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adj (1) 壞(低劣)的 (not good; of poor quality; below an acceptable standard)：a～lecture/harvest/grade/guess/grammar/decision差勁的講演/壞收成/差分?jǐn)?shù)/錯(cuò)誤的猜測(cè)/拙劣的語法書/糟糕的決定;～pronunciation/eyesight/work很差的發(fā)音/視力/工作;〖同〗poor;awful;〖反〗good，fine，excellent;

(2) 不勝任的，無能力的 (not competent; not able to perform satisfactorily)(與職業(yè)名稱及動(dòng)詞派生的表人名詞連用)：a～worker/hairdresser/teacher/manager/poet/singer 不怎么樣的的工人/理發(fā)師/教師/經(jīng)理/詩人/歌手;a～liar/loser糟糕的說謊者/輸家;be～at tennis/spelling 網(wǎng)球打得不好/拼寫方面差;〖同〗poor;awful;〖反〗good，fine，excellent;

(3) 壞(不道德)的 (immoral; evil; wicked)：Lying is a～thing to do.說謊是很壞的行為。It's～to tell lies.說謊是很壞的?！玝ehaviour/life不道德的行為/生活;～manners 不禮貌;You～girl. 你這個(gè)壞女孩。He's a～man.他是個(gè)壞人。She has done some～things.她干了些壞事?！纪?immoral;〖反〗good，moral;

(4) 壞(令人不悅)的 (unpleasant; nasty; unfavourable; unwelcome)：～luck/weather/news 壞運(yùn)氣/天氣/消息;a～dream惡夢(mèng);a～time/smell/odour不順利的時(shí)期/難聞的氣味/難聞的氣味; get a～impression 所得印象不好;be in a～mood 情緒不好;〖同〗disagreeable，unpleasant; 〖反〗good，agreeable，pleasant;

(5) 嚴(yán)重的 (serious in its result; severe)：a～cold/headache/snowstorm/accident/mistake/fracture/attack of asthma/defeat重感冒/劇烈的頭痛/猛烈的暴風(fēng)雪/嚴(yán)重的事故/極大的錯(cuò)誤/嚴(yán)重的骨折/哮喘病的大發(fā)作/慘敗;How～is your headache? 你頭痛得厲害嗎? The building was in～condition.這座樓很破舊?！纪絪evere， serious， terrible;〖反〗mild， light;

(6)壞(腐敗)了的 (no longer fit to be eaten because of decay; rotting or rotten)：～eggs/meat/fish/fruit/milk壞了的雞蛋/肉/魚/水果/牛奶;The apple is～. 這蘋果壞了。(food) go～(食物)變質(zhì);〖同〗spoiled，rotten，decayed;〖反〗good，fresh;

(7) 有病的，不舒服的 (not in good health; diseased; not feeling healthy) [通常作attrib]：～teeth/eyes/legs 壞牙/有毛病的眼睛/不得勁的腿;a～back/knee 疼痛的背/膝蓋;have a～heart/head心臟有毛病/頭痛;Is the patient very～? 病人很不舒服嗎? feel～覺得不舒服;His eyes/ears are～.他的眼睛/耳朵有毛病?！纪絠ll，sick;〖反〗well，healthy;

(8) 有害的 (causing harm or injury) [A(for)][作pred]：Smoking/Drinking/Too much candy is～for you (your health). 抽煙/喝酒/吃太多的糖對(duì)你(的身體)有害。This soap has had a～effect on my skin.這種肥皂傷害了我的皮膚。〖同〗harmful，hurtful，injurious，unhealthy;〖反〗good，harmless， healthful;

(9) 不適宜的 (unsuitable for a particular purpose; difficult) [A(for)， A+to-inf]：The light in the room is too～for taking photographs.房間里的光線太暗，不能照相。It's a～time for buying/to buy a house.現(xiàn)在不是買房子的適當(dāng)時(shí)機(jī)。This beach is～for surfing.這處海濱不適宜沖浪。〖同〗unsuitable;〖反〗suitable，appropriate;

go from bad to worse 越來越糟：Matters(Things) went from～to worse with us/for our firm. 我們/我們公司的事情越來越糟。

not bad/not so bad/not half bad不錯(cuò)(infml)：“How is your car? ”“Not～. ”“你的車子怎么樣?”“不錯(cuò)。”She's not half～at maths. 她的數(shù)學(xué)不壞。

too bad 太遺憾 (infml)：It's too～your holiday was cancelled.你的假日取消了，這太遺憾了。

feel bad about 感到慚愧(抱歉) (infml)：I feel～about not being able to help you.不能幫助你，我感到抱歉。

→′badness n 壞(事);′baddy n (小說，電影中的)壞人，惡棍;′bad-mouth vt 誹謗;′badly adv;

adv 非常，很(very much)(AmE)(infml)：I want it～.我非常需要這個(gè)。Is he hurt～? 他傷得厲害嗎?

n 壞的東西(事情)(sth bad) [U，the～]：The～men do can be forgiven by God.人做的壞事上帝會(huì)饒恕的?！纪絜vil，sin，wrongs;

go to the bad 墮落：He's gone to the～nowadays. 他如今墮落了。

take the bad with the good (人生中)壞事好事都(學(xué)會(huì))承受：You must learn to take/accept the～with the good.你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)承受人生中的一切酸甜苦辣。

to the bad 負(fù)債：I'm ￡200 to the～this week. 我這一周負(fù)債200英鎊。

【慣用法】 口語中，feel后可用bad，也可用badly (盡管正式的書面語中寧用bad)，如：feel bad/badly about sth (因……而感到不好);但在look， sound， smell等后，通常用bad，如：It looks bad for their team. (形勢(shì)看來對(duì)他們隊(duì)不利。)

【辨異】bad與evil、ill和wicked語義很相近，皆指道德上不好的，或者實(shí)際上是惡毒的、應(yīng)受譴責(zé)的。bad是最常用語，如：bad people/habits(壞人/壞習(xí)慣);evil(邪惡的，罪惡的)指違背或?qū)е逻`背道義法則的，如：evil practices(罪惡的行為);ill(邪惡的)現(xiàn)主要用于某些固定用語中，語義不如evil強(qiáng)，如：ill will(惡意);wicked (邪惡的，缺德的)指有意做極其錯(cuò)誤的事情， 如：a wicked plan(邪惡的計(jì)劃)。