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(1) 使氣餒(沮喪，泄氣)(take away sb's courage， spirit， confidence or hope of doing sth) [T+n， T+n+prep(from)]：The hardship/failure～d him utterly. 困難/失敗使他完全氣餒了。His lack of success～d him utterly. 屢不成功使他完全氣餒了。Don't～him. 別給他泄氣。be～d by losing so many of her tennis matches 因輸了這么多場(chǎng)網(wǎng)球賽而沮喪;〖同〗dishearten， dispirit， depress;〖反〗encourage， hearten， inspire;

(2) 阻撓(止)，妨礙(try to prevent， hinder， stop (sth)) [T+n](fml)：～smoking/crime/sb's attempts/interest in sth 設(shè)法阻止抽煙/犯罪/某人的企圖/對(duì)……感興趣;They lit a fire to～mosquitoes. 他們點(diǎn)火驅(qū)蚊子。Inflation～s saving. 通貨膨脹不利于儲(chǔ)蓄。〖同〗hinder， prevent;〖反〗encourage;

(3) 勸阻，使打消念頭(persuade sb against sth) [T+n+prep(from)]：～sb from any such things/such a dangerous step/giving up the job/smoking 勸某人不做任何這類事/不采取這樣危險(xiǎn)的步驟/放棄那工作/戒煙;The bad weather～d people from going camping/going on a picnic 天氣不好使人們放棄野營(yíng)/不去野餐。The hedges～d people from walking on the grass 樹籬使人們不踐踏草地。Nothing will～him from his determination to do so. 什么也無(wú)法阻止他決心這么做?！挤础?encourage， urge;

←′courage n;

→dis′couraging adj 令人沮喪的;dis-′couragingly adv 令人沮喪地;dis′couraged adj 沮喪(氣餒)的;dis′couragement n 沮喪，氣餒;令人沮喪的事情;

【辨異】discourage與dismay都可表示使人失去信心而不做某事。discourage指通過(guò)表示不贊同或指出可能會(huì)失敗而使人失去信心(沮喪，氣餒);而dismay(使沮喪，使驚慌)指通過(guò)揭示無(wú)可懷疑的事實(shí)使得要做的事顯得無(wú)用、有危險(xiǎn)，而使某人徹底失去信心，如：dismay a prosecutor by revealing his brother's connection with a crime(泄露出檢舉人的弟兄與一罪行有牽連，使其泄氣)。