| 釋義 |
toprep.
1.towards對(duì)著，向著。
△ Ham. 1. 2. 95:“It shows a willmost incorrect to heaven.”這只表現(xiàn)一種違背天理的意志。
△1H. IV. 3. 1. 39 (38): “and the herds / Werestrangely clamorous to the frighted fields.”牛群怪叫著奔向受驚的田野。
△3H. VI. 5. 1. 78: “With whom an up-right zeal to right prevails / More than the nature ofa brother’s love.”在他，對(duì)于正義的正直熱忱戰(zhàn)勝了兄弟之愛的天然感情。
2. as far as,to the point of一直到…，到了 …的程度。
△H. V. 2. 3. 26 (24): “then I felt to his knees,and soup’ard and up’ard,and all was as cold as any stone.”接著，我一直摸到他的膝蓋，然后往上、再往上摸，全都像石頭一樣冰涼。
△H.V. 5. 2. 59: “But grow like savages-assoldiers will / That nothing do but meditate onblood- / To swearing and stern looks,defused attire,/ And every thing that seems unnatural.” 而變得像野蠻人一樣——就如那些除了把心思用在流血?dú)⑷松厦婢蜔o事可干的大兵——以至于咒天罵地、見人狠狠瞪眼、亂穿衣服、切都亂了套。
3. with a view to以…為目的，著眼于…。
△ Oth. 1. 2. 55:“General,be advised; / He comes to bad intent. ”將軍，要小心；他來意不善。
4. with the consequence of 結(jié)果造成。
△Ham. 1. 4. 38:“To his own scandal. ”結(jié)果弄得它聲名狼藉。
5. in relation to 對(duì)于。
△Com. 1. 2. 35: “I,to theworld,am like a drop of water”，對(duì)于這世界來說，我就像一滴水。
6. relating to與…有關(guān)。
△2H.IV. 4. 1. 174 (172):“Andpresent execution of our wills / To us and to our pur-poses confined.” i. e. our demands relating to us andto our proposals defined with precision. 與我們和我們的建議有關(guān)的要求必須立即實(shí)現(xiàn)，這一點(diǎn)有了明確規(guī)定。
7. in comparison with,as compared with,to be com-pared to與…相比，和…比起來。
△Ado. 1. 1. 55 (54):“And a good soldier to a lady; but what is he to alord?” 在一位小姐面前，他是個(gè)好戰(zhàn)士；但是在一位貴族面前他又是什么呢？
△Ado. 5. 1. 210 (201): “He is then a giantto an ape,but then is an ape a doctor to such a man.”和一個(gè)小丑比起來，他是個(gè)巨人；可是，和他比起來，一個(gè)小丑又是有學(xué)問的人了。
△Gent. 2. 4. 166 (165): “all I can isnothing / To her，”我所能做的事與她本身相比是微不足道的。
△Shr. 3. 2. 160 (157):“a fool to him.”跟他比起來真是個(gè)傻子。
△As. 3. 2. 99 (93): “Are but black toRosalind.”i. e. black as compared to Rosalind. 比起了羅薩琳都要顯得黯然失色。
△Rom. 2. 4. 42 (39):“Laurato his lady was a kitchen wench”，勞拉比起他的情人來不過是個(gè)灶下丫頭。
△Ham. 1. 2. 139:“So excellent a king,that was to this/ Hyperion to a satyr，”那樣好的一位國(guó)王，與現(xiàn)在這個(gè)比起來，簡(jiǎn)直是太陽(yáng)神比半人半羊怪。
△Ham.1.5.51: “a wretch whose natural gifts were poor/To those of mine!”他的天賦的才德與我相比不知要低多少倍！
△Mac. 3. 4. 64 (63): “Impostors to true fear”，i.e. Impostors when compared with true fear,i.e. not true fear. 和真的恐懼相比不過是虛假的東西；并不是真正的恐懼。
△1H.IV.3.3.128(114): “and for womanhood,Maid Marian may be the deputy’s wife of the ward tothee.”至于說婦道，瑪麗安姑娘要跟你比起來蠻可以當(dāng)這個(gè)區(qū)的副區(qū)長(zhǎng)太太了 。
△2H.IV.4.3.55 (50):“if you do not all show like gilt twopences to me，”要是你們跟我比起來不像是鍍金的兩便士。
8. comparable to可與…相比。
△Gent.2.4.139(138):“There is no woe to his correction.”什么樣的痛苦也不能與他的懲罰相比。
△1H.VI.3.2.25: “No way to that, for weakness,which she entered.”i.e.no other way can be compared to the one which she entered for weakness; it is the most weakly defended.再?zèng)]有其他道路，在防守薄弱方面，可與她進(jìn)入的這條路線相比。
9. in proportion to與…成正比。
△Rom.1.2.17: “My will to her consent is but a part；”只要她愿意，我的同意是沒有問題的。
10. according to按照，根據(jù)。
△2H.IV.4.1.104 (102):“Construe the times to their necessities.” i.e. interprete the present times in the light of the conditions which govern them.只要根據(jù)必然趨勢(shì)來解釋這個(gè)時(shí)代。
11. into accord with,in accordance with同…相一致，符合。
△Ham.2.2. 587 (553):“Could force his soul so to his own conceit”，能使他的靈魂融化在他的意象里。
△Mac.2.3.64 ( 58 ): “ Of dire combustion and confused events/New hatched to the woeful time.”新近就要策劃出與這苦難時(shí)世相一致的駭人騷亂和混亂事件
△Mac.3.3.4:“To the direction just.”完全符合原來的指令。
△1H.IV.3.1.123 (121 ): “Where being but young I frame to the harp / Many an English ditty lovely well，”我年輕時(shí)在宮里寫過不少配上豎琴?gòu)椬嗟挠⑽母枨置烂睢?br/>12. with regard to,about,concerning對(duì)于，關(guān)于，有關(guān)。
△As.4.3.127(125): “But to Orlando: did he leave him there,/Food to the sucked and hungry lioness?”但是，且說奧蘭多吧：他可把他撇在那里，給餓癟了奶的母獅子做糧食了嗎？
△Rom.4.1.34: “And what I spake ( =spoke),I spake it to my face.”(to my face:?about my face;
?openly)我說的話，指的是我自己的臉(雙關(guān)：是公開說的)。
△Oth.3.3.135:“I am not bound to that all slaves are free to.”我卻沒有義務(wù)去做奴隸們也可自由選擇的事。
△ 2H.IV.1.2.1: “what says the doctor to my water?”醫(yī)生對(duì)于我的尿怎么說？
△H.VIII.1.2.145:“To this point hast thou heard him.At any time speak aught?”關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)，你可曾在什么時(shí)候聽他說過什么嗎？
13. even to即使對(duì)于。
△Mac.3.1.83 (82):“To half a soul and to a notion crazed”，即使對(duì)于一個(gè)只有半個(gè)靈魂或者精神癲狂的人。
14. with用。
△2H.IV. 3.2.13 (12): “Indeed,sir,to my cost. ”不錯(cuò)，先生，花我的錢上學(xué)。
15. with跟，和。
△Tw.3.4. 250 (226): “no man hath any quarrel to me.” 沒人會(huì)有什么跟我爭(zhēng)吵的理由。
△Ado.2.1.245 (236): “The Lady Beatrice hath a quarrel to you.”貝特麗絲小姐對(duì)你不滿。
16. for,for the benefit of為了…
△H.V.5. Cho. 1.:“Vouchsafe to those that have not read the story,/ That I may prompt them；”為了有利于那些沒有讀過這段故事的觀眾，請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我向他們提示幾句。
△R.III. 1. 3. 314(313):“He is franked up to fatting for his pains.”由于他的辛苦，現(xiàn)在把他關(guān)在豬圈里養(yǎng)肥。
△L.L.L.4. 1. 102(99):“one that makes sport/ To the Prince and his book-mates.”這個(gè)人專為國(guó)王和他那些同學(xué)們逗樂取笑。
△Lr. 1.4.336 (311): “I cannot be so partial, Goneril,/To the great love I bear you，”高納里爾，我可不能為了我對(duì)你的深厚情意，就這樣偏心。
17. in the character of,as,for作為，當(dāng)做。
△Gent.3.1.84: “Now therefore would I have thee to my tutor”，所以我現(xiàn)在要把你當(dāng)做我的教師。
△Wiv.1.1.202(195):“we have a hot venison pasty to dinner.”我們今天有 一塊滾熱的鹿肉餡餅作為晚飯。
△Wiv.3.3.106(100):“having an honest man to your husband，”有這么一個(gè)好人做你的丈夫。
△As.5.4.140(133): “You to his love must accord,/Or have a woman to your lord.”你得要答應(yīng)他的愛情，不然就要個(gè)女人做夫君。
△H.V.3.Cho.28:“Suppose the ambassador (i.e. Exeter) from the French comes back,/Tells Harry that the King doth offer him/Katherine his daughter,and with her,to dowry./Some petty and unprofitable dukedoms.”假想著使臣已經(jīng)從法國(guó)人那里回來，告訴哈利法國(guó)國(guó)王提出了要把他的女兒凱瑟琳嫁給他，作為陪嫁的是幾個(gè)小小的、沒有什么油水的公國(guó)。
△H.V.3.7.64 (57): “I had rather have myhorse to my mistress.”我倒寧愿把我的馬當(dāng)做我的情婦。
△3H.VI.3.1.29: “And,as I hear,the great commanding Warwick /Is thither gone to crave the French king’s sister /To wife for Edward.”而且，我聽說，那掌握大權(quán)的沃里克已經(jīng)到那里去請(qǐng)求法國(guó)國(guó)王的姨妹做愛德華的妻子。
18. by靠，通過。
△Rom.1.1.193 (187): “to have it pressed/With more of thine.”i.e. by having it pressed with your griefs. 再用你的悲哀壓在它（我的悲哀）上面。
19. before在…前面。
△2H.IV.3.1.64: “Yea,for my sake,even to the eyes of Richard/Gave him defiance.”i.e. openly defied Richard to his face. 是的，他為了我甚至當(dāng)面對(duì)理查表示厭棄。
20. of
△Com.3.2.169 (163): “be guilty to selfwrong.”犯下對(duì)不起自己的過錯(cuò)。
△Ham.1.3.44:“Youth to itself rebels,though none else near.”i.e.Youth in its own nature is rebellious,and needs no tempter. 即使沒有旁人誘惑，青春本身也會(huì)對(duì)自己造反。
21. in addition to除…之外。
△Mac.1.6.18: “For those of old,/ And the late dignities heaped up to them，”為了過去和最近迭加于我家的封賜。
△Mac.3.1.52(51): “And to that dauntless temper of his mind,/ He hath a wisdom that doth guide his valour / To act in safety.”而且除了他那無畏的心性之外，他還有智慧引導(dǎo)他的勇敢安全行事。
22. in opposition to,against反對(duì)，針對(duì)。
△Rom.3.5.215 (213):“and all the world to nothing”，i.e. I would bet the whole world against nothing; it is a safe bet.我拿全世界對(duì)零來跟你打賭，我拿一切來打賭。(按： to解為inproportionto. in comparision with，“比”，意思也通。)
△Lr. 4. 2. 74:“bending his sword/To his great mas-ter，”拔劍對(duì)準(zhǔn)他的尊貴的主人。
△H.VIII.3. 2.92 (91 ):“the King / Does whet his anger to him.”國(guó)王要對(duì)他發(fā)脾氣了。
△R.III.1.2. 239 (237): “And yet to win her! All the world to nothing!” i.e. though the odds are infinitely against me.而居然把她贏到手里！ 在對(duì)我大大不利的條件下！
23. against違背。
△Ham. 1. 2. 101:“Fie，’tis a fault toheaven,/ A fault against the dead,a fault to nature，”嘿，這種行徑是違反了上天，違反了死者，違反了人之常情。
24. (used to indicate a stake in betting) against拿…跟…打賭。
△L. L. L. 5. 2. 561 (560): “My hat to a half-penny,Pompey proves the best Worthy.”我敢拿我的帽子和人賭半便士，龐培是最好的偉人。
△R.III. 1. 2 253(251):“My dukedom to a beggarly denier,/ I do mis-take my person all this while!”拿我的公爵爵位跟 一枚小銅幣打賭，我倒是一直把我自己的相貌估計(jì)錯(cuò)了！
25. i. e. speak to對(duì)…說話。
△ Tw. 4. 2. 72 (66): “Tohim in thine own voice,and bring me word how thoufind’st him. ”用你自己的聲音對(duì)他說話，再來告訴我他的情形怎樣。
Phrases:
to and fro: for and against反復(fù)地。
△2H.vi. 1. 1. 92(91):“debating to and fro / How France and French-men might be kept in awe，”反復(fù)討論如何把法國(guó)和法國(guó)人制服下去。
to boot: into the bargain. in addition,as well加之，此外，又。
△Mac. 4. 3. 37: “And the rich East to boot.”另外再加上富庶的東方。
△R.III.5. 3. 302 (301):“This,and Saint George to boot!” i.e. Saint George help us!這個(gè)，加上圣喬治對(duì)我們的保佑！
to it: ?get down to business,to work,get to work動(dòng)手做事，干起來，動(dòng)手吧。
△3H. VI. 5. 4. 72:“Give signalto the fight,and to it,lords!”現(xiàn)在發(fā)出戰(zhàn)斗信號(hào)，打吧，諸位！
?along with it,to match it,in addition to it與它在一起，與…相配，除了它之外。
△R. III.3. 1. 116:“A grea-ter gift? O,that’s the sword to it.”更大的禮物？ 啊，那就是除了短刀再加一把長(zhǎng)劍。
“To shallow rivers,to whose falls”： A fragment fromChristopher Marlowe’s “The Passionate Shepherd toHis Love”，a song very popular at the time. But SirHugh,in singing it,confused it with Psalm 137.
△Wiv.3.1.17-21,23-26 (休牧師所唱的是馬洛的著名短歌片斷，但他唱時(shí)加進(jìn)了第137首《贊美詩(shī)》的句子。)
to ’t: ?get to work干起來。
△Lr. 4. 6. 120 (117):“To ’t,luxury，”來吧，淫欲。
△Ham. 2. 2. 458 (429):“We’ll e’en to’t like French falconers,fly at anythingwe see.”我們就來吧，學(xué)一學(xué)法國(guó)的養(yǎng)鷹好手，無論見了什么都不放過。
△Oth. 3. 1. 16 (15):“If you have any musicthat may not be heard,to ’t again；” i.e. to play again. 要是你們有聽不見的音樂，請(qǐng)?jiān)僮嗥饋戆伞?br/>?to it,tothe point; tell me. 說到點(diǎn)子上；說吧。
△Ham. 5. 1. 54(49):“To ’t again,come.”來，重新說過。
?to it,i.e.besides此外，而且。
△H. VIII. 1. 3. 14: “Their clothesare after such a pagan cut to’t ( = it)，”他們的穿戴也仿效著異教徒的款式。
to the purpose: worth mentioning,of importance 值得提起，關(guān)系重要。
△Rom. 2. 4. 46 (42):“Thisbe a greyeye or so,but not to the purpose.”提斯比也許有雙眼睛，但也不值一提。
to us: as to us,as far as we are concerned至于我們。
△2H. IV. 1. 3. 69: “To us no more,nay,not somuch,Lord Bardolph，”至于來打我們的不過這么多，不，還沒有這么多，巴道夫勛爵。
to wit: that is to say,namely那就是說，即。
△As. 5. 1.58 (52):“or,to wit,I kill thee，”或者，換句話說，我要?dú)⒛恪?/p> |