| 釋義 |
butrefl. pron.
1. who not. that not
△Wiv.1.4.15(14): “but nobody but has his fault”，但是每個(gè)人都不免有他的短處。
△R.III.3.6.12: “Yet who’s so bold but says he seesit not?”但是誰(shuí)的膽子那么大，竟敢不說(shuō)他看不出來(lái)？
2. which not,that not
△Mer.5.1.60: “There’s notthe smallest orb which thou behold’st/But in his mo-tion like an angel sings.”你所看見(jiàn)的每一顆微小的星球，在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的時(shí)候無(wú)不像天使一樣歌唱。
butprep.
1. except除了…之外。
△Tw.5.1.105 (101):“but thathe may not have.”i.e. except what he may not have;Olivia’s love. 除了他不能得到的那一點(diǎn)（奧麗維婭之愛(ài)）之外。
△Rom.Prol.11: “Which,but their children’s end, nought could remove，” i.e. Which nothing,excepttheir children’s death,could remove. 除了他們兒女的雙雙死亡，什么也無(wú)法把它平息。
△Ham.3.1.137(131):“Letthe doors be shut upon him. that he may play the foolnowhere but in’s (= his) own house.”給他關(guān)上門，讓他只在自己家里胡鬧。
△Mac.3.4.102 (101): “Take anyshape but that.”(that: that of a ghost.)無(wú)論你用什么形狀，只要不是這個(gè)樣子。
△2H.IV.5.3.91 (89): “By’r La-dy. I think’a be,but goodman Puff of Barson.” (Si-lence takes Pistol’s “greatest” to mean “fattest”.)憑圣母起誓，我想除了莊稼漢巴森的潑夫以外，他就是最胖大的了。
△H.V.2.2.135: “Not working with the eye withoutthe ear,/ And but in purged judgement trusting nei-ther?”知人論事，不僅用眼看，還要用耳聽(tīng)，而且除非自有明斷，絕不輕信所見(jiàn)所聞。
△H.V.3.7.22 (21):“He is pure airand fire; and the dull elements of earth and water never appear in him,but only in patient stillnesswhile his rider mounts him.”它是純粹的“風(fēng)”與“火”；在它身上從來(lái)沒(méi)有顯出“土”和“水”這兩種重濁的元素，除非當(dāng)它安靜不動(dòng)，好讓騎它的人跨上脊背的時(shí)候。
△2H.VI.2.2.81:“Richard shall live to make the Earl of Warwick/The greatest man in England but the King.”理查有朝一日必使沃里克伯爵在英國(guó)成為除國(guó)王之外最大的人物。
△2H.VI.3.2.287:“He shall not breathe infection inthis air/But three days longer,on the pain ofdeath.”他三天以內(nèi)必須離開(kāi)，不得在三天之外再散布毒素污染這里的空氣，否則立即處死。
△3H.VI.4.3.21:“Ay,wherefore else (i.e. otherwise why) guard we his roy-al tent/But to defend his person from night-foes?”是呀，要不然，我們守衛(wèi)著國(guó)王的寶帳，除了保衛(wèi)圣駕不受夜晚敵人的襲擊，又是為了什么呢？
△H.VIII.3.1.116(117):“If ye beanything but churchmen’s habits，”如果你們不僅僅白白披著一身道袍。
2. except for,except除非。
△2H.IV.2.3.7: “Alas,sweet wife,my honour is at pawn,/And but my go-ing,nothing can redeem it.”唉呀，親愛(ài)的妻子，我的榮譽(yù)正處在存亡關(guān)鍵，除非我親自前往，沒(méi)有什么東西能夠把它挽救。
△1H.IV.1.3.77: “Why,yet he doth deny hisprisoners,/But with proviso and exception”，嘿，他到現(xiàn)在還是拒絕交出俘虜，除非按照他所提出的條件。
3. anything but除了…不。
△2H.IV.4.5. 84 (85):“That tyranny,which never quaffed but blood，”非血不飲(又譯：嗜血成性)的暴君。
4. than比起。
△Ham.1.1.100:“which is no other,/As it doth well appear unto our state / But to recoverof us,by strong hand/ And terms compulsatory,those foresaid lands”，用意所在，我們的當(dāng)局看得很清楚，無(wú)非是要用武力和強(qiáng)迫的條件從我們手里恢復(fù)上述的那些土地。
no more. .. but: no more ...than無(wú)非，僅僅。
△H.V.4.1.255 (235): “every fool whose sense no more canfeel/But his own wringing!”每一個(gè)傻瓜，而他所能感覺(jué)到的僅僅是他自己的肚子疼！
5. before在…以前，不久…就。
△Mac.4.2.22: “I takemy leave of you; / Shall not be long but I’ll be hereagain.”我告辭了；不久我還會(huì)再來(lái)。
butad.
1. nothing but,only,just,merely,simply只不過(guò)，僅僅，只。
△L.L.L.1.1. 225:“but so”，不過(guò)如此。
△Wiv.4.1.7:“I’ll but bring my young man here to school.”我還要把我這個(gè)小家伙送到學(xué)校。
△Mer.1.1.154 (153):“spend but time”，不過(guò)是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。
△Mid.5.1.19:“ifit would but apprehend some joy，”只要它感到一些快樂(lè)。
△Tw.1.5.273 (252): “O.such love / Could be but recompensed.”啊，這樣的愛(ài)情僅僅得到應(yīng)有的回報(bào)。
△Tw.2.4.2:“Now,good Cesario,but that piece of song，”喂，好西薩里奧，只要那支歌。
△Tw. 4. 2. 99 (89):“But aswell! Then you are mad indeed,if you be no better inyour wits than a fool.”僅僅和我一樣！ 那么你可真是瘋了，假如你的頭腦只是和傻子一樣。
△Rom.3.3.135 (136):“For whose dear sake thou wast but lately dead.”為了她你剛才還難過(guò)得要死。
△Rom.4.5.46: “But one,poorone,one poor and loving child,/But one thing to re-joice and solace in，”只有這一個(gè)，可憐的一個(gè)，一個(gè)可憐又可愛(ài)的孩子，我惟一的快樂(lè)和安慰。
△Ham.2.2.293 (278):“Why,anything—but to the purpose.”隨便說(shuō)什么，只是要對(duì)題。
△Oth.1.1.158 (157):“Which is indeed but sign.”那不過(guò)是幌子而已。
△Oth.3.4.103(104):“Theyare all but stomachs,and we all but food；”他們?nèi)贿^(guò)是胃口，我們?nèi)贿^(guò)是食物。
△Oth.3.4.118(119): “Butto know so must be my benefit；” i.e. To be suremerely of that will be better than uncertainty. 僅僅知道如此，我也受惠不淺。
△Mac.1.7.6:“But here,uponthis bank and shoal of time，”僅僅在這人世上，在這時(shí)間大海的岸灘上。
△Mac.1.7.8: “that we but teach/Bloody instructions,which,being taught,return/Toplague th’ inventor.” i.e. We only teach others howto murder,and the instructions,once taught,comeback to trouble the person who thought of them. 我們用血腥手段教人，不過(guò)是把人教會(huì)了，反過(guò)來(lái)災(zāi)殃再落到創(chuàng)始者頭上。
△2H.IV.5.4. 71 (65):“I am,my lord,but as mybetters are,/That led me hither.”大人，我不過(guò)是跟領(lǐng)我到這里來(lái)的那些地位比我高的人們一樣罷了。
△H.V.2.2.8:“Nay,but the man that was his bedfellow，” i.e.onlyto think that the man...不僅如此，只消想一想曾經(jīng)是國(guó)王的密友與他同榻而眠的那個(gè)人…
△3H.VI.3.1.80:“No,/For we were subjects but while you were king.”不，我們僅僅在你當(dāng)國(guó)王的時(shí)候才是你的臣民。
△3H.VI.4.3.25:“But follow me,and Edward shall be ours.”只要跟我來(lái)，愛(ài)德華就一定在我們手里。
△3H.VI.4.7.37:“What,fear not,man,but yield me up the keys.”怎么，你，別擔(dān)心，只用把鑰匙交給我就行了。
△R.Ⅲ.1.3.165 (164):“But repetition of what thou hast marred.”i.e.onlyreciting what you have impaired.僅僅為了把你破壞掉的事情重述一遍；僅僅為了重述你所干的壞事。
and it be but: if only即使僅僅…
△2H.Ⅳ.4.7.112(106):“He shall die,and it be but for pleading sowell for his life.”即使僅僅因?yàn)樗懨脑捳f(shuō)得這么好，他也得死。
but said: merely spoken僅僅說(shuō)過(guò)。
△2H.Ⅵ.3.2.293:“Had I but said,I would have kept my word；” 只要是我僅僅說(shuō)過(guò)的話，我就要照話去辦。
but that:i.e.only that one,only that once僅僅那一回
△2H.Ⅳ.2.1.99 (97):“But that in all my life,when I was a youth.”我一輩子僅有那么一回，那時(shí)候我還是個(gè)年輕人。
2. just剛剛。
△2H.Ⅳ.4.5.203 (204):“And all myfriends,which thou must make thy friends,/ Havebut their stings and teeth newly ta’en out；”我所有的那些朋友，你也必須當(dāng)做你自己的朋友的，他們的毒刺和利牙不過(guò)才剛剛拔掉。
but now: just now,even now剛才，剛剛。
△2H.Ⅵ.4.9 .34:“But now is Cade driven back,his mendispersed,/And now is York in arms to second him . ”凱德剛剛被打退，他的部下剛散，現(xiàn)在約克就起兵響應(yīng)他。
△R.Ⅲ.1.3.31:“But now the Duke of Buckinghamand I/Are come(i.e. have come) from visitin g hisMajesty.”白金漢公爵和我剛剛見(jiàn)過(guò)陛下，才從那里出來(lái)。
3. just,exactly恰恰，正是。
but dead: as good as dead必死無(wú)疑。
△2H.Ⅵ.3.2.387:“If thou be found by me,thou art but dead.”如果發(fā)現(xiàn)你在我身邊，你就死定了。
butconj. 1.unless,except除非。
△Tw.1.5.295(274):“O,youshould not rest/Between the elements of air andearth,/But you should pity me!”啊，你在天地之間將不能得到安寧，除非你憐憫我！
△Shr.3.1.63 (62):“but I bedeceived,/Our fine musician groweth amorous.”除非我看錯(cuò)，我們這位音樂(lè)家有點(diǎn)動(dòng)情了。
△As.3.2.50(48):“you salute not at the court but you kiss your hands；”i.e.You do not salute without kissing your hands. 你們?cè)趯m廷里一見(jiàn)人行禮就要吻手。
△As.3.5.5:“Falls notthe axe upon the humbled neck/But first begs par-don.” i.e. except that he begs pardon; without beg-ging pardon.在低垂的頸項(xiàng)上落下斧頭之前，也總要先說(shuō)一聲對(duì)不起。
△Rom.2.2.76: “And but thou love me,let them find me here；”但如果你不愛(ài)我，就讓他們?cè)谶@里把我找到。
2. if.…not如果…不…
△L.L.L.4.1.99 (96): “I ammuch deceived but I remember (= if I do not remember)the style.”我若是記不得這個(gè)筆調(diào)，那就未免太怪了。
△Tw.3.1.35(39):“I would be sorry,sir,but thefool should be as oft with your master as with my mis-tress.”i. e.I should be sorry if the fool were not oftenwith your master,etc.(Feste hints that Cesario is“the fool”and that he is better with his master than hanging about Olivia.)先生，我真要感到抱歉了，如果傻子不常常留在你主人家里正像常常在我的小姐這里一樣。(按：小丑這話暗示說(shuō)西薩里奧也是一個(gè)“傻子”，他該留在奧西諾公爵家里，而不該常到奧麗維婭這里糾纏。)
△Oth. 3. 3. 90: “Perditioncatch my soul/But I do love thee!”如果我不愛(ài)你，愿我的靈魂永墮地獄！
△Ham.5.1.250 (228):“And but thatgreat command o’ersways the order，”要不是朝廷的嚴(yán)命強(qiáng)壓住教規(guī)。
△2H.Ⅳ.4.3.33 (30):“I would be sorry,my lord,but it should be thus.” i.e.if it were not thus; if it were otherwise. 如果事情不是這樣，我倒要覺(jué)得遺憾了。
3. if it were not that若非，要不是。
△Oth.1.3.193:“I >here do give thee that with all my heart/Which but thou hast already,with all my heart/I would keep |