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| 詞匯 | hard |
| 釋義 | hard1 /had; hard/ adj (-er, -est) 1 (contrasted with soft) '( 與 soft 相對(duì)) firm; not yielding to the touch; not easily cut; solid: 堅(jiān)硬的; 堅(jiān)固的： as ~ as rock; 堅(jiān)硬如菖石; ground made ~ by frost. 凍硬的土地。 Teak is a ~ kind of wood. 柚木是一福堅(jiān)亙的木材。 a ~ nut to crack, (fig) a difficult problem; person difficult to deal with or influence. (喻)難題; 難以對(duì)付或接受影響的人。 2 (contrasted with easy) (與 easy 相對(duì)) difficult (to understand or explain); needing mental or moral effort: 難以了解或解釋的; 困難的 . ~ words, difficult for learners, (also 4below); 難解釋的字; 難字(參看下列第 4 義); a ~ problem/book/language; 困龜?shù)膯?wèn)題(書(shū)，語(yǔ)言); a subject that is ~ to understand. 難了解而課題。 S/te found it ~ to make up her mind. 以下決心。 That man is ~ to please/He is a ~ man to please. 那人(他) 是個(gè)難以取悅的人。 It's ~ to say which is better. 很難說(shuō)那一個(gè)較好。 It's ~ for an old man to change his way of living. 老年人難以變更他的生活方式。 3 causing unhappiness, discomfort, or pain; difficult to endure: 引起不快，不適或痛苦的; 難以忍受的： have/be given a ~ time, experience difficulties, misfortunes, etc; 經(jīng)歷一段困舍的日子; these ~ times, in these times of money shortage, unemployment, etc when life is difficult. 值此困苦時(shí)期(缺錢(qián)，失業(yè)等生活困苦時(shí)期)。 (find sth) ~ going, (find progress) difficult. (覺(jué)得某事)很難進(jìn) fjo (find sb) ~ going, (find him) difficult (to understand), or boring (to listen to) (覺(jué)得某人)很難了解，言談乏味。 learn (sth) the ~ way, with perseverance and hardship. 眼苦地學(xué)習(xí)。 4 severe; harsh: 嚴(yán)厲的; 苛刻的： a ~ father, one who treats his children severely; 嚴(yán)父; ~ words, harsh, showing lack of sympathy. 嚴(yán)厲的言語(yǔ)。 be ~ on sb, treat him severely. 對(duì)某人嚴(yán)厲。 drive a ~ bargain, → bargain, take a ~ line, be uncompromising. 不妥協(xié)。 Hence, 由此產(chǎn)生， i' 'liner n person who is uncompromising. 不妥協(xié)的人。 line'(21). 5 (of the body) having ~ muscles and not much fat: (指身體)結(jié)依的 .Regular physical exercises soon made the boys ~. 經(jīng)常的運(yùn)動(dòng)不久便使那些男孩的身體結(jié)實(shí)了。 as ~ as nails, a strong and muscular. 強(qiáng)健的。 b (fig) without sentiment, or sympathy; ~-hearted. (喻) 沒(méi)有感情的; 硬心腸的。 6 done, doing (sth), with much effort or force; strenuous: 辛苦的; 費(fèi)力的; 猛烈的： a ~ blow; 重?fù)? go for a ~ gallop; 蟲(chóng)騎一陣快馬; a ~ worker. 辛苦的工作者。 7 (of the weather) severe: (指天氣) 酷烈的： a ~ winter/ frost. 嚴(yán)冬 (寒) 。 8 (of sounds) (指聲音) The letter c' is hard in 'cat' and soft in 'city'. 季母 'c ，在 'cat' 一字中是硬音，在 'city' 一字中是軟音。 The letter W is ~ in 'gun' and soft in 'gin'. 字母 'g' 在，gun' 一字中是硬音，在 'gin' 一字中是軟音。 9 (various uses) (各種用 ~ and fast (rules, etc), that cannot be altered to fit special cases. 不許變更的; 嚴(yán)格的 (規(guī)則等) 。 ~ of hearing, rather deaf. 重聽(tīng); 聽(tīng)力不好 back/ cover n book bound in a ~ (= stiff) cover (contrasted with paper-backed books): 精裝書(shū) (硬書(shū)皮裝訂，與平裝書(shū)相曲)： The book has just appeared in ~ back. 這書(shū)剛有精裝本出版。 Hence, 由此產(chǎn)生，， ~ .backed / covered / bound adj. '~board /-bo: d; -bord/ n [U] kind of material like plywood in appearance and use, made by compressing waste wood that has been ground up finely. 高壓板 (由木屑噠成，外觀與用途都很像夾板) 。 ~ 'cash n [U] coins and notes, not a cheque or a promise to pay. 現(xiàn)金; 現(xiàn)款。 ~ core n a broken brick, rubble, etc (as used for foundations, roadmaking). (作為地基，路基用的) 碎傳、碎石等。 b solid central, basic or underlying part; nucleus: 堅(jiān)實(shí)的中心，基底或底層; 核心： the ~ core of the opposition/rebellion. 反對(duì)黨 (叛黨) 的中堅(jiān)分子。 ' ~ court n (tennis) court with a ~ surface, not of grass. (網(wǎng)球) 硬地球場(chǎng) (非草地， ~ 'currency n one that is reliable and stable. 引多穩(wěn)定之貨幣。 i ~ 'drug n one likely to lead to addiction, eg heroin. 麻醉藥 (例如海洛英) 。, ~- 1 headed /'hedid; 'htdid/ adj practical; not sentimental; business-like. 講求實(shí)際的; 不感情用事的; 實(shí)事求是的。 i ~- 'hearted /'hatid; 'hartid/ adj unfeeling; lacking in sympathy or the gentler emotions. 無(wú)情的; 硬心陽(yáng)的。 l 'labour n [U] imprisonment with ~ physical labour as a punishment. 勞役; 苫役。 'liquor/'drink n [U] with high alcoholic content eg whisky. 烈酒 (酒精成分多的，例如威士忌) 。 i ~ 'luck/'lines n [U] worse fortune than is deserved. 倒霉。 Hence, 由此產(chǎn)生， ,~-'luck story, one seeking pity, sympathy (for oneself). (用以取得憐憫、同情等的) 倒霉事。 ~ 'shoulder n ~ surface 'at the side of a motorway, to be used in an emergency: 高速公路之路側(cè) (緊急情況時(shí)使用)： The lorry driver pulled over to the ~ shoulder when one of the tyres burst. 有一個(gè)輪胎爆裂, 卡車(chē)司機(jī)連忙把車(chē)開(kāi)到高菠公路的路側(cè)。 l standing n [U] area of ~ surface, eg, concrete, for the parking of vehicles. 硬地面 (例如由混凝土鋪成可停放車(chē)輔者) 。 '~top n car with a steel top and no sliding roof. 有固定金屬頂篷 (非活動(dòng)頂篷) 之汽車(chē)。 '~ware n [U] a ironmongery; metal goods for domestic use, eg Pans, nails, locks. 鐵器類(lèi); 五金類(lèi) (如鍋，釘，鎖等) 。 (b) military ~ wore, weapons and equipment, eg armoured vehicles. 武器和裝備 (例如裝甲車(chē)輛) 。 c computer ~ uwe, mechanical equipment (contrasted with information and programmes, called software). 計(jì)算機(jī)硬體 (與稱(chēng)作 software 之資訊及程式相對(duì)) 。 'water n [U] containing mineral salts that interfere with the lathering of soap. 硬水 (含有干擾肥皂起泡之礦鹽) 。 '~wood n [U]~ heavy wood, eg oak, ebony, teak, contrasted with soft wood, eg pine, fir. 硬材 (例如橡木，烏木，柚木，與松木，椎木等軟木相對(duì))： (attrib) (形容用法) ~ wood floors. 硬木地板。 ~ness n |
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