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詩文 《益世報》創(chuàng)刊
釋義

《益世報》創(chuàng)刊

20世紀前后,資產(chǎn)階級改良派和民主革命派,為了各自的政治目的,大力進行輿論宣傳,于是各種形式的報刊紛紛問世。而報紙以刊期短、報道快,更為人們所喜讀。特別是辛亥革命以后,社會急劇變異,新舊思潮激蕩,輿論更為勃興,各樣背景和形式的報刊益形發(fā)展?!兑媸缊蟆?(日報)就是在這種背景下,于1915年10月10日,應(yīng)運而生。
《益世報》 是羅馬天主教會在中國印行的中文日報,它是一份以西方教會為背景的報紙。創(chuàng)辦人為天主教神甫雷鳴遠(比籍) ; 劉浚卿任總理,報館首創(chuàng)于河北,后館址設(shè)在榮業(yè)大街1077號,再后遷往東門外洋貨街。
《益世報》雖然頗為重視宣揚西方文化,并曾支持袁世凱稱帝; 但是,大多數(shù)時間里,它還能比較客觀地報道中國社會及天津的各方面情況; 在 “五四” 愛國運動時期,承印過《天津?qū)W生聯(lián)合會報》 ,后來又聘周恩來為特約通訊員,1921~1922年間,還連載了周恩來自法國發(fā)回來的《旅歐通訊》150篇之多,表現(xiàn)了一定的進步傾向。


·益世報館


1931年“九一八”事變后,由于《益世報》抨擊國民黨不抵抗政策,主張抗日救國,受到讀者的極大歡迎。天津淪陷后,于1938年底轉(zhuǎn)遷到昆明出刊; 1940年遷往重慶出刊;抗戰(zhàn)勝利后,于1945年12月1日返回天津復刊;1949年1月15日天津解放后??G昂筮_30余年。在天津是最有影響的報紙之一,其影響可與天津《大公報》相比。
《益世報》雖然為宗教背景,但是并非傳教性報刊,而是內(nèi)容十分豐富的公共性報刊,它對當時中國的內(nèi)政、外交、經(jīng)濟、軍事、文化和社會風情等方面,特別是對當時發(fā)生的重大事件,均有比較翔實的報道,對研究近現(xiàn)代史、中外關(guān)系史、文化史、地方史和社會史等,提供了大量的足資參證的珍貴歷史資料。建國前,《益世報》與《申報》、《大公報》 、《民國日報》并稱 “四大報” 。
《益世報》為了迎合市民心理,擴大銷路,還連載通俗小說,然后出版。如董濯纓所著《新新外史》,連載12年,很受讀者歡迎; 報館在1926年出版甲、乙兩集,1929年又出丙集; 到1936年這部200萬字的書才出齊,共12冊。
Around 20th century,bourgeois reformists anddemocratic revolutionists founded many newspapersand magazines to spread their ideas. Newspapers wereespecially favored because of their short publication termand their timely report. After the revolution of 1911,newspapers and magazines developed rapidly becauseof the sharp social changes and collision between the oldand new thoughts. Yishi Newspaper (daily) was foundedin October 10 in 1915 under this circumstance.
Yishi Newspaper was a daily newspaper in Chinesepublished by Roman Catholic Church. Its founder wasthe Catholic priest Lei Mingyuan (Belgium) and LiuJunqing was its manager. It was located in No. 1077 inRongye Street and later moved to Yanghuo Street outsidethe east gate.
As a newspaper with the western church background,Yishi Newspaper attached much attention to spreadwestern culture and it supported Yuan Shikai`s claimingof the emperor. However,in most cases,it objectivelyreported social events of China and Tianjin. DuringMay Fourth Movement,it was responsible for printingNewspaper of Tianjin Students Union. It employedZhou Enlai as its special reporter. From 1921 to 1922,it published in series more than 150 articles aboutEurope by Zhou Enlai who was then studying in France.Therefore,it was in a way supporting the revolution.
After the September 18th Event in 1931,YishiNewspaper was highly appraised by its readers becauseit attacked the nonresistant policy of KMT and supportedthe anti-Japanese actions. It moved to Kunming at theend of 1938 after Tianjin was occupied. In 1940 it movedto Chongqing. After the victory of the anti-Japanesewar,it returned to Tianjin in December 1 in 1945. Itspublishing was stopped after the liberation of Tianjinin January 15,1949. It had run for more than 30 yearsand had been one of the most influential newspapers inTianjin. In terms of its influence,it was comparable withTa Kung Pao Newspaper.
Though Yishi Newspaper had religious background,it was not a newspaper preaching religion. It was apublic newspaper with rich contents. It reported in detailpolitical,diplomatic,economic,military,cultural andsocial events in China and especially those big events.It provided large quantity of precious historic materialsfor the research of modern history,relationship historybetween China and foreign countries,culture history,local history and social history. Before the foundingof the People`s Republic of China,Yishi Newspaper,Shenbao Newspaper,Ta Kung Pao Newspaper andMinguo Daily were jointly called the Four Newspapers.
To promote its sales and to cater to the public,YishiNewspaper also published novels in series and thenpublished them as a whole,for example,the New Historyby Dong Zhuoying was published in Yishi Newspaperin series for 12 years and was greatly applauded byreaders. It published two collections in 1926 and thethird collection in 1929. It was not until 1936 that thewhole collection with more than 2 million characters andtwelve volumes was published.


·《益世報》局部


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