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vt (1)跟(追)蹤(follow by means of clues，evidence，etc)[T+n，T+n+prep (to)]：～the origins of a word 追溯詞的出處;～a criminal/a thief to London (his hideout) 跟蹤罪犯/竊賊到倫敦(其藏身的地方);～a fox to its den 追蹤一只狐貍到其巢穴;～a story to its origin 查明一個故事的出處;～a river to its source 查明一條河的源頭;～the steps to a pond 跟蹤腳印到水塘邊;〖同〗 track，hunt;

(2)發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到(find or discover by means of clues，evidence，etc)[T+n]：cannot～that letter/that document 查不到那封信/那個文件;(post office) try to～a missing package (郵局)設(shè)法查找丟失的包裹; (policeman) try to～a missing man (警察)設(shè)法尋找一個失蹤的人;The source of the infection/Several ancient Roman army camps has(have) been～d. 感染源/一些古羅馬軍隊的營地已經(jīng)找到?！纪絛iscover，find;

(3)講(追)述……的發(fā)展(describe the development of sth)[T+n]：～the beginning of the labor movement/the decline of the Roman empire/the history of modern art/the development of social organization 敘述工人運動的起源/羅馬帝國的衰亡/現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的歷史/社會組織的發(fā)展;〖同〗outline，describe;

(4)追溯(have or discover the origin of sth)[T+n，T+n+adv (back)+prep (to)，T+n+prep (to)]：～one's family back to John Alden 追溯家族的先人到約翰·奧爾登;～one's ancestry back to William the Conqueror 追溯自己的祖先直至威廉一世;～a system of government back to the ancient Romans 追溯一政府體制的歷史直至古羅馬;(family) can～its history back to the 10th century (家族的)歷史可追溯到10世紀(jì); (man) can～his descent back to an old Norman family (某人的)血統(tǒng)可追溯到一個古老的諾爾曼家族;(the whole false story/the rumor) be～d (back) to an opposition politician (整個虛假的故事/謠言)源于一政敵; (sb's fear of water) be～d (back) to a childhood accident (某人對水的恐懼)源于兒時的一次意外事故;(the cause of the fire)be～d (back)to a faulty fuse-box (火災(zāi))源于保險絲盒的故障;

(5) 1)描(繪)出……的輪廓(sketch the outline of sth)[T+n，T+n+adv (out)]：～out one's route/the shape of the buildings/a plan of the fort/the location of the lot 標(biāo)出路線/畫出建筑物的外形/描繪出堡壘的詳圖/標(biāo)出空地的位置;〖同〗outline，draw; 2)緩慢而費力地寫(write slowly and with difficulty)[T+n]：～one's name/one's signature slowly (laboriously) 緩慢(費力)地寫下名字/簽名;

(6)描，拓，復(fù)制(寫)(copy by following lines seen through a sheet of transparent paper)[T+n]：～a drawing on a piece of tissue paper/a map onto a sheet of paper 用一張薄紙把畫拓下來/一張紙把地圖拓下來;〖同〗copy;

→′tracer n 追蹤者;繪圖員;描繪工具;曳光彈;′tracing n(圖的)復(fù)制件;′tracing-paper n(透明)描圖紙;′traceable adj 可追蹤的;可描畫的;′traceableness n 可追蹤性;可描繪性;′traceably adv 可追蹤地;可描畫地;

n (1)痕(遺，蹤，形，足)跡(visible mark or sign of the former existence or，influence of some event)[C，U]：～s of prehistoric habitation/a once ancient civilization 史前聚居地/古代文明的遺跡;There were～s of egg on the plate. 盤子里留有雞蛋的痕跡。T～s of the struggle could be seen on the ground. 看得出地上有打斗的痕跡。There's still no～of the missing child/jewels. 還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)丟失的孩子/珠寶的蹤跡。unable to find any～of the gang/the murderer/the cattle/the ancient ruin 找不到那幫歹徒的蹤跡/那個殺人兇手的蹤跡/那牛群的蹤跡/古代遺跡;lose all～of sb 不知某人在何處;(ship/car/person/sheep)have vanished/disappeared without (a)～(船/小汽車/人/羊群)消失/消失得無影無蹤;be lost without～in the forest 沒留一點痕跡，在森林里失蹤了;War/The earthquake has left its～(s) on the countryside. 戰(zhàn)爭/地震在農(nóng)村留下遺跡。Sorrow has left its～(s) upon his character. 悲傷在他的個性中留下了印跡?！纪絪ign，mark，trail，track;

(2)很少量(extremely small amount of sth)[C]：reveal/find～s of poison in sb's sto-mach 在某人胃里發(fā)現(xiàn)/找到微量毒物;There was a～of jealousy/sarcasm/sadness in his voice (tone/smile). 在他的話語(口氣/微笑)中帶有(一絲)嫉妒/諷刺/憂傷。speak without a～of emotion 講話毫無感情;It rained a～last night. 昨天夜里下了一點兒雨?！玡lement 微量元素;〖同〗bit，drop，hint，suggestion，shade;

→′traceless adj 無痕跡的;

【辨異】trace 與track和trail都可表示“痕跡”。trace 指廣意上的“痕跡”，用法較廣，如腳印、碎片等，或者無形的“痕跡”。track 指的是在地上留下的印跡，如：follow the tracks of a bear in the snow(在雪地里跟蹤熊的足跡);trail 指的是一連串的“痕跡”，還可指氣味(人或動物留下的氣味)，如：a trail of smoke(一縷煙)。