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(1)論據(jù)，理由(reason(s) for or against sth)[C][N(for/against)，N+that]：There are many～s against smoking/capital punishment/the measures有許多反對吸煙/實(shí)行死刑/這些措施的理由。powerful～s for turning the land into a park/accepting the proposal 贊同把那片土地變成花園/接受那建議的有力理由;There is a strong～in favour of the theory.有支持這理論的有力論據(jù)。accept sb's～that we should increase taxation 同意某人關(guān)于我們應(yīng)該提高稅收的理由;〖同〗reason;

(2)辯論(use of reason to persuade sb)[U]：settle the affair by～通過辯論解決該事;agree without much further～沒有再辯論就同意;spend hours in～花好幾個(gè)小時(shí)進(jìn)行辯論;

(3)爭論(吵)(quarrel or unfriendly discussion)[C][N(with)(about/over)]：get into a hot (heated)～about matters of taste/whether to go卷入一場關(guān)于愛好/是否去的熱烈爭論;have a violent～over war/whose turn it is進(jìn)行一場關(guān)于戰(zhàn)爭/該輪到誰了的劇烈爭論;be engaged in an～with sb 忙于與某人爭論;have an～with sb about/over politics 與某人爭論政治問題;〖同〗quarrel，row;

(4)梗概(short account of the story or subject of a book，poem，etc)[C]：It used to be the custom to print the～of a play before the main text.從前在劇本前面印出其梗概是一種慣例。the central～of a book一本書的主要梗概;〖同〗summary，outline，abstract;

←′argue v;

→?argumen′tation n 辯(爭)論;?argu-′mentative adj 好辯(爭)論的;?argu-′mentatively adv 好辯(爭)論地;

【辨異】1) argument與quarrel都可表示“爭吵”。argument指用激烈的語言表達(dá)的意見分歧;quarrel則是互相用尖刻、生氣的語言還敬對方，可譯為“吵架”。還有row²(吵嚷，大聲爭吵)指短時(shí)間的大聲爭吵，也可指知名人士之間或組織之間的互相攻擊。2) argument 與debate都可表示“辯論”。argument是雙方用事實(shí)說服對方的辯論;debate則多指雙方或多方在公眾會議上進(jìn)行的辯論;還有dispute是雙方或多方用激烈、氣憤的言語進(jìn)行的簡短辯論。后兩者還可用作動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)與argue的區(qū)別亦如上述。