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v(1)(使)前進，推進((cause to)move forward)[I，I+prep((up)on/towards/against)，I+n+prep，T+n]：Did they～or retreat? 他們是前進了還是退卻了? rows of～ing enemy tanks 一排排向前挺進的敵軍坦克;The crowd/army/soldiers～d on (towards) the town.人群/軍隊/士兵們朝城鎮(zhèn)前進。～towards one's objective/the fort/the enemy向目標/城堡/敵人前進;The army～d to (or as far as) the outskirts of the capital.那支部隊推進到了首都外圍。The troops～d 100 miles.部隊推進了100英里。The general～d his troops at dawn.將軍讓他的部隊黎明時向前推進?！玹he ball a few yards 帶球前進幾碼;〖同〗progress;〖反〗retreat，withdraw;

(2)(使)進展(步)，促進((help) make progress or improve)[I，T+n](fig)：The work/Civilization has～d during the time.工作/文明在這期間有了進展。Their plans are～ing well.他們的計劃進展順利?！玦ng technology 不斷發(fā)展的技術(shù);～in one's career/one's studies/one's knowledge 事業(yè)/學(xué)業(yè)/知識上有長進;～science/industrialization/sb's knowledge of sth/sb's growth促進科學(xué)/工業(yè)化/某人對某事的了解/某人的成長;～sb's chances of promotion/sb's interests增加某人的提升機會/利益;Scientific research～s knowledge.科研促進知識增長?！纪絠mprove，further，increase;〖反〗decrease，lessen;

(3)(使價格，價值，花費等)上漲((cause to)increase or rise)[I，T+n](少用)：Property values/Costs were～ing.房地產(chǎn)價格/成本在上漲。Sugar has～d two cents a pound.糖每磅漲價二分。The shopkeepers～d the prices.店主們提高物價。

(4)(使)晉升((cause to) be promoted as to a higher rank)[I+prep(to)，T+n+prep(to)]：(be)～d to (the rank of) captain(被提)升為上尉(軍銜);He worked so well that he soon～d/his employer soon～d him to a higher position.他工作很出色，很快升到/老板很快把他提升到一個更高的職位。～a man from private to sergeant 把一個人從列兵提升為中士;〖同〗promote;

(5)提出(present or make (a suggestion，proposal，etc))[T+n](fml)：～a suggestion/a plan/a claim/an opinion/a new theory提出建議/計劃/要求/意見/新理論;～a new scheme for saving money提出一個省錢的新方案;〖同〗offer;〖反〗withhold;

(6)提前(move from a later to an earlier date or time)[T+n，T+n+prep]：～the date of a meeting/the deadline(from 20 to 10 March)將會議日期/最后期限(從3月20日)提前(到3月10日);It is impossible to～the date of the wedding.婚期不可能提前。～a watch one hour 把表倒撥一小時;〖反〗postpone;

(7)預(yù)付;貸(款)(pay before the due time;lend (money))[D+n+n，D+n+prep(to)]：The bank～d him ￡1000.銀行貸給了他1000英鎊。His employer～d him a month's salary/a week's pay/￡10 against next week's wages.雇主預(yù)付了他一個月的工資/一周的報酬/下周工資中的10英鎊。～sb the money for a suit 預(yù)付某人一套衣服的錢;

→ ad′vancement n 促(增)進;晉(提)升;ad′vanced adj 年事高的;高級(深)的;先進的;ad′vantage n;

n(1)前進(forward or onward movement)[C，通常sing]：The enemy's～on the fort was halted/checked/stopped.敵人向城堡的前進停住了/阻止住了/停住了。a ten-yard～(an～of ten yard)前進10碼;the～of the fire through the grass 火在草地上蔓延;the～of an expedition 探險隊的前進;With the～of winter，the days grow shorter.隨著冬天的到來，白天越來越短了?！纪絤ovement;〖反〗retreat;

(2)進展(步)(progress)[U]：the continued～of civilization 文明的繼續(xù)發(fā)展;the～of old age 老年的到來;make no～on the house last winter去年冬天建房無進展;His～in the firm led him from stockboy to president.他在公司逐級提升，從卸貨小工干成了總裁?！纪絧rogress;

(3)進步，發(fā)展(development;improvement)[C][N(in)]：recent～s in space travel/computer design/science/education 宇宙飛行/電腦設(shè)計/科學(xué)/教育方面最近的發(fā)展;The motor vehicle was a great～on the horse and carriage.機動車對于馬車來說是巨大的進步。make great～s in medicine/medical science 在醫(yī)學(xué)/醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)上取得巨大進展;～of technology 技術(shù)的進步;〖同〗improvement，advancement;

(4)漲價，增長(rise or increase in price，value or amount)[C][N(on)](少用)：“Any～on ￡100 for the watch?”called the auctioneer.拍賣人喊道：“這塊表有出100英鎊以上的嗎? ” a price～漲價;

(5)預(yù)支款;貸款(payment made before the due time，or for work only partially completed;loan)[C][N(of)]：ask for/have an～on one's salary (of a month's pay) 要/得到預(yù)支的薪水(一個月工資);give (make) sb an～on his salary 給某人預(yù)支薪水;get an～on one's allowance 預(yù)支津貼;We'll give the author an～of ￡1000 on his book.我們將給作者預(yù)支1000英鎊的稿費?！纪絧repayment;

(6)接近，獻殷勤，求愛(attempts or efforts made to win sb's friendship，sexual relationship or favour)[pl] [N(to)]：make～s to a woman/a minister 向女子獻殷勤/接近部長;refuse/reject/spurn sb's～s 拒絕/拒絕/輕蔑地拒絕某人的求愛;Did you have difficulty in escaping his～s? 你很難擺脫他的糾纏嗎?

(7)先行的(going or coming before)[作attrib]：an～party/guard/post 先遣隊/前衛(wèi)部隊/前衛(wèi)哨;the～troops 先頭部隊;the～sale of tickets 提前售票;an～copy of a book 樣書;make an～booking/payment 預(yù)訂/預(yù)付;give sb～warning/notice of a person's departure 就一個人的離去預(yù)先警告/通知某人;

in advance 1)提前，預(yù)先：pay the rent/know sth/book/make arrangements in～提前交租金/知道/訂購/安排;2)在(靠)……之前：stand a little distance in～ 站在靠前一點的地方;

in advance of sth/sb 超(在)……之前：walk 4 yards in～(of sb)在(某人)前面四碼之處走;send sb in～of the main force 派某人走在主力部隊之前;be in～of the age/one's time/one's friends 先于時代/時代/朋友們;have some meetings of the committee in～of the conference 在正式大會之前委員會先開幾次會;

【說明】動詞advance用于(1)義時，towards表示運動方向，on除表示方向外，還有進攻或攻占的意思;to或as far as表示運動所到之處。

【辨異】1 )動詞advance與proceed都可當(dāng)“前進”講。advance強調(diào)朝一固定目標或目的地前進;proceed則為“繼續(xù)前進”，即從某一中途點朝目標前進。2)名詞advance與advancement語義不同。 advance指事物自身的行為結(jié)果，意為“前進”、“進步”或“進度”，如：one's advance through the enemy ranks(穿過敵人隊列的前進);advancement指外力促使事物產(chǎn)生的行為結(jié)果，意為“提出”、“促進”或“提升”，如：one's advancement through the ranks(軍銜的一級級提升)。又如：the advance of science(科學(xué)的發(fā)展);the advancement of science(促進科學(xué)(發(fā)展))。