v (1)(使)震(抖，搖)動(dòng)((cause sb/sth to)move to and fro，back and forth，or up and down with short，jerky movements)[L+adj，I，T+n，T+n+adv (about/around)，C+n+adj]：a bolt～ing loose in an engine 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)上震松的螺栓;The house/earth～s when trains go by. 火車(chē)經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)，房子/大地震動(dòng)起來(lái)。(trees) be～ing in the wind.(樹(shù))隨風(fēng)搖動(dòng);～the bottle before taking the medicine 服藥前要把藥瓶搖一搖;The earthquake/strong wind/heavy steps～the house. 地震/大風(fēng)/沉重的腳步使房子震動(dòng)起來(lái)?！玸ome pears down from the tree 從樹(shù)上搖下來(lái)一些梨;The wet dog shook himself. 渾身濕透的狗抖掉身上的水。(bumpy car ride)～sb around a bit(顛簸的乘車(chē)旅行)顛得某人有點(diǎn)搖搖晃晃;(vibrations)～the panel loose(震動(dòng))震松了儀表盤(pán);〖同〗vibrate，quake;
?(2)(指人或人的聲音)發(fā)抖((of a person or sb's voice) tremble)[I，I+prep (with)]：He is～ing with cold/emotion/anger/fear/laughter. 他冷/激動(dòng)/生氣/害怕/笑得發(fā)抖。His voice shook (with emotion) as he told me the bad news. 他把壞消息告訴我時(shí)(由于激動(dòng))聲音在發(fā)抖?！纪絫remble，shiver;
?(3) 1)使心緒不寧，使震驚(煩惱)(disturb sb's mind;make sb feel worried;trouble or shock sb)[T+n，T+n+adv (up)]：The mining disaster shook the town. 礦上的災(zāi)難使全城震驚。be badly shaken (up) by the bad news/the accident 為壞消息/事故而震驚;〖同〗 disturb，distress，frighten; 2)動(dòng)搖，減弱(make less certain;weaken)[T+n]：～sb's courage/sb's belief/sb's determination 削弱某人的勇氣/動(dòng)搖某人的信念/動(dòng)搖某人的決心;His lying shook my faith in him. 他的謊話動(dòng)搖了我對(duì)他的信任。The currency crisis shook the economy. 貨幣危機(jī)動(dòng)搖了經(jīng)濟(jì)。(theory) be shaken by the new evidence(理論)被新證據(jù)所動(dòng)搖;〖同〗weaken;
?(4)握手(take and hold sb's right hand in one's own for a moment，sometimes moving it up and down，as a sign of greeting，goodbye，agreement，etc)[T+n，I，I+prep (on)]：～each other by the hand(～hands with each other)握手;We're agreed，so let's～(on it).(infml) 咱們意見(jiàn)一致，來(lái)握握手吧。
?shake the dust (of sth) off one's feet (shoes)離開(kāi)令人不愉快的地方：If he wants me to work in his London office，he won't need to ask twice. I shall be glad to～the dust of this small town off my feet. 如果他想讓我到他在倫敦的辦公室去工作，他不必再說(shuō)第二次，離開(kāi)這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)我正求之不得呢。
?shake one's fist (at sb)(向某人)揮拳表示憤怒或威脅：He shook his fist at me and told me not to say that again. 他向我揮舞拳頭，告訴我不許再那么說(shuō)。
?shake one's head 搖頭(表示不同意、悲傷或懷疑)：She shook her head at the idea. 對(duì)這個(gè)主意她搖搖頭。
?shake in one's shoes/boots 怕得發(fā)抖(infml)：He was～ing in his shoes as the large dog moved towards him. 那條大狗向他靠近，他嚇得直發(fā)抖。
?shake a leg(尤用于imper)快點(diǎn)，趕緊：Come on，～a leg! We'll never finish if you don't hurry up. 喂! 快點(diǎn)，你要是不抓緊，我們永遠(yuǎn)也干不完。
?shake like a leaf 因害怕(緊張)而顫抖：The teacher asked to see his work. The young boy stood up，～ing like a leaf. 老師要檢查那男孩的作業(yè)，他抖得篩糠似地站了起來(lái)。
?shake down (v adv) 1)適應(yīng)新環(huán)境(vi)：The new teaching staff is～ing down well. 新來(lái)的教師們正在很好地適應(yīng)新的工作和環(huán)境。 2)睡在臨時(shí)的地方 (vi)： ～down on the floor 臨時(shí)睡在地板上; 3)敲詐，勒索 (vt)(AmE，infml)：～down every small shopkeeper in the street for at least $100 敲詐這條街上的每一個(gè)小店主，讓他們每人至少交出100美元; 4)徹底搜查(vt)(AmE，infml)： The police had to～down every building in the street before they found the gunman. 警察徹底搜查了街上的每一幢建筑才發(fā)現(xiàn)了槍手。
?shake sth from/into/onto/out of，etc sth 把……抖出(進(jìn)，到……上面)：Wait a minute，I want to～the water from/out of my boots. 等一等，我要把水從我的靴子里抖出來(lái)?！玸couring powder into the bath 把去污粉抖到浴缸里;
?shake off (v adv)擺脫(vt)：～off a cold/a fit of depression/one's pursuers治好感冒/擺脫壓抑情緒/擺脫追求者;
?shake sth off sth 從……抖掉(落)：stamp one's feet to～the snow off his boots 跺腳弄掉靴子上的雪;
?shake out (v adv)抖(打)開(kāi)(vt)：～out a tablecloth/a sheet/a sail 抖開(kāi)桌布/床單/帆;
?shake up (v adv) 1)搖勻，使混合(vt)：～up the cocktail/the salad-dressing 搖勻雞尾酒/沙拉汁; 2)使振作(vt)：～up lazy boys 使懶惰的男孩子們振作起來(lái);
?→′shaker n 搖動(dòng)器，混合器;′shaking n 搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng);′shakedown n 臨時(shí)床鋪;敲詐，勒索;徹底的搜查;(對(duì)飛機(jī)，船等的)最后測(cè)試;′shake-up，′shake-out n 大改組，大規(guī)模改革;
?n(1)搖(震，抖)動(dòng)(act of moving from side to side or up and down)[C，通常sing]：He answered “no” with a～of the head. 他搖了一下頭說(shuō) “不”。give sb/sth a～搖一搖某人/某物;The～of the speaker's hands betrayed his nervousness. 演講者手的抖動(dòng)暴露出他的緊張。
?(2)哆嗦，戰(zhàn)栗(fit of trembling or shivering)[C，the～s][接sing動(dòng)詞](infml)：a fit of the～s 一陣顫抖;begin to get the～s just thinking about the test 一想到考試就開(kāi)始打哆嗦;〖同〗trembling，shivering;
?in a couple of shakes/in two shakes 馬上，立刻(infml)：I'll be ready in two～s. 我馬上就準(zhǔn)備好。
?→′shaky adj 發(fā)抖的;搖搖晃晃的，不穩(wěn)定的;′shakily adv發(fā)抖地;搖搖晃晃地，不穩(wěn)定地;′shakiness n 發(fā)抖;搖搖晃晃，不穩(wěn)定;
?【辨異】shake和tremble都表示人或物的抖動(dòng)或搖動(dòng)。shake(顫抖)指快速的、突然的、通常是不均勻的搖動(dòng)，造成人或物失去穩(wěn)定和平衡，如：His hand was shaking so violently that he almost spilt his tea.(他的手顫動(dòng)得這樣厲害，差點(diǎn)把茶水都弄灑了。)tremble(發(fā)抖，戰(zhàn)栗)通常指人由于恐懼、寒冷、虛弱或激動(dòng)造成的不由自主的顫抖，如：He trembled with fear when he saw the policeman.(他看見(jiàn)警察時(shí)嚇得直打哆嗦。)