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| 詞匯 | hold |
| 釋義 | hold1 /hsuld; hold/ vt, vi (pt, pp held) /held; held/ (For uses with adverbial particles and preps, Q 14 below.) (與副詞接語及介詞連用的用法，參看下列第 14 義。) 1 [VP6A, 15A, B] have or keep in one's possession, keep fast or steady, in or with the hand(s), arm(s) or other part of the body, eg the teeth, or with a tool: 執(zhí)住; 握住; 抓緊; 拿?。?The girl was ~ing her father's hand. 那安孩德住她父親的手。 They held hands/held each other's hands. 他 ih 互相握住手。 She held me by the sleeve. 她抓住我的袖子。 She was ~ing up an umbrella. 她打著雨傘。 He held the knife in his teeth as he climbed the tree. 他爬樹時用牙齒叼著刀子。 ~ the line, keep a telephone connection (eg while the person at the other end goes away to find sth or sb), 不把電話掛斷; 繼續(xù)維持通話。 also baby, brief，(1), pistol. 2 [VP6A, 15A, B] restrain; keep back; control: 壓疝; 阻止; 抑制; 控制 j: The police held back the crowd. 書察阻止了春眾。 It took three of us to ~ the madman. 我們?nèi)齻€人合力制住那個風(fēng)子。 Try to ~ the thief until the police arrive. 設(shè)法制住那小偷, 等警察到來。 He held his attacker at arm’s， length. 他把攻擊者阻止在一臂之外。 The dam gave way; it was not strong enough to ~ the flood waters. 水壕坍塌了; 它不夠堅固, 擋不住洪水。 ~ ones breath, eg from excitement or fear: (例如因興奮或恐懼而)屏息： The watchers held their breath as the acrobat crossed the tightrope. 當(dāng)賣 ■ 藝者走過繡索時, 觀眾都屏息。 ~ (one-s) fire, stop shooting for a time. ?；?。 ~ one's tongue/peace. be quiet. 緘默; 住孱。 There is no ~ing sb/sth, It is impossible to restrain or control him/it: 無法約束或控制某人(某事物)： There was no ~ing her, eg because she was so determined or high-spirited. 沒有辦法阻止她(例如因為她太堅決或太高興)。 3 [VP15A, B, 2C] keep or maintain sb/sth in a specified position, manner, attitude or relation-ship: 使某人或某物保持特定位置，態(tài)度，姿勢或關(guān)系： H~ your head up. 把你的頭抬起來。 H~ your arms up/ out. 把你的手臂舉起來(伸出來 H~ yourself still for a moment while I take your photograph. 我給你拍照的那一剎那，你不要動。 ~ oneself in readiness (for), be prepared (for sth, an emergency). 準(zhǔn)備好(做某事，應(yīng)付緊急事件)。 ~ one's sides with laughter, laugh heartily. 捧腹大笑。 4 [VP6A] maintain a grip of: 抓緊; 握牽： This new car ~s the road well/has good road- ~ing qualities, is stable, eg when cornering at speed, 部新汽塞很穩(wěn)(例如在快速轉(zhuǎn)彎時)。 5 [VP6A] support; bear the weight of: 支持; 承受重量： This nail won't ~ such a heavy mirror. 這釘子支持不住這樣重的鏡子。 Come down—that branch won't ~ yoU 下來 — 那樹枝承受不了你的重量! 6 [VP6A] be fUled by; have the capacity to contain or accommodate: 裝; 盛; 能夠容兩： Will this suitcase ~ all your clothes? 這衣箱能裝得下你所有的衣服嗎? This barrel ~s 25 litres. 這桶能裝 25 公升。 What does the future ~ for us? 我何豚來的命運如何？ /fe (= has) strange views on religion. 他對宗教持有奇怪的看法。 ~ sth in one's head, retain, not forget, eg a mass of details, statistics. 牢記; 記得(細節(jié)，統(tǒng)計數(shù)字等)。 (not) ~ water, (not) be sound, valid, logical: 站得住(站不住); (不)正確; (不)合乎黑輯： Your argument doesn't ~ water. 你的論點站不住。 7 [VP6A, 22] keep the interest or attention of: 維持興趣或注意力： The speaker held his audience spellbound. 演說者使聽眾聽得入迷。 8 [VP9, 15A, B, 22, 25] consider; regard; believe; affirm: 認(rèn)為; 視為; 相信; 確定： ~ a man to be a fool/ ~ that he is foolish; 認(rèn)為某人是傻子; ~ the view that a plan is/ ~ a plan to be impracticable. 認(rèn)為某計劃不切實際。 The President is not held in great respect. 那位總統(tǒng)并不十分受人尊敬。 He does not ~ himself responsible for his wife's debts. 他并不認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該對妻子的債務(wù)負(fù)責(zé)。 ~ sb in high/low esteem, have a high/low regard for him. 非常(不很)尊敬某人。 ~ sth dear/cheap, place a high/low value on it: 重視(不重視)某事物： He ~s his reputation dear. 他重視他的名譽。 9 [VP6A] defend; keep possession of: 保畚; 保為： They held the fort against all attacks. 仙們堅寺那堡壘，抵撫所有的進攻。 ~ the fort, (fig) be in charge during sb's absence: (喻)當(dāng)某人不在時，代理職掌： Jane had to ~ the fort (be in charge of the house) while her mother was in hospital. 在她母親住醫(yī)院期間，珍只好代理持家。 ~ one's ground, stand firm, not retreat: 堅守陣地; 不撤退： Our soldiers held their ground bravely. 我們兵士英勇地堅守陣地。 —one's own, not give way: 堅持立場; 不讓步： The patient is still ~ing his own, maintaining his strength. 那病人仍然在支撐著。 Mr Green held his own, eg in a debate, maintained his position (bv arguing well). 格林先生堅持自己立場(例如在辯論中，立蓄精辟)。 10 [VP6A] be the legal owner or possessor of: 保有; 擁有： ~ shares/stock. 保有股會(股票)。 land—er at land (6). share ~ er at share1 (3), stock ~ er at stock (5). 11 [VP6A] occupy; have the position of: 占看; 在位： The Social Democrats held office then, were the government. 當(dāng)時是社會民主黨執(zhí)政。 Hence, 由此產(chǎn)生， Office-~er. 12 [VP6A] have; conduct; cause to take place: 皋行： ~ a meeting/debate/examination. 舉行會 n (辯論，考試 We ~ a General Election every four or five years. 我們每四年或五年舉行大選。 The Motor Show is usually held in October. 汽車展覽會通常在十月舉行。 ~ court, (fig) entertain, welcome, admirers: (喻)接待敬慕者： a film-star ~ing court at London Airport. 一位電影明星在倫敦機場接待影迷。 → court (2). 13 [VP2A, D] remain unbroken, unchanged, secure, under strain, pressure, etc. (在緊張，壓力等下)不破; 不變; 安全。 0 5 above, 參看上列第 5 義。 How long will the anchor ~, stay fast in the sea bed? 這錨會固定在海底多久？ How long will this fine weather continue? 這好天氣將繼續(xù)多久？ cbreak'(5). The argument still ~s (good/true), is still valid. 這論據(jù)仍舊有效。 14 [VP15B, 3A, 2C, 14] (uses with adverbial particles and preps; for non-idiomatic uses c1, 2. 3 above): (與副詞接語及介詞連用的用法; 非習(xí)慣語用法參看上列第 1, 2, 3 義)： hold sth against sb. allow sth to influence one's opinions adversely: 由于受某事的影響而對某人持不好的看法 Don't ~ his criminal convictions against him. 不要因為他判過刑而對他存偏見。 hold (oneself) aloof,。aloof. hold back, hesitate; show unwillingness: 躊躇; 退縮： Buyers are ~ing back, making few or no offers. 買主們不愿出價。 When danger came, no one held back. 危險來到時，無人退縮。 ~ sb/sth back, a 0 2 above. 參看上列第 2 義。 b hinder the progress of: 阻礙; 阻止： His poor education is ~ing him back. 他的教育程度差阻礙了他的發(fā)展。 c keep secret or to oneself: 隱而不宣; 不公開： ~ back information. 隱藏著消息不宣布。 hold sb/sth down, a 3 above. 參看上列第 3 義。 b oppress; keep down or under: 控制; 危制： rulers who ~ the people down, oppress them. K 迫人民的統(tǒng)治者。 We must ~ (=keep) prices down. 我們必須抑低物價。 ~ a job down, (colloq) keep it by proving one's capabilities, (fg) 表現(xiàn)才能而保持住職位。 hold forth, speak rather pompously, as if in public. 高談闊論。 ~ sth forth. (~ sth out, below is preferred) offer; propose. 提供; 提議 (hold sth out 較常用)。 hold sth in, check; restrain: 抑制; 壓抑： ~ in one's temper; 抑制自己的脾氣; ~ oneself in, control one's feelings, eg of indignation. 壓抑自己的感情(例如憤慨)。 hold off, a remain at a distance: 保持距離： The storm held off. 風(fēng)暴滯留在遠處。 Will the rain ~ off until after the picnic? 雨會延緩到野餐之后下嗎? b delay action: 延擱行動： H~ off for a minute. 延分鶴。 ~ sb/sth off. keep at a distance: 使保持距離： H~ your dog off! 趕開你的狗！ His cold manner ~s (better keeps) people off, deters them from trying to be friendly. 他的畝淡態(tài)度使人不敢親近(用 keeps 較佳)。 hold on, a stand firm when there is danger, difficulty, etc: 堅定： How much longer do they think we can ~ 他們以為我們還能支持多久？ b (usu imper) stop: (M常作祈使用法)停止： H~ on a minute! Not so fast! Don't go further in what you're doing. 停一停！ ~ on to. a keep one's grip on; not let go of: 抓住; 不放手： ~ on to one's hat on a windy day. 在大風(fēng)的日子抓住自己的帽子。 The boy held on to the bush until someone climbed down the cliff to rescue him. 這男孩抓住那矮樹，直到有人爬下懸崖去救他 - b not give up the ownership of: 不放棄擁有; 不出讓： You should ~ on to your oil shares. 你慮該掌握你的石油股份。 ~ sth on, keep in position: 使固更： These bolts and nuts ~ the wheels on. 這些螺栓及螺帽使輪子固定。 hold out, a maintain resistance; not give way: 抵抗; 不退讓： How long can we ~ outigainst these attacks? 我們對這些攻擊能抵抗多久？ b last: 維持; 繼續(xù)： How long will our food supplies ~ out? 我們的貯糧還能維持多久? can't ~ out (= retain my urine) much longer—I must find a toilet. 我內(nèi)冬不能再久等了 —— 我必須找個廁所。~。 for, continue to demand: 繼續(xù)要求; 堅持： The workers are still ~ing out for higher wages, insisting on being granted their demands. 工人們?nèi)耘f堅持更高工資。 ~ out on, refuse to deal with: 拒絕與…來往： He's still ~ing out on me, still opposing my wishes, refusing my request. 他仍然拒絕跟我來往。 ~ sb/sth out. a 3 above. 參看上列第 3 義。 b offer: 給予： The doctors ~ out little hope of recovery. 醫(yī)生們認(rèn)為痊愈的希望甚微。 hold sth over, defer; postpone; adjourn: 延擱; 延期; 休會： The matter was held over until the next meeting. 此事被延至下次會議解決。 ~ sth over sb, use it as a threat: 以某事要脅某人： He's ~ing my past record over me. 他用我過去的記錄威脅我。 hold to sth, a remain loyal or steadfast to: 忠實; 堅定： He held to his convictions/choice/ course of action. 他忠于他的信仰(抉擇，行動方針)。 b keep to: 遵行： The ship held to a Southerly course. 那艘船遵行南方航線。 ~ sb to sth, make sb keep, eg a promise: 使某人遵守(諾言等)： We must ~ the contractors to their estimates, not allow them to exceed them. 我們一定要承旭孺遵守他們的估價。 ~ sb (up) to ransom, demand money by threatening penalties, etc; blackmail: 以處罰等作威脅而索取金錢; 勒索; 敲詐： Those strikers were not ~ing the country (up) to ransom. 那些罷工者并不是在向全國敲詐。 O ransom. hold together, a be and continue whole: 在一起; 成一整體： The body work of this old car hardly ~s together, is falling apart, eg from rust. 這幕舊汽車的車身由于生銹等幾乎要脫落開了。 b remain united: 團結(jié)一起： We Tories always ~ together in times of crisis. 我們保守黨黨員在危急時期永遠團結(jié)在一起。 ~ sb/sth together, cause to remain together; unite: 使結(jié)合在一起; 使團結(jié)： The country needs a leader who will ~ the nation together. 那國家需要一個能使全國團結(jié)的領(lǐng)袖。 hold sb/sth up. a 1. 2 above. 參看上列第 1, 2 義。(bj delay: 延擱; 阻?。?They were held up by fog/the immigration authorities. 他們?yōu)殪F(移民當(dāng)局)所延擱。 c stop by the use or threat of force, for the purpose of robbery: 攔路搶劫： The travellers were held up by bandits. 旅客遭強盜攔翅。 Hence, 由此產(chǎn)生，' ~ up n a ~ up on the Underground, eg by a power failure; 地下火車運輸因為停電等的延擱; a bank ~ up, eg one by armed robbers. 銀行被持械強盜等搶劫。 d put forward as an example: 舉出作為例證： Don't ~ me up as a model husband. 不要拿我作為模范丈夫的例子。 ~ sb up to derision / scorn / ridicule, expose him to deformed to hold the shares of subsidiary companies. 股權(quán)公司 (控制附屬公司股份的公司) 。 rision, etc. 嘲笑某人。 hold with sth, approve of: 贊成某事： Do you ~ with nudity on the stage? 你贊成演員在舞臺上裸體么？ |
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