v (1)跑(move quickly，faster than walking)[I，I+prep，I+adv]：He～s every morning. 他每天早晨跑步。The robber took the money and ran. 那個(gè)強(qiáng)盜搶了錢就跑了。come～ning to meet sb/to catch the bus 跑來(lái)迎接某人/趕公共汽車;～across the road/to sb's help 跑過(guò)馬路/去幫助某人;～fast/about/away/off/home 跑得快/到處跑/跑掉/跑掉/跑回家;I'll～over/round/up (to your house) this afternoon. 今天下午我(到你家)去看你?！纪絛ash，hasten，hurry，rush，speed，flee;
?(2)跑(一段路)(travel(a distance)，by running)[T+n]：～one's horse/an errand 讓自己的馬跑起來(lái)(或參賽)/外出辦事;～a quick single(板球比賽中)擊球后快跑得分;He can～a mile in four minutes. 他能四分鐘跑一英里。
?(3)跑步(鍛煉)(practise running as a sport)[I]：take up～ning 進(jìn)行跑步鍛煉;He used to～when he was at Oxford. 他在牛津大學(xué)上學(xué)時(shí)，常常跑步。
?(4)參加(賽跑)，使(動(dòng)物)參加賽跑(take part in a race;cause (an animal) to take part in a race)[I，I+prep，T+n]：He won't be～ning (in any races) this season. 這個(gè)賽季他不參加(任何)比賽?！玦n the 400 metres 參加400米賽跑;～a race/the mile 參加賽跑/一英里賽跑;～a fine race to take the gold medal 賽跑成績(jī)優(yōu)異奪得金牌;～the horses/the dogs in some races 讓這些馬/狗參加一些比賽;The horse/He ran first. 這匹馬/他賽跑得了第一?！纪絩ace;
?(5)舉行(比賽)(cause (a race) to happen)[T+n，尤pass]：A Marathon/bicycle race will be～here this October. 今年10月這里將舉行一場(chǎng)馬拉松/自行車比賽。
?(6)追趕(蹤)(track down;drive or chase)[T+n+prep]：～a fox to earth 追趕狐貍直至洞口;～the swindler out of the town/the spies out of the country 把詐騙犯趕出鎮(zhèn)子/間諜驅(qū)逐出這個(gè)國(guó)家;～the book to earth in the library (fig) 在圖書(shū)館里找到那本書(shū);～sb to ground on one side of a square/in the park 在一個(gè)廣場(chǎng)的一側(cè)/公園里找到某人;〖同〗chase，track down;
?(7)(使(公共汽車、火車、渡船等))來(lái)回行駛(運(yùn)營(yíng))(cause (buses，trains，ferries，etc to)travel on a particular route)[I，I+prep，T+n]：The express～s daily from Boston and New York/between Boston to New York. 這趟快車每天從波士頓行駛至紐約/行駛于波士頓和紐約之間。The buses～until after midnight/every five minutes. 公共汽車運(yùn)營(yíng)到午夜之后/每五分鐘一趟。Tokyo transport～s extra trains during the rush-hour. 交通高峰時(shí)東京的交通部門(mén)安排增開(kāi)加班列車。They're～ning a special train to the international conference. 他們?yōu)閲?guó)際會(huì)議加開(kāi)一趟專車。
?(8)開(kāi)車(送……)，去……(take sb or sth or drive to a place in a vehicle)[I+prep，I+adv，T+n+prep，T+n+adv]：The train ran past the signal/to Oxford. 那趟火車駛過(guò)信號(hào)燈/向牛津。Let's～down to the coast/over to his house. 讓我們開(kāi)車去海邊/他家。The ship ran into port/aground. 那條船駛進(jìn)港口/擱淺了。～the car into the garage/into the car park/to the petrol pump/downhill 把車開(kāi)進(jìn)車庫(kù)/進(jìn)停車場(chǎng)/去加油站/下山;～sb to the station 開(kāi)車送某人去車站;～sb home/across開(kāi)車送某人回家/過(guò)去;〖同〗drive;
?(9)偷運(yùn)(take (things) secretly and illegally into a country or area)[T+n，T+n+prep(across/into)]：～diamond (guns/drugs/arms) across the border/into a country 把珠寶(槍支/毒品/武器)偷運(yùn)過(guò)邊境/到某個(gè)國(guó)家;～agents into a country 將特務(wù)偷偷派遣到一個(gè)國(guó)家;
?(10)(使)迅速移(滑)動(dòng)((cause to)pass smoothly through;over，or along a surface)[I+prep，T+n+prep]：A sledge is～ning over snow. 一雪橇正在雪上滑行。 A ball is～ning along the ground. 一個(gè)球在地上滾動(dòng)。A wind ran through the tall grass. 一陣風(fēng)吹過(guò)高高的草叢。A bus ran off the road out of control. 一輛汽車失去控制，滑下公路。Her eyes ran critically over this set of furniture. 她用挑剔的目光打量著這套家具。～a comb through one's hair/one's toes through the grass 用梳子梳頭/跑過(guò)那片草地;～a sweepers over the carpet/one's eyes over the page/one's fingers over a picture 用清掃機(jī)清掃地毯/迅速地瀏覽那一頁(yè)/用手摸一幅畫(huà);～one's fingers slightly over the keys of the piano 手指輕快地彈著琴鍵;〖同〗 pass;
?(11)(使機(jī)器)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)((cause machines，etc)work，operate，be in motion)[I，I+prep，T+n，T+n+prep]：The engine/machine/mill/car/motor/heater～s properly (smoothly/nicely/day and night). 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)/機(jī)器/磨粉機(jī)/汽車/發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)/取暖器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)得很好(很平穩(wěn)/良好/晝夜不停)。Everything (All their arrangements) ran well/smoothly.(fig)一切(他們所有的安排)進(jìn)行得很好/順利。His life ran well/smoothly. (fig) 他生活得很好/平靜。The clock/razor～s on (by) electricity. 這座鐘/這把剃須刀靠電運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)?！玜n engine/a machine/a computer 發(fā)動(dòng)引擎/開(kāi)機(jī)器/操作計(jì)算機(jī);～the turbines by water/the train on oil/the system off the mains 通過(guò)水使渦輪機(jī)/油使火車/交流電使這個(gè)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);～a program on a computer 在計(jì)算機(jī)上進(jìn)行程序操作;〖同〗go，operate;
?(12)管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)，組織，主持(manage，organize，control，direct or be boss of)[T+n]：～a country/a school/a home/a farm/an office 管理一個(gè)國(guó)家/學(xué)校/家庭/農(nóng)場(chǎng)/辦公室;～a business/a company/a store/a shop/a hotel (efficiently)(有效地)經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)/公司/商店/商店/旅館;～courses for local teachers/foreign learners of English 為當(dāng)?shù)乩蠋?學(xué)英語(yǔ)的外國(guó)人辦班;～a new system of payment 實(shí)行新的支付系統(tǒng);～sb's life for sb 為某人安排生活;be～by sb 受到某人控制(由某人經(jīng)營(yíng));The captain～s an ocean-going ship. 那位船長(zhǎng)指揮一艘遠(yuǎn)洋船?！纪絤anage，control，direct，operate;
?(13)(河水，海水、潮)上漲(急速流動(dòng))((of a river，the sea，the tide) rise higher or flow faster)[L+adj，I]：The tide is～ning (strong/high). 潮水上漲(很猛/很高)。A high sea was～ning that night. 那天夜里海上浪很大。
?(14)(使)流((cause liquids，sand，etc to) flow)[I，I+prep(with)，T+n，T+n+prep，D+n+n，D+n+prep(for)]：The baby's nose is/baby's eyes are～ning. 那個(gè)孩子在流鼻涕/眼淚。 The sore on his leg is～ning. 他腿上的瘡口在流膿。The tap is still～ning. 水管還在流水。Is that you who left the tap water～ning? 是你讓水管里的水一直流著的嗎?The water ran for hours. 水流了幾個(gè)小時(shí)。Rivers～to the sea. 條條河流通大海。 The stream～s down the valley. 小溪順著峽谷向下流。The water～s out of the pipe. 水從水管流出。Blood/Sweat/Tears ran down his face (his cheeks). 血/汗/淚水順著他的臉(臉頰)流下來(lái)。The street was～ning with water/flood. 街上到處是水/洪水。His body was～ning with blood. 他渾身流血。His eyes were～ning with tears. 他熱淚盈眶?！玹he water for a few minutes讓水流幾分鐘;～the hot tap 打開(kāi)熱水管;～the hose/the tap(over the fire/the lawn)打開(kāi)水龍帶/水龍頭(放水滅火/澆草坪);～the water into that ditch 讓水流進(jìn)那條溝; ～hot milk into a bowl 讓熱牛奶流進(jìn)一個(gè)碗里;～the water away/off 把水放掉;～sb a nice hot bath (a nice hot bath for sb) 替某人在浴盆里放好熱熱的洗澡水;～ning water 自來(lái)水;〖同〗flow;
?(15)變得，進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)(become;reach a particular state)[L+adj]：The river/well/little pond ran dry (clear). 這條河/這口井/這個(gè)小池塘干涸了(水變清了)。The water ran hot. 水流著流著變熱了。Her blood ran cold. 她嚇壞了。The shirt ran small. 這件襯衣小了。～short of money/sugar 沒(méi)錢/糖了;The field ran wild. 田地荒蕪了。 Our time ran short. 我們沒(méi)時(shí)間。Our supplies ran low. 我們沒(méi)有給養(yǎng)了。The crowd ran riot in the street. 人群在街上橫沖直撞。 Grass ran riot in the vegetable beds. 菜園里的草蔓延滋長(zhǎng)?！纪絙ecome，get;
?(16)融化(melt when heated;become liquid and spread)[I]：The ice cream/wax/butter is starting to～. 冰激凌/蠟/黃油開(kāi)始化了。
?(17)褪色((of a coloured thing)spread its colour，when it is wet)[I]：The colours in my new shirt ran when I washed it. 我洗那件新襯衣時(shí)，它褪色了。That blue handkerchief～s and don't wash it with the white. 那塊手帕褪色，別和白色衣物一起洗。
?(18)招致，遭受，惹起(be subjected to;be affected by)[T+n]：～a temperature/a fever(infml)發(fā)燒;～the chance (danger) of being caught 冒著被抓的可能(危險(xiǎn));〖同〗have，take;
?(19)延伸(展)(extend in a particular direction)[I+prep]：lines (road)～ning parallel to the coast/the equator/the railway 與海岸線/赤道/這條鐵路平行的線段(道路);A path (street)～s by the sea/along the river bank/over the mountains/through the town/north. 一條小路(街道)沿著海邊延伸/河岸伸延/延伸到山那邊/穿城而過(guò)/向北伸延。The part of our coast～s from here to Dover. 我們的這段海岸線從這里一直延伸到多佛爾。A fence～s round the house. 房子周圍有一圈柵欄。 A scar～s across his leg. 他腿上有一條傷疤?！纪絜xtend，cover，go;
?(20)持續(xù);連續(xù)上演(last for the specified period of time;continue to be performed or valid)[I+prep(for)]：Is the play still～ning? 那出劇還在連續(xù)上演嗎?The performance/film～s for two hours. 這一演出/這部影片要持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。The play/sale/campaign will～for two months. 這出戲/這次銷售活動(dòng)/這一運(yùn)動(dòng)將持續(xù)兩個(gè)月。The class～s over three years. 這個(gè)班要上三年多。The lease (on my house)/contract/insurance～s for two more years. (我的房屋)契約/這份合同/這份保險(xiǎn)還有兩年才到期。Our agreement/The guarantee has another year to～. 我們的協(xié)議/這份擔(dān)保還有一年的有效期。〖同〗continue，last，go on;
?(21)(植物)蔓生((of plants)trail，spread or climb)[I+prep]：Ivy/Bindweed～s all over the wall (up the tree). 常青藤/旋花屬植物爬滿了墻(攀緣到了樹(shù)上)?！纪絫rail，spread，climb;
?(22)(意念，感情，消息等)掠過(guò)，傳遍(move or pass quickly)[I+prep]：An ice-cold shiver ran through her body. 她渾身打了個(gè)寒顫。 A thought ran through her mind. 她心里有了想法。Excitement ran through the audience. 觀眾情緒異常激動(dòng)。The rumour ran through the city. 謠言傳遍了全城。The pain ran up his leg. 他腿上一陣疼痛?！纪?spread;
?(23)寫(xiě)(說(shuō))道，敘述(be stated or reported)[I]：His story/letter ran as follows (like this). 他的故事/信的內(nèi)容如下。The newspaper headline/story～s that... 報(bào)上的標(biāo)題為/這故事講的是……;How does the song/the first sentence of the Charter of the United Nations～? 那首歌/《聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章》的第一句是怎樣唱(說(shuō))的?Her telegram～s“Come soonest. Mother ill.”她的電報(bào)上寫(xiě)著：“速回。母病。”〖同〗go，say;
?(24)刊載，發(fā)表(publish or print in a newspaper or magazine，etc)[T+n]：The paper is～ning a series of articles on economics. 這份報(bào)紙正在刊登一系列有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)的文章。～the ad on the back page/in the paper for two days 這個(gè)廣告連續(xù)兩天登在尾頁(yè)上/這份報(bào)紙上;～the story in three issues/the next issue 這個(gè)故事連續(xù)刊登三期/刊登在下期;〖同〗publish，print;
?(25)參加競(jìng)選(compete for election office)[I，I+prep(for/against/in)](esp AmE)：There were a lot of candidates～ning in the election. 有許多候選人參加競(jìng)選?！玣or mayor/for the presidency/for president 競(jìng)選市長(zhǎng)/總統(tǒng)/總統(tǒng);～in the next election/against sb 參加下次競(jìng)選/與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng);As a result，4285 candidates ran for 491 seats. 結(jié)果，有4285名候選人競(jìng)選491個(gè)席位。
?(26)提名……參加競(jìng)選(present as a candidate)[T+n](esp AmE)：The party ran two candidates in the election. 這個(gè)黨推舉兩名候選人參加競(jìng)選。～sb for President/Senators 提名某人參加總統(tǒng)/參議員的競(jìng)選;〖同〗stand，present，nominate;
?(27)(鮭魚(yú))洄游((of salmon) swim upstream in a large number from the sea)[I]：Many chum salmon are～ning now. 現(xiàn)在有許多大馬哈魚(yú)從海里洄游。
?(28)擁有并使用(possess and use(esp a vehicle))[T+n]：He can only afford to～a bicycle on his income. 以他的收入，他只買得起一輛自行車。A Rolls-Royce is too dear to～. 勞斯萊斯汽車太貴了，買不起。He～s a black Volkswagen. 他開(kāi)著一輛黑色大眾牌轎車?！纪給wn，possess，use;
?(29)脫絲(線)(ladder，tear or separate into threads)[I](尤AmE)：Her nylon tights/silk stockings～. 她的尼龍連褲襪/絲襪跳絲了。〖同〗ladder;
?(30)在……時(shí)發(fā)生，到達(dá)(take place，or reach at the particular time)[L+adj，I+prep]：The train is～ning three hours behind schedule. 這趟火車比預(yù)定時(shí)間晚了三個(gè)小時(shí)。The project is～ning two months late/two months early/on time. 這項(xiàng)工程晚兩個(gè)月/早兩個(gè)月/及時(shí)開(kāi)工?！纪絟appen，arrive;
?run across (v prep)無(wú)意間碰到(vt)：Where did you～across him/this beautiful old vase? 你是在什么地方碰到他/發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)漂亮的舊花瓶的?
?run after (v prep)追逐(求)(vt)：Don't bother～ning after the bus. 別費(fèi)事追那輛汽車了。I was told that Tom was～ning after you. 有人告訴我，湯姆正在追求你。
?run along (v adv)走掉(vi)：Be a good girl and～along：Daddy's busy. 做個(gè)聽(tīng)話的姑娘，離開(kāi)這兒，爸爸正忙著呢。
?run around (with)(v adv/prep)與……經(jīng)常(混)在一起(vt)：Ruth～s around with girls who like to go dancing. 魯斯經(jīng)常和那些愛(ài)跳舞的姑娘在一起。
?run at (v prep) 1)向……進(jìn)攻(vt)(無(wú)pass)：A big fellow ran at me with a knife. 一個(gè)高大的家伙拿著刀子向我沖來(lái)。2)達(dá)到(水平)(vt)：The rate of unemployment is～ning at 30%. 失業(yè)率達(dá)到30%。
?run away (v adv)逃開(kāi);(從)……跑(走)(vi)：He was frightened and ran away. 他嚇得跑掉了。He ran away from school. 他逃學(xué)了。
?run away with (v adv prep) 1)完全失去控制(vt)：His tongue/temper ran away with him and he said things afterwards regretted. 他管不住自己的舌頭/發(fā)脾氣了，說(shuō)了一些事后感到后悔的話。2)迅速消耗掉(vt)：Holidays abroad～away with a lot of money. 在國(guó)外度假要花很多錢。3)輕而易舉地取勝(vt)：Our team ran away with the game in the last half. 在下半場(chǎng)，我們隊(duì)輕而易舉地取得了這場(chǎng)比賽的勝利。
?run away/off with (v adv prep) 1)和……私奔(vt)：He ran away/off with his neighbour's wife. 他和他鄰居的妻子私奔了。2)偷了……跑掉(vt)：A thief ran away/off with Grandma's silver teapot. 一個(gè)小偷偷走了奶奶的銀壺。
?run back (v adv) 倒(磁、影帶等)(vt)：I will～the tape back to the right place. 我要把磁帶倒回到確切的地方。
?run down (v adv) 1)使耗盡能源(vi & vt)：The clock/Father's car battery has run down. 鐘表停了/父親汽車上的電池沒(méi)電了。If you leave the car lights on all night you'll～the battery down. 如果你讓車燈整夜地亮著，將會(huì)耗盡電池。2)(使)逐漸衰減(vi & vt) (常用prog)：The farm labour force is～ning down steadily. 農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力正在持續(xù)減少。Now many factories are～ning down their workers. 現(xiàn)在許多工廠正在裁減工人。3)撞倒(沉)(vt)：He was almost run down by a bus. 他幾乎被一輛公共汽車撞倒。4)非議，說(shuō)……壞話(vt)：She's always～ning her husband down in public/in front of her neighbours. 她總是當(dāng)眾/在鄰居面前貶低她丈夫。Susan ran down the club. 蘇珊說(shuō)該俱樂(lè)部的壞話。5)(經(jīng)過(guò)尋找終于)找(抓)到(vt)：Finally he ran down the article in a book. 最后他在一本書(shū)里找到了那篇文章。The police ran the burglar down eventually. 警察終于抓住了那個(gè)竊賊。
?run for it 奔跑逃命(躲避)：The bridge the soldiers were on started to fall down and they started to～for it. 士兵們腳下的橋開(kāi)始坍塌，于是他們便奔跑逃命。
?run for one's life/for dear life逃命：Office workers ran for their lives as an earth tremor shook the centre of town. 市中心發(fā)生地震時(shí)，辦公室的工作人員都逃命去了。
?run in (v adv) 1)匆匆拜訪(vi)：The neighbour boy ran in for a minute to see Bob's newest model rocket. 鄰居家的那個(gè)男孩過(guò)來(lái)待了一會(huì)兒，看了看鮑勃的最新火箭模型。2)抓起來(lái)(vt)：The policeman ran the man in for peddling without a license. 由于無(wú)照經(jīng)營(yíng)，警察把那個(gè)沿街叫賣的人抓起來(lái)了。3)試車(vt)：Don't expect me to get you home quickly. I'm still～ning my car in. 別指望我能很快送你回家，我還在試車呢。
?run in the family 一家人都有(……特點(diǎn))：A great interest in gardening～s in his family. 他的家人對(duì)園藝都有很大的興趣。
?run into (v prep) 1)無(wú)意間碰到(vt)：Lester didn't expect to～into many of his friends. 雷斯特沒(méi)想到會(huì)碰到那么多朋友。2)遇到，陷入(vt)：He has run into financial difficulties/trouble/danger/debt. 他陷入了經(jīng)濟(jì)困難/麻煩/危險(xiǎn)/債務(wù)中。3)碰上(壞天氣)(vt)：Climbing higher，we ran into a patch of thick mist which blotted out our route. 爬到高處時(shí)，我們遇到了大霧，前面的路模糊不清。4)和……相撞(vt)：Tom lost control of his bicycle and ran into a tree. 湯姆的自行車失去控制，撞在了樹(shù)上。5)(使)扎進(jìn)(vt)：The girl ran a needle into her thumb/the knife into the robber. 姑娘把針扎進(jìn)了拇指/刀子扎進(jìn)那個(gè)強(qiáng)盜的身上。6)達(dá)到(數(shù)量)(vt，無(wú)pass)：A good dictionary may～into several editions. 一本好詞典可以印幾版。The sum involved in the negotiation～s into five figures. 談判中所涉及的錢數(shù)達(dá)到五位數(shù)。
?run off (v adv) 1)使流掉;自己流掉(vt & vi)：The waste water can～off the floor through the sewer. 地上的污水可以從下水道流走。When the temperature reaches melting point，the metal～s off as a liquid and flows into special moulds. 當(dāng)溫度達(dá)到熔點(diǎn)時(shí)，金屬就變成液體，流進(jìn)特殊的模子里。2)使(賽跑)舉行(vt)：The heats of 100 metres are run off this afternoon. 今天下午舉行100米跑預(yù)賽。3)復(fù)印(制)(vt)：They have run off five hundred copies of newspaper (for us). 他們已經(jīng)(為我們)復(fù)印出500份報(bào)紙。4)攆走(vt)：Seeing a dog digging in the garden，the girl ran it off. 見(jiàn)一只狗在院子里刨土，姑娘把它攆跑了。
?run on (v adv) 1)連(持)續(xù)不斷(vi)：His cough has run on for a long time. 他已經(jīng)咳嗽了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。Time ran on. 光陰荏苒。2)不停地談(vi)：She has run on for hours about her family. 關(guān)于她的家庭，她已經(jīng)談了幾個(gè)小時(shí)。3)連寫(xiě)，連著排(vt)：～the letters on 把字母連著寫(xiě);“Run on”is an instruction to a printer to ignore paragraph indentation.“Run on”是告訴印刷工人不用考慮段落開(kāi)頭的空格。
?run on (v prep)講(某一內(nèi)容)，想(某事)(vt)：His talk/thoughts/thinking ran on the development in communication. 他的談話涉及到/他總是想/他在想通訊方面的發(fā)展情況。
?run out (v adv) 1)(合同、文件等)到期(失效)(vi)：His contract～s out shortly/next week. 他的合同很快/下個(gè)星期便到期了。2)用完，耗盡(vi)：His strength/patience/money has run out. 他已經(jīng)沒(méi)力量/耐心/錢了。Time/Food is～ning out. 快到點(diǎn)了/沒(méi)食品了。3)(使繩子等)松(放)開(kāi)(vi & vt)：The wire ran out through the hole. 金屬絲穿過(guò)那個(gè)孔拉了出來(lái)。The fisherman ran the line out into water. 那個(gè)釣魚(yú)的人把線放入水中。
?run out of (v adv prep)用完，耗盡(vt)：I'm～ning out of water/money/idea/time. 我快沒(méi)水/錢/主意/時(shí)間了。
?run out on (v adv prep)背(遺)棄(vt)：His wife ran out on him. 他的妻子背棄了他。
?run over (v adv) 1)溢出(vi)：The kettle/water in the kettle is～ning over. 水壺滿得/壺里的水溢出來(lái)了。2)(車輛)輾壓，壓死(傷)(vt)：The poor fellow was run over by a bus and killed. 那個(gè)可憐的家伙被公共汽車壓死了。3)匆匆看(復(fù)習(xí)，演習(xí))一遍(vt)：He ran over in his mind what he was going to say at the meeting. 他很快地想了想在會(huì)上要說(shuō)的話。During the lunch time，she ran over her notes. 午飯時(shí)，她匆匆看了一遍筆記。
?run through (v prep) 1) 濫用(vt)：He ran through ten gallons of petrol/all the money in a week. 一個(gè)星期內(nèi)他用了10加侖汽油/花光了所有的錢。2)迅速地做(練)了一遍(vt)：Let's～through the exercises orally before writing them down. 我們先口頭做一遍這些練習(xí)，然后再寫(xiě)下來(lái)。He ran through his lecture in his mind. 他在腦海里過(guò)了一遍他的講稿。3)匆忙看(放)一遍(vt)：Will you～that tape through again? 你把磁帶再放一遍好嗎?I'll just～through these letters and then we go out. 我把這些信件大致看了一遍，然后我們就出去。4)簡(jiǎn)述(vt)：Would you mind～ning through your proposals once again? 你簡(jiǎn)要地再說(shuō)一遍你的建議好嗎?5)扎穿，捅入(vt)：A spear ran through the soldier. 矛刺穿了那個(gè)戰(zhàn)士。She ran a knife through that man. 她用刀捅了那個(gè)男人。
?run to (v prep) 1)達(dá)到(數(shù)量，長(zhǎng)度)等(vt，無(wú)pass)：His fortune～s to several hundred thousand dollars. 他的財(cái)產(chǎn)達(dá)到了幾十萬(wàn)美元。The book～s to four hundred pages. 這本書(shū)有400頁(yè)。2)(有能力)買(vt，無(wú)pass)：We can't～to a new car this year. 今年我們沒(méi)錢買新車。Will the money you saved～to buying a new house? 你存的錢夠買一所新房子嗎?3)有某種傾向(vt，無(wú)pass)：Her taste in music～s to pop songs. 她對(duì)流行歌曲比較感興趣。
?run up (v adv) 1)升(舉)起(vt)：They～up their national flag on Monday morning. 每周一早晨他們升國(guó)旗。2)趕制 (vt)：She ran the blouse up herself this afternoon. 今天下午她自己趕制了這件罩衫。3)欠下(許多債或賬)(vt)：She ran up bills everywhere. 她到處欠賬。
?run up against (v adv prep) 遇到(困難，麻煩等)(vt)：He ran up against trouble/a few problems/a lot of opposition/many difficulties in his new job. 在新工作中他遇到了麻煩/一些問(wèn)題/許多反對(duì)意見(jiàn)/許多困難。
?→′runner n(賽)跑的人;送信者;走私者;狹長(zhǎng)地毯(桌布等);滑板;′runner-up n 亞軍;′running n 跑步，賽跑;管理，經(jīng)營(yíng);adj 流動(dòng)的;連續(xù)的;流(濃)鼻涕的;以跑步開(kāi)始的，作跑步用的;′runabout n 輕便小汽車;′runaway adj 逃跑的;失去控制的;來(lái)得輕易的;n 逃跑者;′rundown n 裁減;詳細(xì)分析;adj 精疲力竭的;(房屋)失修的，坍塌的;′run-in n(事情發(fā)生的)準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間;爭(zhēng)吵(論);′run-off n 加賽;′run-through n 學(xué)習(xí)，總結(jié);(從頭至尾)排練;′run-up n 助跑，助跑距離;(事情發(fā)生的)準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間;
?n (1)跑(步)，跑的一段時(shí)間(act，instance，or period of running)[C，a～]：have (take) a～around the track/before breakfast 圍著跑道/早飯前跑步;take sb/go for a～帶某人去/去跑步;have/make a～of several miles 跑了幾英里;break into a～突然跑了起來(lái);a thirty-minute/few minutes'～ 30分鐘/幾分鐘的跑步;a ten-mile/cross-country～ 10英里/越野賽跑;a take-off～(飛機(jī))起飛滑跑;
?(2)游覽(旅行)(instance of travelling in vehicles，esp for pleasure)[U，a～]：go for a～in the car 乘車兜風(fēng);take the car out for a～on the beach 乘車在海濱兜風(fēng);have (make/take) a～to New York/into the city/in the countryside 開(kāi)車去紐約/進(jìn)城/去鄉(xiāng)間游覽;do the South America～去南美旅行;〖同〗drive，trip;
?(3)(車，船)路線，班次(journey by train or ship，esp one on a regular or scheduled route)[C，the～]：make/take off an extra～增開(kāi)/取消額外的班次;The train makes four～s daily. 這趟火車每天四個(gè)班次。a train/bus on the Edinburgh～ 開(kāi)往愛(ài)丁堡線的火車/汽車;a bus on the～from Boston to New York 在波士頓和紐約之間定時(shí)行駛的公共汽車;The ship operates on the London—New York～. 這條船行駛在倫敦至紐約的航線上。The bus has finished its last～. 最后一班公共汽車已經(jīng)收車。
?(4)(車，船)旅程(時(shí)間)(distance or period covered during such a journey)[U，a～]：a 10-minute/five-mile～from the station 離車站走10分鐘/五英里的路程;make/cover a～of a hundred miles in three hours 三個(gè)小時(shí)走了100英里的路程;The ship's～averaged 300 knots a day. 這條船平均一天的航程為300節(jié)。It's an hour's～by car from here to the city. 從此地到那座城市乘車需要一個(gè)小時(shí)。
?(5)連續(xù)的演出(continuous sequence of performances)[U，a～]：The play had a six-month/good/long～. 這出劇連續(xù)上演了六個(gè)月/很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間/很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。have a～of fifteen weeks 連續(xù)上演15個(gè)星期;after the long～of A Midsummer Night's Dream《仲夏夜之夢(mèng)》連續(xù)上演了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間之后;during its four-week～at this theatre 它在這家戲院連續(xù)上演的四周期間;
?(6)一連串;一段時(shí)間(continuous set or succession of things or events;period of time)[C，a～]：have a～of wins/success/good luck/bad luck/failures 連續(xù)地獲勝/成功/遇到好運(yùn)/遭到厄運(yùn)/失敗;a～of fine/wet weather 連續(xù)的晴/雨天;a～of eight hours/5000 copies of the book 連續(xù)八個(gè)小時(shí)/出版了5000冊(cè)書(shū);a 10-hour～of work 連續(xù)工作了10個(gè)小時(shí);a～of office任期;have a long～of power 長(zhǎng)期掌權(quán);a trial～of a new engine/in a new car 一臺(tái)新發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)/車的試車期;
?(7)爭(zhēng)購(gòu)，擠兌(sudden and urgent demand for sth by many people)[C，a～][N(on)]：make a～on the bank/dollar 向銀行擠兌/爭(zhēng)著兌換美元;There was a great～on tickets/butter. 許多人爭(zhēng)購(gòu)票/黃油。
?(8)趨勢(shì)(向)(tendency or trend)[C，the～][N(of)]：the～of the market/the events/the stock market 市場(chǎng)/事態(tài)/股票市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì);keep up with the～of national events 跟上國(guó)內(nèi)事態(tài)的發(fā)展;in accordance with the recent～of events 按照事態(tài)最近的發(fā)展;The～of the game favoured us. 比賽的情況對(duì)我們有利。
?(9)普通類型(common or average kind)[C，the～]：the usual/average/common/ordinary～(of graduates/men)一般/普通/普通/普通類型(的畢業(yè)生/人);be out of the common～不一般(不平常)的;be above/different from the～of politicians 超過(guò)/不同于一般的政治家;〖同〗type;
?(10)飼養(yǎng)場(chǎng)(place in which domestic animals，chickens，etc are kept and they can run about)[C]：(build)a rabbit-/chicken-/sheep-～(建)一個(gè)養(yǎng)兔/雞/羊場(chǎng);
?(11)滑道(track along or down which sth can travel)[C]：a ski-～ 一條滑雪道;the beginners'～on a ski slope 滑雪山坡上供初學(xué)者使用的滑道;
?(12)(洄游)的魚(yú)群(lots of fish travelling together，esp upstream)[C]：the salmon～(洄游的)鮭魚(yú)群;A～of salmon swam up rapidly. 一群鮭魚(yú)向上游迅速游去。
?(13)抽絲(ladder)[C](AmE，=ladder)：I've got a～in my sock/my stocking/the tights. 我的襪子/我的長(zhǎng)筒襪/那件連褲襪上有一處抽絲了?！纪絣adder;
?a (good，etc) run for one's money 1)得到應(yīng)得的報(bào)酬或享受：She is satisfied to go away because she feels she has got an excellent～for her money. 她很滿意地離開(kāi)了，因?yàn)樗X(jué)得自己已得到了非常優(yōu)厚的報(bào)酬。2)激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)：Are you sure he will give us a good～for our money? 你肯定他會(huì)和我們激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)嗎?
?at a run 跑著(步)：The boys set out/go past at a～. 男孩子們跑步出發(fā)/從旁邊跑過(guò)去。
?give sb/get/have the run of sth 允許某人/獲得/獲得自由使用：He gave us the～of his house. 他讓我們使用他的房子。We have the～of his house. 我們可以使用他的房子。
?in the short run 在近期內(nèi)：Perhaps in the short～we need not pay the price of our follies，but... 就目前看，也許我們不需要為我們的愚蠢付出代價(jià)，但是……
?on the run 1)逃跑，在外逃竄：The escaped convict was on the～for a week. 那個(gè)逃犯在外逃竄了一個(gè)星期。2)奔忙，忙(碌)：Mother is on the～all day. 母親整天忙忙碌碌的。3)匆(急)忙：The horse/Father came on the～. 馬/父親急忙奔來(lái)。
?→′run-of-the-mill adj 普通的;′runny adj 稀的;流鼻涕(眼淚)的;
?【辨異】1)run與drip和leak的區(qū)別見(jiàn)DRIP。2)run與gallop、jog、race1 和trot的區(qū)別見(jiàn)GALLOP。