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n (1)守衛(wèi)，警戒，看守(state of readiness or watchfulness to protect sb/sth against attack)[U]：be on～at the gate/round the tent 在大門(mén)口/帳篷周?chē)?keep～over the house 守在房子周?chē)?be under close～處在嚴(yán)密的監(jiān)視下;a～dog/duty 一只警犬/一項(xiàng)警戒的任務(wù);

(2)防御，準(zhǔn)備(position of defence，eg in boxing， fencing)[U]：keep up/drop one's～保持/未做出防御姿勢(shì);get through/penetrate sb's～ (fig)突破/突破某人的防御;

(3)衛(wèi)(哨)兵，警衛(wèi)(看守)員(person，esp a soldier，a policeman or a prison officer，who guards sb or sth)[C]：a security/museum～保安人員/博物館看守員;camp/border～s營(yíng)房哨兵/邊防戰(zhàn)士;slug a～猛擊一名看守員;〖同〗 watchman;

(4) 1)警衛(wèi)隊(duì)(group of people，esp soldiers，whose duty is to guard sb/sth)[Gp，the～]：see the changing of the～觀看換崗;double the～加雙崗;The～are on duty.警衛(wèi)隊(duì)在值勤。2)儀仗隊(duì)(body of persons who form an escort or perform drill exhibitions on ceremonial occasions)[C，Gp]：an honour～檢閱儀仗隊(duì);

(5)皇家禁衛(wèi)軍，警衛(wèi)部隊(duì)(group of special soldiers，originally those who guarded the King or Queen，esp in Britain)[pl]：the Scots～s 蘇格蘭禁衛(wèi)隊(duì);the Royal Horse G～s 皇家騎兵禁衛(wèi)隊(duì);a G～s officer 禁衛(wèi)軍軍官;

(6)列車(chē)長(zhǎng)(railway official in charge of a train)[C](BrE)(AmE conductor)：The～of the train blew his whistle. 列車(chē)長(zhǎng)鳴笛。

(7)防護(hù)器(物)(sth which serves to prevent injury or loss)[C](尤用于合成詞)：a mud-/fire-～擋泥板/防火罩;wear shin/face～s 帶護(hù)脛/面罩;the～of a sword 擊劍用的面罩;wear a helmet as a～against falling rocks 戴上頭盔作為一種防護(hù)裝置抵擋落下的石頭;

off/on one's guard 失去/保持戒備;be on one's～against pickpockets/saying the wrong thing 警惕扒手/提防說(shuō)錯(cuò)話;put sb on sb's～ 使某人措手不及;

stand guard (over sb/sth)站崗，警戒;(soldiers) stand～over the village (士兵們)在村邊警戒;(bear mother)～over its injured cub (熊媽媽)在自己受傷的幼獸旁邊警戒;

→′guardhouse n衛(wèi)兵室;′guardrail n 護(hù)攔;′guardroom n 衛(wèi)兵室;禁閉室;′guardman n 禁衛(wèi)隊(duì)士兵;

vt(1) 1)防(保)衛(wèi)，保護(hù)(defend，keep safe，esp by watching for danger)[T+n]：～a bank/one's flock 保衛(wèi)銀行/羊群;～one's reputation/one's life (fig) 保護(hù)自己的名聲/生命;～the house against strangers/an attack 守衛(wèi)著房子警惕陌生人/進(jìn)攻;(wall)～the place from thieves(墻)阻擋小偷光顧此地;(quinine)～sb from fever (奎寧)防止某人發(fā)燒;〖同〗 protect，shield; 2)看守(keep under close watch in order to prevent escape，misconduct，etc)[T+n]：～the prisoner closely/throughout the trial 嚴(yán)密/在整個(gè)審判過(guò)程中看守囚犯;～the secret with one's life 用自己的生命嚴(yán)守秘密;

(2)管(控)制(keep under control)[T+n]：～one's temper/one's tongue carefully 小心地控制脾氣/言語(yǔ)謹(jǐn)慎;

guard against (v prep)預(yù)防，防止(vt)：～against errors/infection/bad habits/passing on disease to one's family 防止犯錯(cuò)誤/感染/養(yǎng)成壞習(xí)慣/把疾病傳給家人;

→′guarded adj(指言論)謹(jǐn)慎的;′guardedly adv 謹(jǐn)慎地;

【辨異】guard 與defend、protect和preserve的區(qū)別見(jiàn)DEFEND。