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v (1) 拖，拉，拽(pull (sth heavy) along with effort and difficulty)[T+n， T+n+prep， T+n+adv]：～a heavy load/a chain/a box/a sack/a fallen tree 拖著重載/鏈子/箱子/袋子/倒下的樹;～one's foot/one's broken leg 拖著腳步/一條斷腿走;～sb out of water/a crashed aircraft 把某人從水中/墜毀的飛機中拽出;～sb apart to stop a fight 把……拉開以制止斗毆;～oneself along/home/to work/to bed 拖著疲憊的身子走/回家/去上班/上床;〖同〗pull， haul， draw;

(2) 磨蹭，費力地進行(move (oneself) slowly and with difficulty)[I+prep，I+adv]：～behind (the others)在(別人)后面磨磨蹭蹭地走;Don't～around looking half dead. 不要磨磨蹭蹭的，顯得半死不活的樣子。Traffic during the rush hour just～s. 高峰時的交通簡直如蝸牛爬行。〖同〗crawl;〖反〗speed;

(3) 強使，硬拽(take (sb who was unwilling to go) with one to somewhere)[T+n+prep， T+n+adv](fig)：～oneself out of bed 強使自己起床;～sb into seeing the dentist 硬拽某人去看牙醫(yī);～a child to the dentist/a person out to walk on a cold night 硬拽一個孩子去看牙醫(yī)/強拽一個人在寒冷的夜里出門散步;

(4)(使)拖著走((cause to)move along the ground or through sth)[I， I+prep， I+adv， T+n， T+n+prep]：The bottom of her long dress～ged (along) in the dust. 她長裙的裙邊在塵土中拖著。Her skirt～ged (along) on the ground. 她的裙子在地上拖著。The bride's long train～ged (along) behind her. 新娘的長裙在身后拖著。His belt～ged behind him. 他的皮帶垂在身后。Don't～the clothes in the mud. 不要讓衣服在泥中拖著走。Sheep often～their tails through bushes. 綿羊在灌木叢中穿行時尾巴常常掛到枝杈上。(ship)～her anchor during the storm (船)在暴風(fēng)雨中拖著錨漂移;〖同〗trail;

(5) 拖延(appear to be very slow-moving and boring ) [I， I+adv(on)]：The meeting/evening～ged a little. 會議/晚會拖得長了一點。The film/play ～ged terribly. 這部電影/劇太長了。The performance/lecture～ged on and on (for hours). 表演/講演沒完沒了(拖了好幾個小時)。The war～ged on and on for years. 戰(zhàn)爭拖了好幾年。Time/The day seemed to～(on). 時間/日子似乎停滯了(過得很慢)。How much longer is the report going to～on? 這報告還要嘮叨多久?〖同〗slow;

(6) 用網(wǎng)或鉤子拖找(search(the bed of a lake， river， etc) by using a net or hook)[T+n]：～a river (looking) for/to find a drowned body (the body of a missing boy)用網(wǎng)在河里拖找溺水者的尸體(失蹤男孩的尸體);

drag one's feet/heels 故意拖延：We suspect the Government of～ging their feet. 我們懷疑政府是在故意拖延。

drag sth in(to)扯上題外話：Politicians often～politics into everything. 政客們常常是談什么都扯上政治。

drag out (v adv)拖延(長)(vt & vi)：～out a talk/a meeting/a discussion 使交談/會議/討論拖得很長;

drag sth out (of sb)使說出：～the truth/a fact/a confession/a concession out of sb 使某人說出實情/說出事實/招供/讓步;

drag up (v adv)不必要地提起(vt)：Don't～up the question/the old story/the particular episode/the incident again. 不要再提起那個問題/那件舊事/那段特別情節(jié)/那件事。

n(1) 拖，拉，拽(act or state of pulling sth heavy along with effort and difficulty) [C， U];

(2) 拖拽物(sth that is pulled along over a surface) [C]：harness a horse to the～給馬套上車;

(3)累贅，拖累，阻止(person or thing that makes progressing or moving difficult) [C， a～][N(on/upon)](infml)：His family was a～on his career (progress). 他的家庭對他的事業(yè)(進步)是個累贅。His lack of business sense/lack of education was a～on his career(progress). 缺乏商業(yè)意識/受教育不夠?qū)λ氖聵I(yè)(進步)是個障礙。This mud causes a～on the wheels. 泥濘的路使車輪轉(zhuǎn)動受阻。have a～on one's fishing reel 釣魚線繞軸上安了制動器;

(4) 飛行阻力(resistance of the air to the movement of an aircraft) [U]：The design of the aircraft reduces～. 這架飛機的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計降低了阻力。

(5) 無聊的事和人(thing or person that is dull and boring) [U， a～](sl)：The party was a～. Let's go home. 那聚會沒意思，咱們回家吧。Ironing sheets/Washing-up/Walking is a～. 熨被單/飯后洗碗碟/步行很煩人。His wife is a～.他妻子是個乏味的人。Don't be such a～— come along with us. 別那么別扭——和我們一起去吧。

(6)吸(香煙)(act of breathing in smoke from a cigarette) [C](sl)：take a long～at one's cigarette 長長地吸一口煙;

(7)(男人穿上的)女裝(women's clothes worn by a man)[U](sl)：in～(男人)穿著女裝;He appeared in～as the fairy queen in the play. 他在劇中著女裝扮演仙女皇后。 She looks like a prize-fighter in～. 她穿著異性服裝看起來像個職業(yè)拳擊手。a～act/artiste 男扮女裝的表演/藝術(shù)大師;

→′dragster n 改裝的加速賽車;′drag-hunt n 嗅跡守獵法;′draghound n 獵犬;′drag-net n 拖網(wǎng);法網(wǎng);

【辨異】drag與draw，pull和trail都表示用力氣使某物隨身后移動。pull(拉，拽) 用得最廣，囊括了其他幾個詞的所有語義，如：pull a wagon behind(身后拉著貨車);drag 指使很重的物體在(水平或傾斜)地面上克服摩擦力或重力、阻力等費力地拖動;draw(拉，拽) 比pull較正式，不如其通俗，如：draw/pull a boat onto the beach(把船拉上海灘);此外，draw 還可表示“拉開(上)(窗簾) ”; trail(拉，拽) 指在身后漫不經(jīng)心地拖拽，如：trail one's teddy bear behind(身后拉著一只玩具熊);還有haul和tow也與上述詞同義。haul(拉，拽) 與drag 一樣，表示使很重的物體費力地在地面上拉或提拉，特別是用繩子拉，如：haul the raft over the sand-bar(把木排拖上沙堤);haul 還有用車輛搬運沉重物品或器材的含義;tow(拉，拽) 指車輛等用繩子或鏈子拖拉損壞的物體，通常不太費力，如：tow a car to a garage/a ship into port(把車子拖去修車場/船拖去海港)。