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vi (1)搏(爭(zhēng))斗，扭打(fight)[I，I+prep(with)，I+adv]：The two men were～ing. 那兩個(gè)人在搏斗?！玾ith a thief/an intruder和小偷/闖入者搏斗;～with a restive horse/a heavy parcel 竭力駕馭桀驁不馴的馬/吃力地提著沉重的包裹;～for room on the subway在地鐵車上擠個(gè)地方;～for a knife/the possession of sth 爭(zhēng)奪一把刀/某物的擁有權(quán);〖同〗battle，compete，fight;〖反〗y(tǒng)ield;

(2)掙扎(move one's limbs or body violently to free oneself)[I，I+prep (against/with)，I+adv，I+to-inf]：The pony～d and kicked. 小馬奮力掙扎，亂踢亂踹。(prisoner)～against one's captors(被捕人)要掙脫逮捕者;～in sb's arms 在某人的懷抱中掙扎;～to get away from one's attacker 掙扎著要逃脫襲擊者的攻擊;～to free oneself 奮力掙脫;

(3)奮斗，斗爭(zhēng)，拼搏(make great efforts or try hard to deal with a difficulty or situation)[I，I+prep (against/with)(for)，I+to-inf]：～against poverty/overwhelming odds/a desire for sleep/those who oppose the plan和貧窮/懸殊的差距/睡意/那些反對(duì)計(jì)劃的人們作斗爭(zhēng);～with illness/a difficult task與疾病/艱難的任務(wù)作斗爭(zhēng);～with one's conscience/one's economic problems與自己的良心搏斗/努力解決經(jīng)濟(jì)問題;～for independence 爭(zhēng)取獨(dú)立;～for supremacy/power 爭(zhēng)奪霸權(quán)/權(quán)力;～for reform/a living 為改革/生計(jì)而奮斗;～to survive/meet the deadline/control one's temper 為生存拼搏/努力在規(guī)定期限內(nèi)完成工作/竭力控制脾氣;〖同〗strain，strive，push;

(4)艱難地行進(jìn)，吃力地進(jìn)行(make one's way with violent effort (in the specified direction))[I+prep，I+adv]：～against the wind/the tide 頂風(fēng)/浪前進(jìn);～through the snow/the mud/the undergrowth 在大雪/泥濘/灌木叢中掙扎前行;～to the surface of the water/the shore 掙扎著浮出水面/沖向岸邊;～into a tight dress 費(fèi)勁地套上緊身衣;(chick)～out of the shell(雞雛)破殼而出;(person/bird)～out of a net(人/鳥)從網(wǎng)中掙扎著逃脫;～out of a burning car 奮力爬出著火的汽車;～up from the sofa/the chair/the seat 掙扎著從沙發(fā)/椅子/座位上起身;

struggle along/on (v adv)掙扎，在極其困難中求生(vi)：They managed to～along somehow. 他們總算設(shè)法活下來了。

n (1)搏(爭(zhēng))斗，扭打;掙扎;斗爭(zhēng)(hard fight)[C]：a short～短暫的搏斗;hand-to-hand～徒手搏斗;in the～to arrest a thief 在抓小偷的搏斗中;the～between two men/two teams 兩個(gè)人/隊(duì)之間的爭(zhēng)斗;the class/power～階級(jí)/權(quán)力斗爭(zhēng);～for existence/survival 生存/生死斗爭(zhēng);a(long/hard/heroic)～for independence/national freedom 為獨(dú)立/民族自由進(jìn)行的(長期/艱苦/英勇)斗爭(zhēng);lose many men in a～斗爭(zhēng)中犧牲了很多人;a～with cancer 同癌癥的斗爭(zhēng);surrender/yield/give up without a～不斗爭(zhēng)就投降/屈服/放棄;〖同〗fight，battle;

(2)奮斗，努力(great effort)[C，通常sing]：a～to catch the end of the rope 掙扎著去抓住繩頭;learn sth through a～通過奮斗學(xué)到東西;control one's feelings with a～竭力控制感情;gain control of sth after a long～經(jīng)過長期的努力控制住……;〖同〗effort，push，strain