǎn chǐ rǔ] keeping away from shame and disgrace
遠(yuǎn)慮 [yuǎn lǜ] caring about what is distant
遠(yuǎn)怨 [yuǎn yuàn] keeping from being the object of resentment
怨 [yuàn] express feelings of resentment
怨天 [yuàn tiān] complaining to/against Heaven
約以禮 [yuē yǐ lǐ] restraining oneself out of propriety
在新民 [zài xīn mín] stir up new people; exhorting people to be good
責(zé)難于君 [zé nàn yú jūn] urging one’s sovereign to attempt the difficult achievements
責(zé)善 [zé shàn] urging the betterment of what is good
擇善固執(zhí) [zé shàn ɡù zhí] choosing what is good, and holding onto it
增益其所不能 [zēnɡ yì qí suǒ bù nénɡ] compounding one’s incompetence
戰(zhàn)喻 [zhàn yù] citing an illustration from war
長幼有序[zhǎnɡ yòu yǒu xù] the proper formailties between young and old
正而不譎 [zhènɡ ér bú jué] being honest rather than crafty
正人心 [zhènɡ rén xīn] setting men’s hearts in line
正心 [zhènɡ xīn] amending the heart
知本 [zhī běn] knowing and understanding the basis of something
知人 [zhī rén] acquiring an understanding of men
知天命 [zhī tiān mìnɡ] knowing the fate decreed by Heaven
知新 [zhī xīn] continually acquiring new knowledge
知之至 [zhī zhī zhì] perfection of knowledge
止于至善 [zhǐ yú zhì shàn] rest only when the highest excellence is reached
志于道 [zhì yú dào] set one’s will on the path of truth; set on what is right
志于仁 [zhì yú rén] directing the mind to benevolence; determined to be benevolent
至誠 [zhì chénɡ] perfect sincerity
至德 [zhì dé] reaching the highest point of virtuous activity
致知 [zhì zhī] reach toward the greatest knowledge and understanding
致中和 [zhì zhōnɡ hé] attain to a state of equilibrium and harmony
智 [zhì] knowledge; wisdom
治國 [zhì ɡuó] govern a state well
中立而不倚 [zhōnɡ lì ér bú yǐ] standing straight in the middle without leaning to either side
中庸 [zhōnɡ yōnɡ] Golden Mean
忠 [zhōnɡ] loyalty; honesty; devotion
終始 [zhōnɡ shǐ] end and beginning; basis and extension
主忠信 [zhǔ zhōnɡ xìn] holding loyalty and sincerity as one’s foremost principles
著其善 [zhuó qí shàn] displaying what is good
自暴者 [zì bào zhě] those who do violence to themselves with superiority complex
自棄者 [zì qì zhě] those who throw themselves away because of inferiority complex
自謙 [zì qiān] humble oneself
自侮 [zì wǔ] demeaning oneself
尊德樂義 [zūn dé lè yì] honor virtue and enjoy right conduct
尊賢 [zūn xián] honoring men of virtue and talent
尊賢育才 [zūn xián yù cái] honoring the worthy and raising the talented
作亂 [zuò luàn] rebellion; stirring up confusion 儒學(xué)ru xue?Confucian studies
? government-run Confucian schools at county and prefectural levels in the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties 儒學(xué)ru xueConfucian studies;government-run Confucian schools at county and prefectural levels in the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties |