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v (1) 卸(船，貨)((cause (a ship) to) unload) [T+n， I]：～a ship 卸船;They～d the cargo at New York/the dock. 他們在紐約/那個船塢卸下貨物。The ship～d (the cargo) at New York/the dock. 那艘船在紐約/那個船塢卸船(卸下貨物)?！纪絬nload，unburden;〖反〗load，burden;

(2) 排(放、流、冒、泄)出((cause to)pass， pour out; get rid of) [T+n， I]：(motor)～fumes(發(fā)動機)排出強烈的汽油味;(chimney)～smoke(煙囪)冒煙;(boiler) ～steam(鍋爐)放出蒸汽;(clouds)～electricity(云)放電;The town～s its waste (rubbish)into the river/the sea. 那個鎮(zhèn)子把廢水(垃圾)排入河中/傾入海中。The wound is～ing (pus). 傷口在流膿。The sewer is～ing(its contents). 污水管在排污水。The river～s (its water/itself) into the lake/the sea/the bay. 那河(把水)排入湖/海/海灣中。The drain～d into the street. 排水管把水排到街上。〖同〗send forth， give forth， pour forth;

(3) 開槍，發(fā)射(shoot or fire(a gun， etc)? launch) [T+n， I](fml)：～a gun/a rifle/a revolver 開炮/槍/(左輪)槍;～arrows/bombs at sth 向……射箭/投炸彈;The gun～d. 槍響了?！纪絝ire， shoot， launch;

(4) 讓離去，釋放，解雇(除)(allow to leave; send away or dismiss) [T+n， T+n+prep(from)]：～an accused man 開釋被告;～a soldier/a servant/one's staff/the membership of the jury 讓士兵退伍/解雇仆人/解聘員工/取消陪審員資格;The boat/aircraft～d its passengers. 船/飛機卸客。The Army/His boss～d him. 軍隊讓他退伍/老板解雇了他?！玜 patient (from hospital)/a criminal (from prison)/a prisoner (from a detention camp) 讓病人出院/罪犯出獄/犯人出拘留所;〖同〗release，liberate，free;fire，dismiss;

(5) 償還(債務(wù))(pay(a debt)) [T+n] (fml)：～all one's debts 償還全部債務(wù);

(6) 履行(職責(zé))(perform (a duty， task， etc)) [T+n](fml)：～one's duties/one's obligations/one's responsibilities/one's last official act/one's promise 履行職責(zé)/義務(wù)/責(zé)任/最后的職責(zé)/諾言;～an errand/the office of president 履行使命/總統(tǒng)職務(wù);〖同〗fulfil， perform;

n(1) 卸貨;排(放，流，泄)出;射擊;釋放，解雇;償還;履行(discharging or being discharged) [U]：the～of waste (into a river)/gas(from a container)/electricity(from clouds)/water (from a reservoir)/pus (from a wound)/a man(from the army)/a prisoner(from jail)廢物排放(入河中)/煤氣溢出(容器)/(云團)放電/水泄出(水庫中)/(傷口)流出膿水/一個人退伍/一個囚犯獲釋;the～of cargo/a gun 貨物的卸出/槍炮的發(fā)射;be given one's～from the army 獲準退伍; get one's～from prison 得以出獄;arrange the～of one's debts 安排償還債務(wù)事宜;be efficient/faithful in the～of one's duties 有成效地/忠實地履行職責(zé);〖同〗discharging;removal，release，firing，shooting，fulfilment，performance;

(2) 排(放，流，冒，泄)出物(that which is poured， sent， or let out) [U， C]：a～of electricity/pus 放電/流膿;the～s from a wound/a tree trunk/a chemical works 傷口流出的膿水/樹干流出的漿液/化工廠排出的廢物;〖同〗issue;

【辨異】1) 動詞discharge與dismiss、release和free都可表示“使自由”、“讓離去”之意。discharge 此時多與法庭、軍隊等有關(guān)(表示“釋放”、“讓退伍”、“解雇”等意思);dismiss(解雇;解散)多指強迫離開，如：dismiss a servant(解雇一個仆人)，也可指允許走，如：dismiss the students(解散學(xué)生);release(解脫，釋放，解放)，free(解脫，釋放，解放)都可指使從束縛中解脫出來，如：release/free a prisoner(釋放一個囚犯);2) 動詞discharge與perform和execute 都可表示完成某一行動。perform(執(zhí)行，履行)是個一般用語，通常指執(zhí)行一種需要長時間和努力及技巧的事情，如：perform an operation(施行手術(shù));discharge指履行正式的法律上的職責(zé)和義務(wù);execute (執(zhí)行，實施)指需要專業(yè)技術(shù)或熟練技巧的復(fù)雜事情，如：execute a tricky manoeuvre(實施復(fù)雜的戰(zhàn)略調(diào)動);也可指執(zhí)行命令或?qū)嵤┯媱?，如：execute sb's order/a plan(執(zhí)行某人的命令/實施一計劃)。