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adj (1)無人煙的，未開墾的(not inhabited or cultivated)[通常作attrib]：a large piece/area of～ground 一大片荒地;a～place 荒蕪人煙的地方;

(2)無用而可拋棄的(that can be thrown away as worthless or useless)[通常作attrib]：～matter produced by the factory 該工廠產(chǎn)生的廢料;～materials/products/energy 廢料/品/能源;The kitchen～pipe is blocked. 廚房下水管堵塞了?！玾ords 廢話;～matter 排泄物;

lay sth waste 毀壞某物，使……荒蕪(fml)：They did not realize the invaders laid～their civilization. 他們沒有認(rèn)識到侵略者毀壞了他們的文明。The nation was in mourning for a whole generation laid～. 這個國家為荒廢了的一代人感到痛心。

→′wasteland n 不毛之地;?waste′paper n 廢紙;

vt (1)浪費;濫用(use or expend sth thoughtlessly or carelessly)[T+n，T+n+prep(on)]：Get down to business;you're～ing time. 快干活吧，你在浪費時間。～gas/energy/electricity/food/strength/natural resources 浪費煤氣/能源/電/食物/精力/自然資源; All his efforts were～d. 他的全部努力都白費了。I have a～d journey. 我白跑了一趟。Don't～money on that new soap powder/on things you don't need/on trash. 不要浪費錢去買那種新牌的肥皂粉/自己并不需要的東西/無用的東西?！玾ords on sb/sth 對某人/某事白費口舌; I won't～another minute on you unless you're going to help! 我不愿意在你身上再浪費一分鐘，除非你愿意幫忙。His joke is～d on us.(fig) 我們并不欣賞他的笑話。Don't～time over it. 不要在這件事上浪費時間了?！纪絚onsume;〖反〗save，economize;

(2)未充分使用(not fully use)[T+n，通常 pass]：You're～d in your present position. 你現(xiàn)在的地位太屈才了。Fine clothes are～d on her. 好衣服穿在她身上穿不出樣來?！玜n opportunity 未充分利用機(jī)會;The goods lie～ing in the warehouse. 貨物白白地在倉庫中閑置著。

(3)使土地荒廢(make the land useless)[T+n，常 pass]：Bad farming～s this land. 亂耕亂種荒廢了這片土地。Long dry periods～ these fields. 長期的干旱荒廢了這些田地。The invading armies～d the countryside. 入侵的軍隊使鄉(xiāng)下的土地荒廢了。

(4)使……瘦弱(cause to lose energy or strength)[T+n，尤 pass]：His body was～d by a strange disease. (A strange disease～d his body.) 一種奇怪的疾病使他體弱消瘦。a～ing illness 使人瘦弱的疾病; the poor～d bodies of the concentration camp victims 集中營受害者們那可憐瘦弱的身軀;limbs～d by hunger 餓得瘦弱的四肢; (sb) be～d into a shadow(某人)骨瘦如柴;～one's strength 消耗自己的氣力;〖同〗weaken;〖反〗strengthen;

waste away (v adv)(指人)消瘦，衰弱(vi)：The old man～d away to skin and bone/to a skeleton. 這位老人瘦得皮包骨頭。He is～ing away from disease. 他因病而變得越來越虛弱了。

waste one's breath 白費口舌：Don't～your breath. He is as stubborn as a mule. 你不要白費口舌了，他十分固執(zhí)。

waste no time in doing sth 抓緊時間做某事：They～d no time in discussing this urgent matter.他們抓緊時間討論這件緊急的事情。

→′waster n 揮霍浪費的人;

n(1)浪費;濫用(condition of being wasted or act of wasting)[U，a～]：Such a routine job is a～of her talents. 這些日常工作對她的天賦是個浪費。a～of labour/precious time 勞力/寶貴時間的浪費; a～of words/breath 浪費口舌; It's a～of time talking to him. 跟他談話是浪費時間。a mere/sheer～of labour 十足的勞力浪費;an utter～of labour十足的勞力浪費; W～of food is wicked while people are hungry. 有人還在挨餓，浪費食物是有罪的。reduce/avoid/cut down～減少/避免/減少浪費; combat extravagance and～反對鋪張浪費;The city budget can afford no～. 市政預(yù)算不能濫用。〖同〗loss，misuse，misapplication;〖反〗saving，conservation;

(2)拋棄的東西，廢料(物)，垃圾(sth which can be thrown away or is no longer useful)[U]：The industrial/poisonous/radioactive～must be prevented from polluting our environment. 必須防止工業(yè)/有毒/放射性廢料污染我們的環(huán)境。The pond was thick with household/city/kitchen～. 這個湖里堆滿了家庭/城市/廚房垃圾。the～from a factory 工廠廢物; The seamstress used～to make doll clothing. 女裁縫用廢布料制作玩具娃娃的衣服。throw the～away 扔掉廢物; a nuclear～disposal plant 核廢料處理廠;〖同〗refuse，garbage，rubbish，litter;

(3)無人居住的地區(qū)，荒地(漠)(region or area that is not inhabited or cultivated;desert or wildness )[C，通常 pl]： barren～s 不毛之地; No crops will grow on these stony～s. 在這些滿是石頭的荒地上長不出任何莊稼。Huge～s spread out both sides as far as our eyes could see. 在我們所能看到的地方，兩旁皆是無人區(qū)?！纪絜mptiness，desert;

(4)凄涼的景象(dreary scene)[C]：the～of ruined houses 房屋被毀的凄涼景象; Much of the farm was all～and ruin then. 這農(nóng)場當(dāng)時大部分是一片凄涼荒廢的景象。a～of waters 一片汪洋; The city was burned into a desolate～. 城市被燒成荒涼的廢墟。Before us stretches a～of snow and ice. 我們面前是一片冰雪的荒野。

(5)排泄物(sth that is rid of from the body)(pl)：W～s from the body pass out from the bowels. 體內(nèi)的排泄物從腸內(nèi)排出。The function of kidney is to excrete～s from the body. 腎臟的功能是從體內(nèi)排出廢物。

go/run to waste 被浪費： Look at all that water going/running to～. 看看那些水都被浪費掉了。

→′wasteful adj 浪費的，揮霍的;′wastefully adv 浪費(揮霍)地;′wastefulness n 浪費，揮霍;′waste-basket，AmE ′waste-bin n 廢紙簍;′waste-pipe n 污水管，廢水管;

【辨異】waste 與 desert¹的區(qū)別見DE-SERT。