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prep(1)(時(shí)間)在……之后(following in time;later in time than)：(just)～dark/a sleep/classes/graduation/the war/sb's death(就在)天黑/睡一覺(jué)/下課/畢業(yè)/戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束/某人死后;～three days/six o'clock/a while三天/6點(diǎn)/一會(huì)兒以后;～what had happened/taking a degree發(fā)生那事/獲得學(xué)位后;He drinks wine～dinner.他飯后喝酒。Repeat the words～me.跟我讀這些字。She was ill～a baby.生孩子后她病了。soon/shortly/long/two days～this (that)這(那)以后不久/不久/很久/兩天;the day～tomorrow后天;the year/the week～next后年/下下周;half～two(AmE)兩點(diǎn)半;year～year一年又一年;day～day一天又一天;night～night一夜又一夜;week～week一周又一周;Hour～hour went by.一小時(shí)又一小時(shí)過(guò)去了。time～time 屢次;shot～shot 連續(xù)射擊;〖反〗before;

(2)(位置)在……之后，次于(following in place or order，arrangement or importance;next to)：A～a car came a bus.小汽車后面跟來(lái)一輛公共汽車。enter the room～sb 在某人之后進(jìn)屋;(name/letter) come～...on the list/in the alphabet(名字/字母)在名單上/字母表中排在……之后;A～you，sir.先生，你先請(qǐng)!A～you with the salt.您請(qǐng)先用鹽。one～another/the other 一個(gè)接一個(gè)/輪流地;mistake～mistake 一個(gè)接一個(gè)的錯(cuò)誤;A～water，sleep is our most important need.睡眠對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)是僅次于水的重要需求。〖反〗before;

(3)在身后(behind)：Shut the door～you.請(qǐng)隨手關(guān)門。pull a bundle of wood～one 身后拽著一捆木柴;He always leaves a trail of confusion～him.他做事總是留下讓人迷惑不解之處。run～sb into the courtyard 跟在某人身后跑進(jìn)院子;〖同〗behind;

(4)由于，因?yàn)?following and as a result of;because of)：A～the way he treated me thus/his treating me thus/what he did to me，I hate him.他那樣對(duì)待我， 我恨他。be tired～that long walk走了那么遠(yuǎn)的路累了;〖同〗because of ;

(5)雖然，盡管(following and in spite of)：A～all my care，the clock was broken.雖然我小心翼翼，鐘還是碎了。A～all my advice，he still went his own way.盡管我勸了又勸，他還是我行我素。She still talks to him～the way he behaved last week.盡管他上周那樣表現(xiàn)，她還跟他說(shuō)話。It is said to have failed～all that work. 盡管做了那些工作，據(jù)說(shuō)還是失敗了。

(6)仿照，模仿(in the manner or style of;in imitation of)：a painting/portrait/satire～(the style of) sb 一件模仿……(風(fēng)格)的畫/畫像/諷刺作品;a building/constitution～the American mode模仿美國(guó)樣式的建筑/憲法;make sth～a style/a model 模仿一風(fēng)格/式樣做某物;The painting is～the great master.這幅畫是模仿那大師畫的。christen a child～his uncle 以其叔叔的名字給一小孩取教名;name a baby～his father 以其父的名字給孩子取名;a street named～a writer 以一作家的名字命名的街道;take～sb 像某人;

(7)合乎，與……一致(in accordance with)：You are a man～my own heart;we think and act alike nearly in all things.你和我很投合：咱們想事、做事幾乎處處都很像。

(8)追(捕，求)(in search or pursuit of)：The Gestapo/police were～him.蓋世太保/警察在追捕他。be(go/run)～a thief/a woman 追捕一個(gè)賊/追求一個(gè)女人; run～a ball/a bus追球/公共汽車;be/go～money 追求錢;be～a better job 追求更好的工作;I know what you're～.我知道你在追求什么。

(9)關(guān)于(concerning;about)：inquire (ask)～sb/sb's health 問(wèn)候某人的情況/某人的健康狀況;

→′afterbirth n 胎盤(膜);′after-damp n 礦井中爆炸后的濁氣;′afterlife n 來(lái)世;′aftershave n 刮臉后用的潤(rùn)膚劑;

after all 1)畢(究)竟，終究：A～all，he's only a child.畢竟他還只是個(gè)孩子。He is right～all.他畢竟是對(duì)的。2)須知，記?。篐e has done well to pass the examination because，～all，he knew very little English when he came.他考及格了就夠好的，因?yàn)橐?，他剛?lái)時(shí)幾乎不會(huì)英語(yǔ)。

adv(1)后來(lái)，以后(later;afterwards;following in time)：They had a drink and went home～.他們喝了一會(huì)兒酒，隨后就回家了。I'll see you～.我以后會(huì)來(lái)看你的。the day～第二天;two days～兩天后;a moment～過(guò)了一會(huì)兒之后;long/soon～很久/不久以后;forever～以后永遠(yuǎn);ever～從那以后;just/immediately～隨即;〖同〗afterwards，later;

(2)隨后(behind;following in place)：Pride goes before，and shame follows～. 驕傲使人落后(驕必?cái)?。follow on～隨后跟著;A bus passed with several cars following～.一輛公共汽車開過(guò)去了，后面跟著幾輛小汽車。And he came tumbling～.他倉(cāng)惶地跟隨而來(lái)。

→′afterglow n 夕照，余輝;′afterward(s) adv 后來(lái);

conj在……之后(at or during a time later than)：The party broke up～the clock(had)struck twelve.時(shí)鐘響過(guò)12點(diǎn)之后，聚會(huì)就結(jié)束了。A～he died they moved house twice.他死后他們搬了兩次家。

adj(1)后來(lái)的(later in time;following)[作attrib]：in～years/days 在以后的歲月/日子里;the～results of the storm 風(fēng)暴的后果;

(2)后面(部)的(in the back part，esp of a boat)[作attrib]：the～desk/cabins/quarter 后甲板/尾艙/船尾部;

→′aftermost adj 最后(末)的;′after-care n 病后護(hù)理和治療;釋放后的安置;′after-effect n(藥之)后效;′after-image n 余象(感);′afterthought n 回想;反省;′after-taste n 余味;′after-sale adj 售后的;

【說(shuō)明】after和before為一對(duì)反義詞，都可以表示時(shí)間意義，此時(shí)都可用作1)副詞(見(jiàn)于極不正式的語(yǔ)體中，此時(shí)與afterwards和later同義)，如：the week after/before(第二周/前一周);I will see him after-(wards)/had seen him before.(我以后將見(jiàn)到他/以前見(jiàn)過(guò)他。)2)介詞，如：the day after/before his death(他死的第二天/前一天);3) 連詞，如：He had a rest after/before I left.(他在我走之后/前休息了一下。)這兩個(gè)詞都可以表示先后順序，如：be after/before sb in the queue(在隊(duì)中排在某人之后/前);

【辨異】after、afterward(s)和later都可表示“后來(lái)”。在這一用法中，after不如afterward(s)常見(jiàn);afterward(s)指緊接某事之后的一段時(shí)間;而later則不一定緊接其后，只是“晚(后)于”的意思，且指某一具體時(shí)間，如：We first went to the theatre，and two hours later we ate at a restaurant.(我們先去劇院，兩小時(shí)后在一家飯店吃了飯。)