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n(1)挑戰(zhàn)(書)(formal demand or request to sb to engage in a fight，contest，match，etc)[C][N(to)+to-inf，N(to)，N+to-inf]：He issued (offered) a～to the boxers to fight him/to the chess champion to try to beat him at chess.他向那些拳擊手們挑戰(zhàn)讓他們來應(yīng)戰(zhàn)/向那個(gè)象棋冠軍發(fā)出挑戰(zhàn)要擊敗他。receive (accept) a～from (of) sb to a fight/a duel/a race收到(接受)某人打架/決斗/賽跑的挑戰(zhàn);receive (accept) sb's～to play him in a tennis match收到(接受)某人比賽網(wǎng)球的挑戰(zhàn);His smile held a tiny hint of a～.他的微笑里露出一點(diǎn)挑戰(zhàn)的意味。

(2)挑戰(zhàn)性(quality of demanding effort and spirit of competition)[U]：I want a job with much～.我想有個(gè)很具挑戰(zhàn)性的工作。not get enough～in a job工作中沒有遇到足夠的挑戰(zhàn);the～of mathematics/the unknown數(shù)學(xué)/未知事物的挑戰(zhàn);

(3)有挑戰(zhàn)性的事物(sth with this quality)[C]： Mt Qomolangmal/The universe/Exploring outer space is (presents) a real～to man (mankind).珠穆朗瑪峰探險(xiǎn)/宇宙探索/外層空間探索對(duì)人類來說真是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。The new job is a real～.這新工作很是具有挑戰(zhàn)性。〖同〗test，trial;

(4)質(zhì)詢(疑)，異議(statement or action which questions or disputes(sth))[C][N(to)]：a～to sb's authority/the election of the new government對(duì)某人的權(quán)威性/新政府選舉的異議;The judge refused to allow the～.法官拒不允許質(zhì)詢。

(5)盤問(spoken demand by a guard，sentry to stop and say who one is)[C]：“Who goes there?” was the～of a soldier on guard.“誰?”警戒的士兵盤問道。give the～盤問;be met by a～受到盤問;

vt(1)向……挑戰(zhàn)，要求(formally ask sb to engage in a fight，contest，match，etc)[T+n，T+n+prep(to)，C+n+to-inf]：～sb to a duel/a race/a fight向某人提出決斗/賽跑/打架;～sb to a game of tennis/a game of chess/a round of golf向某人提出比賽網(wǎng)球/比賽下棋/比一局高爾夫球;～other boxers to beat one/a person to jump across a stream向其他拳擊手挑戰(zhàn)/激某人跳過溪去;～the newspaper to prove its story/the minister to produce evidence要求報(bào)社澄清事實(shí)/部長拿出證據(jù)來;〖同〗dare;

(2)考驗(yàn)，刺激(demand special or more effort;stimulate)[T+n，C+n+to-inf]：The new position～d his skill/his mind/him. 這新職位對(duì)他的技能/他的頭腦/他是一個(gè)考驗(yàn)。The difficulty～s my mind to find an answer.這困難激勵(lì)我動(dòng)腦子找出答案。a problem that～s the imagination一道需要想象力的題;〖同〗test，try;

(3)質(zhì)詢(疑)，提出異議(question or dispute the truth，rightness or lawfulness)[T+n](fml)：～sb's statement/sb's authority/sb's view/sb's right to do sth對(duì)某人的陳述/權(quán)威/觀點(diǎn)/做某事的權(quán)利提出質(zhì)疑;～the justice of a law/the truth of a story對(duì)法律的公正性/故事的真實(shí)性提出質(zhì)疑;～a claim/an assertion/a verdict對(duì)一要求/主張/判斷提出異議;The idea has never been～d.這一想法從未受到過質(zhì)疑。〖同〗question，dispute，doubt;〖反〗accept，believe;

(4)盤問(order (sb) to stop and say who he is)[T+n，C+n+to-inf]：The sentry (soldier)on guard～d the stranger/everybody who walked by.哨兵(衛(wèi)兵)盤問那陌生人/每一個(gè)過路人。

→′challenger n 挑戰(zhàn)者;′challenging adj挑戰(zhàn)性的